The conflict stemmed from disagreement over the handling of the war with Scotland ; Lancaster, and many others, found the king's war effort lacking.

Research carried out in the U. K. during World War II left Gruinard Island in Scotland contaminated with anthrax for the next 48 years.

Graphics and titles were developed by the Lambie-Nairn design agency and were gradually rolled out across the whole of BBC News, including a similar design for regional news starting with Newsroom South East and the three BBC Nations – Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

The General Register Office for Scotland ( GROS ) conducts its own census, while the census in Northern Ireland is carried out by the Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency ( NISRA ).

On 16 June, Dewar set out the legislative programme for the Executive which included: an Education bill to improve standards in Scottish schools ; land reform to give right of access to the countryside, a bill to abolish the feudal system of land tenure ; and a bill to establish National Parks in Scotland.

In goal, Banks was checked out by Ramsey for the first time in April 1963 against Scotland at Wembley.

By 1900 Scotland had 3500 miles of railway ; their main economic contribution was moving supplies in and product out for heavy industry, especially coal-mining.

In Scotland and Ireland, Guising – children disguised in costume going from door to door for food or coins – is a traditional Halloween custom, and is recorded in Scotland at Halloween in 1895 where masqueraders in disguise carrying lanterns made out of scooped out turnips, visit homes to be rewarded with cakes, fruit and money.

Typically, it is only in Scotland this practice is carried out correctly.

In modern Scotland this practice has died out.

George Monck, realizing the military stood to lose power ; secretly shifted his loyalty to the Crown but as General George Monck, who had been Cromwell's viceroy in Scotland, began to march south, Lambert, who had ridden out to face him, lost support in London.

In the seventeenth century it was in England that Machiavelli's ideas were most substantially developed and adapted, and that republicanism came once more to life ; and out of seventeenth-century English republicanism there were to emerge in the next century not only a theme of English political and historical reflection-of the writings of the Bolingbroke circle and of Gibbon and of early parliamentary radicals-but a stimulus to the Enlightenment in Scotland, on the Continent, and in America.

* 1688 – William III of Orange sets out a second time from Hellevoetsluis in the Netherlands to invade England, Scotland and Ireland from King James II of England during the Glorious Revolution.

The UK is a unitary state formed initially by the merger of two independent kingdoms, the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland, but the Treaty of Union ( 1707 ) that set out the agreed terms has ensured the continuation of distinct features of each state, including separate legal systems and separate national churches.

Vikings then made the islands the headquarters of pirate expeditions carried out against Norway and the coasts of mainland Scotland.

When villages in Africa and Scotland are wiped out by a plague of madness, Solo and Kuryakin dig up a graveyard and a monster named Golgotha.

Guising — children disguised in costumes going from door to door for food and coins — also predates trick or treat, and is recorded in Scotland at Halloween in 1895, where masqueraders in disguise carrying lanterns made out of scooped out turnips, visit homes to be rewarded with cakes, fruit and money.

Guising at Halloween in Scotland is recorded in 1895, where masqueraders in disguise carrying lanterns made out of scooped out turnips, visit homes to be rewarded with cakes, fruit and money.

In Scotland and Ireland, " guising " — children going from house to house in disguise — is traditional, and a gift in the form of food, coins or " apples or nuts for the Halloween party " ( in more recent times chocolate ) is given out to the children dressed up in various costumes.

Among the earliest record of Guising at Halloween in Scotland is in 1895, where masqueraders in disguise carrying lanterns made out of scooped out turnips, visit homes to be rewarded with cakes, fruit and money.

Key work on the traditional ballad was undertaken in the late 19th century in Denmark by Svend Grundtvig and for England and Scotland by the Harvard professor Francis James Child.

Crannogs were used as dwellings over five millennia from the European Neolithic Period, to as late as the 17th / early 18th century although in Scotland, convincing evidence for Early and Middle Bronze Age or Norse Period use is not currently present in the archaeological record.

The years from approximately 1900 to the late 1940s saw very little in the way of crannog excavation in Scotland, while Ireland did witness some important and highly influential contributions.

They appear relatively late and only in Orkney and it is not clear why the use of cairns continued in the north when their construction had largely ceased elsewhere in Scotland.

If the sources for north-eastern Britain, the lands of the kingdom of Northumbria and the former Pictland, are limited and late, those for the areas on the Irish Sea and Atlantic coasts — the modern regions of north-west England and all of northern and western Scotland — are non-existent, and archaeology and toponymy are of primary importance.

While the sources for north-eastern Britain, the lands of the kingdom of Northumbria and the former Pictland, are limited and late, those for the areas on the Irish Sea and Atlantic coasts — the modern regions of north-west England and all of northern and western Scotland — are non-existent, and archaeology and toponymy are of primary importance.

In Aberdeen, Scotland, the shipbuilders Alexander Hall and Sons developed the " Aberdeen " clipper bow in the late 1830s: the first was the Scottish Maid launched in 1839.

Scottish politics in the late 18th century was dominated by the Whigs, with the benign management of Archibald Campbell, 3rd Duke of Argyll ( 1682 – 1761 ), who was in effect the " viceroy of Scotland " from the 1720s until his death in 1761.

The late 18th century saw the beginnings of a fragmentation of the Church of Scotland that had been created in the Reformation.

Not only was good passenger service established by the late 1840s, but an excellent network of freight lines reduce the cost of shipping coal, and made products manufactured in Scotland competitive throughout Britain.

This new identity made it possible for Scottish culture to become integrated into a wider European and North American context, not to mention tourist sites, but it also locked in a sense of " otherness " which Scotland began to shed only in the late 20th century.

As a result the Unionists were able to gain most of the votes of the middle classes, who now feared Bolshevik revolution, setting the social and geographical electoral pattern in Scotland that would last until the late 20th century.

Dressing up in costumes and going " guising " was prevalent in Ireland and Scotland at Halloween by the late 19th century.

Since the late Middle Ages the Kingdoms of England and Scotland had been evolving towards a quasi-oligarchical or collegiate form of government in which the monarch was held to rule with the consensus of the land-owning upper classes.

In Scotland, histories tracing the Scottish people to Japheth were published as late as George Chalmers ' well-received Caledonia, published in 3 volumes from 1807 to 1824.

In the late 12th and early 13th centuries the border and political relationship between England and Scotland was disputed, with the kings of Scotland claiming parts of what is now northern England.

In the late Seventeenth century came calls for the resurrection of militia in Scotland that had the understated aim of protecting the rights of Scots from English oppression.

In the late 1980s, Les Belles-soeurs (" The Sisters-in-Law ") was produced in Scotland in Scots, as The Guid-Sisters (" guid-sister " being Scots for " sister-in-law ").

Since the 18th century, particularly during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, some wealthy or ennobled families embraced Catholicism, including branches of the Asquith, Bellingham ( Ireland ), Bowyer ( England ), Calvert ( Maryland ), Cary-Elwes / Elwes ( since 1872 ), Feilding ( England ), Forbes ( Ireland ), Leslie ( Ireland ), Fraser ( Scotland ), Lane-Fox, Meynell, Noel ( Gainsborough ), Ashton Case ( or Ashton-Case ; England ), Radcliffe ( England ), Monckton, Pakenham ( Ireland ), Pontifex ( England ), Crichton-Stuart ( Scotland ) and Strickland ( Counts of Catena, Malta ) families.

According to Barbour and Fordoun, in the late summer of 1305 in a secret agreement sworn, signed and sealed, John Comyn agreed to forfeit his claim to the Scottish throne in favour of Robert Bruce upon receipt of the Bruce lands in Scotland should an uprising occur led by Bruce.

In 208 he invaded Caledonia modern Scotland, but his ambitions were cut short when he fell fatally ill in late 210.

In England and Wales, school ends in mid-July and resumes again in early September ; in Scotland the summer holiday begins in late June and ends in mid-to late-August.