The term was first coined by August Derleth, a contemporary correspondent of Lovecraft, who used the name of the creature Cthulhu — a central figure in Lovecraft literature and the focus of Lovecraft's famous short story The Call of Cthulhu ( first published in pulp magazine Weird Tales in 1928 )— to identify the system of lore employed by Lovecraft and his literary successors.

Also famous as a prose stylist, Hume pioneered the essay as a literary genre and engaged with contemporary intellectual luminaries such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Adam Smith ( who acknowledged Hume's influence on his economics and political philosophy ), James Boswell, Joseph Butler, and Thomas Reid.

The 1880s saw the revival of the Gothic as a powerful literary form allied to fin de siecle, which fictionalized contemporary fears like ethical degeneration and questioned the social structures of the time.

In attempting to reconstruct the Greek fire system, the concrete evidence, as it emerges from the contemporary literary references, provides the following characteristics:

His first three books gained much contemporary attention ( the first, Typee, becoming a bestseller ), and after a fast-blooming literary success in the late 1840s, his popularity declined precipitously in the mid-1850s and never recovered during his lifetime.

It was harshly panned by both contemporary and later literary critics, with even kinder critics regarding the work as " a long-winded sob story " which many have found to be " simply unreadable ," and this negative response has been speculated to be the reason Salinger decided to quit publishing.

She is the author of a number of works of science fiction, fantasy and feminist literary criticism such as How to Suppress Women's Writing, as well as a contemporary novel, On Strike Against God, and one children's book, Kittatinny.

The convergence of documentary evidence of the type used by academics for authorial attribution — title pages, testimony by other contemporary poets and historians, and official records — sufficiently establishes Shakespeare's authorship for the overwhelming majority of Shakespeare scholars and literary historians, and no evidence links Oxford to Shakespeare's works.

The main literary sources for Servius ' life and achievements are the Roman historian Livy ( 59 BC – AD 17 ), his near contemporary Dionysius of Halicarnassus, and Plutarch ( c. 46 – 120 AD ); their own sources included works by Quintus Fabius Pictor, Diocles of Peparethus and Quintus Ennius.

In postcolonial studies, the term " Emerging Literature " refers to a contemporary body of texts that is gaining momentum in the global literary landscape ( v.

The texts and literary sources for his work began with a period of interest in Russian folklore, which progressed to classical authors and the Latin liturgy and moved on to contemporary France ( André Gide, in Persephone ) and eventually English literature, including Auden, T. S. Eliot and medieval English verse.

The interpreter must investigate what meaning the sacred writer intended to express and actually expressed in particular circumstances by using contemporary literary forms in accordance with the situation of his own time and culture.

The principal surviving literary sources are Dio Cassius ( a contemporary and sometimes first-hand observer, but for this reign, only transmitted in fragments and abbreviations ), Herodian and the Historia Augusta ( untrustworthy for its character as a work of literature rather than history, with elements of fiction embedded within its biographies ; in the case of Commodus, it may well be embroidering upon what the author found in reasonably good contemporary sources ).

Today with most of Savonarola ’ s treatises and sermons and many of the contemporary sources – chronicles, diaries, government documents and literary works – available in critical editions, scholars can provide fresh, better informed assessments of his character and his place in the Renaissance, the Reformation and modern European history.

In the 4th century BC Aristotle wrote the Poetics, a typology and description of literary forms with many specific criticisms of contemporary works of art.

Mulan's Legend and Legacy in China and the United States ( Temple University Press ; 2010 ) 263 pages ; Traces literary and other images of Mulan from premodern China to contemporary China and the United States.

Gender is an important area of study in many disciplines, such as literary theory, drama studies, film theory, performance theory, contemporary art history, anthropology, sociology, psychology and psychoanalysis.

Love's Labour's Lost abounds in sophisticated wordplay, puns, and literary allusions and is filled with clever pastiches of contemporary poetic forms.

Many contemporary literary journals reviewed Look to Windward favourably, and critics consider the author one of the prime motivators for the return to the mainstream of contemporary UK fiction and science fiction.

" The quote is apocryphal ; it did not appear in print until 1896, and it has been argued that " The long-term durability of Lincoln's greeting as an anecdote in literary studies and Stowe scholarship can perhaps be explained in part by the desire among many contemporary intellectuals ... to affirm the role of literature as an agent of social change.

Gaius Asinius Pollio ( sometimes wrongly called Pollius or Philo ) ( Teate Marrucinorum-currently Chieti in Abruzzi 75 BC – AD 4 ) was a Roman soldier, politician, orator, poet, playwright, literary critic and historian, whose lost contemporary history, provided much of the material for the historians Appian and Plutarch.

He wrote songs that were innovative and original in form ( parodying and refreshing contemporary literary styles was one of his specialities ), as well as challenging in subject matter.

Buechner's combination of literary style with approachable, universally applicable subject matter has, to many of his fans, revolutionized contemporary Christian literature: " In my view, Buechner is doing a distinctively new thing on the literary scene, writing novels that are theologically exciting without becoming propaganda, and doing theology with artistic style and imagination.

The philosophical works, occupying the first six and the last of the twenty-one volumes, are generally divided according to the Aristotelian scheme of the sciences, and consist of interpretations and condensations of Aristotle's relative works, with supplementary discussions upon contemporary topics, and occasional divergences from the opinions of the master.

Hegel, in his Elements of the Philosophy of Right ( 1820 ), gave it a philosophical justification that concurred with evolving contemporary political theory and the Protestant Christian view of natural law.

In this context, it is more readily construed as meaning " school of thought ", since it is also used to construct the names of philosophical schools contemporary with Confucianism: for example, the Chinese names for Legalism and Mohism end in jiā.

However, some schools of contemporary philosophy such as the pragmatists and naturalistic epistemologists argue that philosophy should be linked to science and should be scientific in the broad sense of that term, " preferring to see philosophical reflection as continuous with the best practice of any field of intellectual enquiry ".

Recently, some philosophers have cast doubt about intuition as a basic tool in philosophical inquiry, from Socrates up to contemporary philosophy of language.

Within the Anglo-American tradition, the book is considered by many as being one of the most important philosophical works of the 20th century, and it continues to influence contemporary philosophers, especially those studying mind and language.

Emphasizing this close relationship between discourse and knowledge, contemporary rhetoricians have been associated with a number of philosophical and social scientific theories that see language and discourse as central to, rather than in conflict with, knowledge-making ( see critical theory, post-structuralism, hermeneutics, dramatism, reflexivity ).

In the Western philosophical tradition, discussion stretches back at least to Aristotle, and the topic remains a staple in contemporary philosophy.

These Jewish scholars translated dozens of philosophical and medical treatises into Latin, bringing the heritage of classical antiquity and the great contemporary Muslim culture to pre-Renaissance Europe.

Attempts emerged to combine elements of scholastic and analytic methodology in pursuit of a contemporary philosophical synthesis.

The play depicts Socrates, a contemporary of Aristophanes, as tinkering with odd devices and performing implausible experiments to determine the nature of the clouds and sky, and presents his philosophical method as a means for deceiving others and escaping blame, closer to the later descriptions of his opponents, the Sophists, than to those usually ascribed to him.

Like almost any theist, I reject unguided evolution ; but the contemporary scientific theory of evolution just as such — apart from philosophical or theological add-ons — doesn't say that evolution is unguided.

The historical association of subjectivism with moral anti-realism in large part explains why the robust model of moral realism has been dominant — even if only implicitly — both in the traditional and contemporary philosophical literature on metaethics.

In recent studies by Muslim contemporary thinkers that aim at ' renewing the impetus of philosophical thinking in Islam ', Nader El-Bizri offers a critical analysis of the conventions of methodology and historiography that dominate the mainstream academic and epistemic approaches in studying ' Islamic philosophy ' from ' archival ' standpoints, within Oriental and Mediaevalist Studies, which fail to recognize the fact that ' philosophy in Islam ' can still be a living intellectual tradition, and that its renewal requires a radical reform in ontology and epistemology within Islamic thought.

These developments could be seen as either continuations, or breaks, with the canon of Rabbinic philosophy of the Middle Ages, as well as the other historical dialectic aspects of Jewish thought, and resulted in diverse contemporary Jewish attitudes to philosophical methods.

Ibn Rushd ( or Ibn Roshd or Averroës ), the contemporary of Maimonides, closed the first great philosophical era of the Muslims.

It was Glanvill's style to seek out a " middle way " on contemporary philosophical issues.

This skepticism can range from disbelief in contemporary philosophical solutions, to agnosticism, to rejecting the reality of the external world.

The Vienna School of Fantastic Realism, which includes Ernst Fuchs and Arik Brauer, is also to be considered an important technical and philosophical catalyst in its strong influence upon the contemporary visionary culture.

While Bodin's common ground with Machiavelli is not so large, and indeed Bodin opposed the Godless vision of the world in Machiavelli, they are often enough paired, for example by A. C. Crombie as philosophical historians with contemporary concerns ; Crombie also links Bodin with Francis Bacon, as rational and critical historians.

The book provides philosophical connections to contemporary science that reach back not only to the Greek but also to the Indian tradition.

Interpretations adapted to contemporary society allowed for flexibility within Confucianism, while the fundamental system of modeled behavior from ancient texts formed its philosophical core.

The phrase " virtue jurisprudence " is usually applied in the context of contemporary Western philosophical thinking about law.

Yet another contemporary meaning proposed by Dale Jacquette is that philosophical logic is philosophy in which any recognized methods of logic are used to solve or advance the discussion of philosophical problems.