In Scotland the " fiery cross ", known as the Crann Tara was used as a declaration of war, which required all clan members to rally to the defence of the area.

The " Dear Green Place " and " City of God " required government troops to put down the rioters tearing up copies of the Treaty, as at almost every mercat cross in Scotland.

This is not a sign of homage to the Irish but of the conquest of French speaking Québec by the British who use the symbols of France, Scotland, Wales, and Ireland bounded within the English cross of St. George.

The colours are identical to the ones in the Flag of Scotland, but shaped in the Nordic cross.

The Southern Picts, for whom Ninian is held to be the apostle, are the Picts south of the mountains known as the Mounth, which cross Scotland north of the Firths of Clyde and Forth.

He continued his missionary work, travelling the breadth of the country from Berwick to Galloway to carry out pastoral work and founding an oratory at Dull, Scotland complete with a large stone cross, and a little cell for himself, at a site which subsequently became a monastery then later the University of St Andrews.

At the centre of a large rural agricultural hinterland that encompasses some of the flattest and most productive land in Scotland, Stirling principally functioned as a market town, symbolised by its Mercat cross, with farmers coming to sell their products and wares in the large agricultural market that was held in the town.

The term " high cross " is mainly used in Ireland and Scotland, but the tradition across the whole of the British Isles, is essentially a single phenomenon, though there are certainly strong regional variations.

In Pictish Scotland the cross-slab, a flat stone with a cross in relief or incised on an essentially rectangular stone, developed as a hybrid form of the Pictish stone and the high cross.

A cross near Broomhouse Hill across the river from the castle marks the spot where Malcolm III of Scotland was killed in 1093, during the first Battle of Alnwick.

According to legend, the Christian apostle and martyr Saint Andrew, the patron saint of Scotland, was crucified on an X-shaped cross at Patras, ( Patrae ), in Achaea.

Use of the familiar iconography of his martyrdom, showing the apostle bound to an X-shaped cross, first appears in the Kingdom of Scotland in 1180 during the reign of William I.

Use of a simplified symbol associated with Saint Andrew which does not depict his image, namely the saltire, or crux decussata, ( from the Latin crux, ' cross ', and decussis, ' having the shape of the Roman numeral X '), has its origins in the late 14th century ; the Parliament of Scotland having decreed in 1385 that Scottish soldiers shall wear a white Saint Andrew's Cross on their person, both in front and behind, for the purpose of identification.

However, in objecting strongly to the form and pattern of Union Flag adopted by James ' heralds, whereby the cross of Saint George surmounted that of Saint Andrew, ( regarded in Scotland as a slight upon the Scottish nation ), a great number of shipmasters and ship-owners in Scotland took up the matter with John Erskine, 18th Earl of Mar, and encouraged him to send a letter of complaint, dated 7 August 1606, to James VI, via the Privy Council of Scotland, stating:

Within Scotland, the Forth and Clyde Canal and the Union Canal connected the major cities in the industrial Central Belt ; they also provide a short cut for boats to cross between the west and the east without a sea voyage.

On his way through Europe -- England, Scotland, Austria, Finland and Estonia -- he has sex with all willing women and girls that cross his path, " asserting my inalienable right to freedom ".

The supporters were: dexter a unicorn of Scotland imperially crowned, supporting a tilting lance flying a banner Azure a saltire Argent ( Cross of Saint Andrew ) and sinister the crowned lion of England supporting a similar lance flying a banner Argent a cross Gules ( Cross of Saint George ).

It consists of the red cross of Saint George ( patron saint of England ), edged in white, superimposed on the Cross of St Patrick ( patron saint of Ireland ), which are superimposed on the Saltire of Saint Andrew ( patron saint of Scotland ).

Also in 1919, the British were the first to cross the Atlantic in an airship when the R34 captained by Major George Herbert Scott of the Royal Air Force with his crew and passengers flew from East Fortune, Scotland to Mineola, Long Island, covering a distance of about in about four and a half days ; he then made a return trip to England, thus also completing the first double crossing of the Atlantic ( east – west – east ).

Various schemes to link Queen Street to Central Station have been considered, as passengers travelling from the north of Scotland to the south and vice-versa via Glasgow have to cross the city centre.

Irish examples with a head in Celtic cross form include the Cross of Kells, Ardboe High Cross, the crosses at Monasterboice, and the Cross of the Scriptures, Clonmacnoise, as well as those in Scotland at Iona and the Kildalton Cross, which may be the earliest to survive in good condition.

Other stone crosses are found in the former Northumbria and Scotland, and further south in England, where they merge with the similar Anglo-Saxon cross making tradition, in the Ruthwell Cross for example.

The organization of cross country running in the United Kingdom has continued to be mostly devolved to the four national associations: England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland.

The most troublesome enemies of Roman Britain were the Picts of central and northern Scotland, and the Gaels known as Scoti, who were raiders from Ireland.

Angus is known as the birthplace of Scotland.

Conversely the use of true brass seems to have declined in Western Europe during this period in favour of gunmetals and other mixed alloys but by the end of the first Millennium AD brass artefacts are found in Scandinavian graves in Scotland, brass was being used in the manufacture of coins in Northumbria and there is archaeological and historical evidence for the production of brass in Germany and The Low Countries areas rich in calamine ore which would remain important centres of brass making throughout the medieval period, especially Dinant – brass objects are still collectively known as dinanterie in French.

The British and Irish Lions ( formerly known as the British Isles and the British Lions ) is a rugby union team made up of players from England, Scotland, Ireland and Wales.

The International Badminton Federation ( IBF ) ( now known as Badminton World Federation ) was established in 1934 with Canada, Denmark, England, France, the Netherlands, Ireland, New Zealand, Scotland, and Wales as its founding members.

Other such breast mountains are Mount Elgon on the Uganda-Kenya border, Beinn Chìochan and the Maiden Paps in Scotland, the " Bundok ng Susong Dalaga " ( Maiden's breast mountains ) in Talim Island, Philippines, the twin hills known as the Paps of Anu ( Dá Chích Anann or the breasts of Anu ), near Killarney in Ireland, the 2, 086 m high Tetica de Bacares or " La Tetica " in the Sierra de Los Filabres, Spain, and Khao Nom Sao in Thailand, Cerro Las Tetas in Puerto Rico and the Breasts of Aphrodite in Mykonos, among many others.

In the 13th century, after several years of political unrest, Scotland is invaded and conquered by King Edward I of England ( known as " Longshanks ") ( McGoohan ).

Shakespeare often used Raphael Holinshed's Chronicles of England, Scotland, and Ireland — commonly known as Holinshed's Chronicles — as a source for his plays, and in Macbeth he borrows from several of the tales in that work.

The best known CAMRA award is the Champion Beer of Britain, which is selected at the Great British Beer Festival, other awards include the Champion Beer of Scotland and the Champion Beer of Wales.

The earliest known reference to croquet in Scotland is the booklet called The Game of Croquet, its Laws and Regulations which was published in the mid-1860s for the proprietor of Eglinton Castle, the Earl of Eglinton.

Several incomplete sets of this form of croquet are known to exist, and one complete set is still used for demonstration games in the West of Scotland.

The game was ( and still is, in Scotland and Scottish-settled regions like southern New Zealand ) also known as " the roaring game " because of the sound the stones make while traveling over the pebble ( droplets of water applied to the playing surface ).

The first world championship for curling was limited to men and was known as the " Scotch Cup ", held in Falkirk and Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1959.

Between 1653 – 1659 it was known as the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland.

It is preceded by direct examination ( in the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, India and Pakistan known as examination-in-chief ) and may be followed by a redirect ( re-examination in England, Scotland, Australia, Canada, India, Hong Kong, and Pakistan ).

Constantine, son of Áed ( Medieval Gaelic: Constantín mac Áeda ; Modern Gaelic: Còiseam mac Aoidh, known in most modern regnal lists as Constantine II ; before 879 – 952 ) was an early King of Scotland, known then by the Gaelic name Alba.

The Cathbuaid, Columba's crozier or staff, has been lost but the 8th-century Breccbennach or Monymusk Reliquary shown here, which held relics of Columba, is known to have been carried into battle from the reign of King William I of Scotland | William I onwards.

* The Cobbler, a mountain located near the head of Loch Long in Scotland, also known as " Ben Arthur "

In the English language, the first known use of the term is in Andrew of Wyntoun's Orygynale Cronykil of Scotland, " He was a constant Catholic / All Lollard he hated and heretic.

He changed the spelling of his name in 1734, because the fact that his surname ' Home ' was pronounced ' Hume ' in Scotland was not known in England.

In south of Scotland it is called " bloody fingers " more northward, " deadman's bells " whilst in Wales it is known as " fairy-folks-fingers " or " lambs-tongue-leaves ".

The most widely known English language translation was made by Sir James Fergusson, formerly Keeper of the Records of Scotland, from text that he reconstructed using this extant copy and early copies of the original draft.

Victorian historians often referred to the tribe as the Damnonii, which is also the name of another Celtic people from lowland Scotland, although there are no known links between the two populations.

He was able to start the devolution process, and worked endlessly on creating the Scotland Act, popularly known as Smith's " unfinished business ".