Weimar was in the German state of Thuringia, and the Bauhaus school received state support from the Social Democrat-controlled Thuringian state government.

* Holger Nehring, ' National Internationalists: British and West German Protests against Nuclear Weapons, the Politics of Transnational Communications and the Social History of the Cold War, 1957 – 1964 ', Contemporary European History, 14, No. 4 ( 2006 )

A 1924 right-wing German political cartoon showing Philipp Scheidemann, the Social Democratic Party of Germany | German Social Democratic politician who proclaimed the Weimar Republic and was its second Chancellor, and Matthias Erzberger, an anti-war politician from the Centre Party ( Germany ) | Centre Party, who signed the Armistice with Germany ( Compiègne ) | armistice with the Allies ( World War I ) | Allies, as stabbing the German Army in the back

Edmund Rüdiger Stoiber ( born 28 September 1941 ) is a German politician, former minister-president of the state of Bavaria and former chairman of the Christian Social Union ( CSU ).

Engelbert Dollfuss ( in German: Engelbert Dollfuß ; October 4, 1892 – July 25, 1934 ) was an Austrian Christian Social and Patriotic Front statesman.

The FDP is led by Philipp Rösler and currently serves as the junior coalition partner to the Union ( Christian Democratic Union and Christian Social Union ) in the German federal government.

Mussolini was rescued from arrest by German forces and led the German client state, the Italian Social Republic from 1943 to 1945.

While Fascism claimed that corporatism gave workers power alongside employer in workplaces in reality the concept of " Fuhrerprinzip " gave employers and State-appointed workplace managers absolute control over the workplace as dictated by the State-owned German Labor Front ; based on the Social Darwinist ideology that certain individuals are " gifted " and " born to rule ", employers thought to be part of that group.

They received considerable support from Minister of Defense Gustav Noske, a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany, who used them to crush the German Revolution of 1918 – 1919 and the Marxist Spartacist League and arrest Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg, who were killed on 15 January 1919.

Lord Gladwyn pointed out that the German Free Democrats were in coalition with the German Social Democrats.

Hayek was defended by Professor Antony Flew who stated that the German Social Democrats, unlike the British Labour Party, had, since the late 1950s, abandoned public ownership of the means of production, distribution and exchange and had instead embraced the social market economy.

At this phase, Lenin and the Bolsheviks, under threat in Petrograd, urged the Social Democrats to seize power in Finland, which was an important defensive area against the German threat and a vital backup zone for the Bolsheviks in and around Petrograd.

Both of these opposed Swedish support for the Whites, because they had co-operated with the German Empire and fought against the Finnish Social Democrats.

The ruling Communist party, known as the " Socialist Unity Party " ( SED ), was formed in April 1946 from the merger between the German Communist Party ( KPD ) and the Social Democratic Party of Germany ( SPD ) by mandate of Joseph Stalin.

Willy Brandt ( 1913 – 1992 ) was the leader of the Social Democratic Party in 1964 – 87 and West German Chancellor in 1969 – 1974.

While a member of the Institute of Social Research, Marcuse developed a model for critical social theory, created a theory of the new stage of state and monopoly capitalism, described the relationships between philosophy, social theory, and cultural criticism, and provided an analysis and critique of German fascism.

Social unrest at the end of World War I led to the German Revolution of 1918, with the formation of the Weimar Republic forcing the Hohenzollerns to abdicate, thus bringing an end to the modern German monarchy.

In May 1859, Lincoln purchased the Illinois Staats-Anzeiger, a German-language newspaper which was consistently supportive ; most of the state's 130, 000 German Americans voted Democratic but there was Republican support that a German-language paper could mobilize.

In 1949, the Federal Republic of Germany was founded in West Germany and eventually included all of the American, British, and French zones, excluding those three countries ' zones in Berlin, while the Marxist-Leninist German Democratic Republic was proclaimed in East Germany.

* The German Democratic Republic introduced the convention of v. u.

In 1990, it was discovered in the archive of the Stasi ( the state security service of the former German Democratic Republic ) that a member of CND's governing council, Vic Allen, had passed information to them about CND.

As the Auto Union company originally was situated in Saxony in what became the German Democratic Republic, it took some time for it to regroup after the war ended.

" People in the new federal states of Germany ( the former German Democratic Republic ) were offended by Stoiber's remarks.

Furthermore, the leader of the German Free Democratic Party ( FDP ), Philipp Rösler, serves as Vice-Chancellor of Germany and the leader of the British Liberal Democrats, Nick Clegg, serves as Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.

* The Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic ( West and East Germany ) were both recognised on January 7, 1972 by Finland.

The FDP was founded in 1948 by members of the former liberal political parties existing in Germany before World War II, the German Democratic Party and the German People's Party.

The FDP was founded on 11 December 1948 through the merger of nine regional liberal parties formed in 1945 from the remnants of the pre-1933 German People's Party ( DVP ) and the German Democratic Party ( DDP ), which had been active in the Weimar Republic.

Following German reunification in 1990, the FDP merged with the Association of Free Democrats, a grouping of liberals from East Germany and the Liberal Democratic Party of Germany.

In years before 1990, the figures of the West Germany | FRG and the German Democratic Republic | GDR are combined

The German government has had issues with upkeep of the roads in the country, having had to revamp the eastern portions transport system since the unification of Germany between the German Democratic Republic ( East Germany ) and the Federal Republic of Germany ( West Germany ).

* National People's Army ( 1956 – 1990 ), armed forces of the former German Democratic Republic

As was to be expected Kennedy's latest speech was greeted with enthusiasm by revenge-seeking circles in Bonn, where officials of the West German government praised it ''.

The stab-in-the-back myth ( German: )< ref > Despite the similarity of the German word Legende and the English word " legend ", " stab-in-the-back < u > myth </ u >" is the preferred term in English .</ ref > is the notion, widely believed in right-wing circles in Germany after 1918, that the German Army did not lose World War I but was instead betrayed by the civilians on the home front, especially the republicans who overthrew the monarchy.

Marx became interested in, but critical of, the work of the German philosopher G. W. F Hegel ( 1770 – 1831 ), whose ideas were widely debated amongst European philosophical circles at the time.

Karl August Böttiger ( June 8, 1760 – November 17, 1835 ) was a German archaeologist and classicist, and a prominent member of the literary and artistic circles in Weimar and Jena.

Contrary to popular belief in American and British circles, the Luftwaffe was not " the hand maiden of the German Army ".

Stalin felt that there was a growing split in German circles about whether Germany should initiate a war with the Soviet Union.

At the beginning of the Modern age, some circles redubbed the HRR into the " Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation " (), a symptom of the formation of a German Nation state as opposed to the Multinational state the HRR was throughout its history.

They comment that Blavatsky's work " helped to foster antisemitism, which is perhaps one of the reasons her esoteric work was so rapidly accepted in German circles.

Their marriage met with disapproval in certain circles because most of Queen Victoria's relations were German, and Denmark was at loggerheads with Germany over the territories of Schleswig and Holstein.

In German speaking Europe there are lots of local " Tauschring ", or " Tauschkreis " ( exchange circles ) networks which share all sorts of services.

Simmel nevertheless continued his intellectual and academic work, taking part in artistic circles as well as being a cofounder of the German Society for Sociology, together with Ferdinand Tönnies and Max Weber.

This work made a profound impression in German Jewish circles because it was something new — a brilliant, intellectual presentation of Orthodox Judaism in classic German, and a fearless, uncompromising defense of all its institutions and ordinances.

People with four German grandparents ( white circles ) were of " German blood ," while people were classified as Jews if they were descended from three or more Jewish grandparents ( black circles in top row right ).

Within the occupied territories, communistic elements and other circles hostile to Germany have increased their efforts against the German State and the occupying powers since the Russian campaign started.

Mannheim was a precocious scholar and an accepted member of two influential circles, one centered on Oszkár Jászi and interested above all in French and English sociological writings, and one centered on György Lukács, with interests focused on the enthusiasms of German diagnosticians of cultural crisis, notably the novels of Fyodor Dostoyevsky and the writings of the German mystics.

In German, at least outside geological circles, the word Alb is used almost universally in place of Jura.