The Italian scholar Maggiani recently showed that on an Etruscan tomb dedicated to Racvi Satlnei in Bologna ( 5th century BC ) there is a writing that says: " aivastelmunsl

In 2000, an excavation focusing on ancient ruins on Nelson's Island under Italian archaeologist Paolo Gallo uncovered a number of graves that date from the battle, as well as others buried there during the 1801 invasion.

A number of other European languages have cognate words that were borrowed from the Germanic languages during the Middle Ages, including brog in Irish, bwr or bwrc, meaning " wall, rampart " in Welsh, bourg in French, burg in Catalan ( in Catalonia there is a town named Burg ), borgo in Italian, and burgo in Spanish ( hence the place-name Burgos ).

The demographic history of Croatia is marked by significant migrations, including the arrival of the Croats in the area growth of Hungarian and German speaking population since the personal union of Croatia and Hungary, and joining of the Habsburg Empire, migrations set off by Ottoman conquests and growth of Italian speaking population in Istria and in Dalmatia during Venetian rule there.

Concurrently, during a military operation in World War II, following a German air raid on the Italian harbour of Bari, several hundred people were accidentally exposed to mustard gas, which had been transported there by the allied forces to prepare for possible retaliation in the event of German use of chemical warfare.

During the Middle Ages, there were various systems involving elections or assemblies, although often only involving a small amount of the population, the election of Gopala in Bengal region of Indian Subcontinent, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth ( 10 % of population ), the Althing in Iceland, the Løgting in the Faeroe Islands, certain medieval Italian city-states such as Venice, the tuatha system in early medieval Ireland, the Veche in Novgorod and Pskov Republics of medieval Russia, Scandinavian Things, The States in Tirol and Switzerland and the autonomous merchant city of Sakai in the 16th century in Japan.

In 1923, while writing the appendix for the Italian edition of the book The Mathematical Theory of Relativity by A. Kopff, Enrico Fermi pointed out, for the first time, that hidden inside the famous Einstein equation (), there was an enormous amount of nuclear potential energy to be exploited.

In the Italian Ambrosio companies film La mala planta ( The Evil Plant ), directed by Mario Caserini, which involves a case of poisoning, there is an Insert shot of a snake slithering over the ‘ Evil Plant ’.

K. is asked by the bank to show an Italian client around local places of cultural interest, but the Italian client, short of time, asks K. to take him only to the cathedral, setting a time to meet there.

The language spoken in the city there during the 14th century was, and still is, accepted as the Italian language.

Arimondi left there a small garrison of approximately 1, 150 askaris and 200 Italians, commanded by Major Giuseppe Galliano, and took the bulk of his troops to Adigrat, where Oreste Baratieri, the Italian commander, was concentrating the Italian Army.

A collective head of state can exist in republics ( internal complexity ): e. g. nominal triumvirates ; the Directoire ; the seven-member Swiss Federal Council, where each member acts in turn as ceremonial chief of state ); Bosnia and Herzegovina ( three member presidium, from three different nations ); San Marino ( two " Captains-regent "), which maintains the tradition of Italian medieval republics, where there always was an even number of consuls.

As a consequence during WWII there was a strong support for Italy between many Muslim Libyans, who enrolled in the Italian Army

During the war, the NLM's communist-dominated partisans, in the form of the National Liberation Army, did not heed warnings from the Italian occupiers that there would be reprisals for guerrilla attacks.

According to the Italian government, there were 4, 570, 317 foreign residents in Italy as of January 2011.

Italy has a smaller number of global multinational corporations than other economies of comparable size, but there is a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises, as in the Northern " industrial triangle " ( Milan-Turin-Genoa ), where there is an area of intense industrial and machinery production, notably in their several industrial districts, which are the backbone of the Italian industry.

Italian is also recognized as an official language in Istria County, Croatia and Slovenian Istria where there are significant and historic Italian populations.

According to the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, every year there are more than 200, 000 foreign students that are learning Italian language ; they are distributed in the 90 Institutes of Italian Culture in the world, in the 179 Italian schools abroad and in the 111 Italian sections that are open into foreign schools.

The Concerts -- nos. 2, 6, 9, 10 and 14 are represented -- are really closer to chamber suites than to concertos in the Italian sense.

The sonatas, `` La Francaise '', `` La Sultane '', `` L'Astree '' and `` L'Imperiale '', are often more elaborately worked out and, in fact, show a strong Italian influence.

Some adaptations of the Latin alphabet are augmented with ligatures, such as æ in Old English and Icelandic and Ȣ in Algonquian ; by borrowings from other alphabets, such as the thorn þ in Old English and Icelandic, which came from the Futhark runes ; and by modifying existing letters, such as the eth ð of Old English and Icelandic, which is a modified d. Other alphabets only use a subset of the Latin alphabet, such as Hawaiian, and Italian, which uses the letters j, k, x, y and w only in foreign words.

Words primarily used in Austria are Jänner ( January ) rather than Januar, heuer ( this year ) rather than dieses Jahr, Stiege ( stairs ) instead of Treppe, Rauchfang ( chimney ) instead of Schornstein, many administrative, legal and political terms – and a whole series of foods and vegetables such as: Erdäpfel ( potatoes ) German Kartoffeln ( but Dutch Aardappel ), Schlagobers ( whipped cream ) German Schlagsahne, Faschiertes ( ground beef ) German Hackfleisch, Fisolen ( green beans ) German Gartenbohne ( but Czech fazole and Italian fagioli ), Karfiol ( cauliflower ) German Blumenkohl ( but Italian cavolfiore ), Kohlsprossen ( Brussels sprouts ) German Rosenkohl, Marillen ( apricots ) German Aprikosen but Slovak marhuľa, Paradeiser ( tomatoes ) German Tomaten, Palatschinken ( pancakes ) German Pfannkuchen ( but Czech palačinky ), Topfen ( a semi-sweet cottage cheese ) German Quark and Kren ( horseradish ) German Meerrettich ( but Czech křen ).

The term for the mountain peaks varies by nation and language: words such as horn, kogel, gipfel, and berg are used in German speaking regions: mont and aguille in French speaking regions ; and monte or cima in Italian speaking regions.

In French, Italian, Spanish and German, alternate history novels are called uchronie.

Adjectives derived from " United States " ( such as United Statesian ) are awkward in English, but similar constructions exist in Spanish ( estadounidense ), Portuguese ( estado-unidense, estadunidense ), Finnish ( yhdysvaltalainen: from Yhdysvallat, United States ), as well as in French ( états-unien ), and Italian ( statunitense ).

* 1945 – Benito Mussolini and his mistress Clara Petacci are executed by a firing squad consisting of members of the Italian resistance movement.

Argentine cuisine may be described as a cultural blending of Mediterranean influences ( such as those created by Italian and Spanish populations ) within the wide scope of livestock and agricultural products that are abundant in the country.

Italian staples, such as pizza and pasta, are eaten as commonly as beef.

Mozart wrote to his father in May 1783 about Salieri and Lorenzo Da Ponte, the court poet: " You know those Italian gentlemen ; they are very nice to your face!

The Centauro Wheeled Tank Destroyer of the Italian and Spanish Armies, the Chinese anti-tank gun PTL-02 and the French AMX 10 RC heavy armored car are also good examples.

Many nationalist movements, such as the French National Front, Austrian Freedom Party, or the Italian Lego Nord are opposed to globalization, but argue that the alternative to globalization is the protection of the nation-state, sometimes, according to critics, in explicitly racist or fascist terms.

Many police officers or responsible authorities present in Genoa during the G8 summit, are currently under investigation by the Italian judges, and some of them resigned.

They are one of the most popular Italian rock / hip hop groups.

French, Dutch, Italian, and Latvian are languages that do not have aspirated consonants.

In a letter to Bishop Maximilian of Syracuse, Gregory states his intention for his Dialogues, saying they are a kind of floretum ( an anthology, literally, ‘ flowers ’) of the most striking miracles of Italian holy men.

Other dance styles, such as the Italian and Spanish dances of the period are much less well studied than either English country dance or the French style.

Many phrases are characteristic of the German reformer Martin Bucer, or of the Italian Peter Martyr, ( who was staying with Cranmer at the time of the finalising of drafts ), or of his chaplain, Thomas Becon.

Two versions of Blackwood are common: " standard " Blackwood, developed by Easley, and " Roman key card " or " RKC " Blackwood, named for the Italian team which invented it.

Unrelated roots are differentiated in various languages such as Italian, Japanese, and Finnish, with two length levels, " single " and " geminate ".

Knots commonly used in caving are the figure-of-eight-( or figure-of-nine -) loop, bowline, alpine butterfly, and Italian hitch.

Carabiners are marked on the side with single letters showing their intended area of use, for example, K ( via ferrata ), B ( base ), and H ( for belaying with an Italian or Munter hitch ).