In contrast, the experimentally verified Standard Model of particle physics is based on three independent interactions, symmetries and coupling constants.

In contrast to classical mechanics, where accurate measurements and predictions can be calculated about location and velocity, in the quantum mechanics of a subatomic particle, one can never specify its state, such as its simultaneous location and velocity, with complete certainty ( this is called the Heisenberg uncertainty principle ).

In contrast to Niels Bohr, who proposed a statistical version of the conservation laws to explain the phenomenon, Pauli hypothesized an undetected particle that he called a " neutron " in keeping with convention employed for naming both the proton and the electron, which in 1930 were known to be respective products for alpha and beta decay.

In special relativity, a faster than light particle would have space-like four-momentum ,, in contrast to ordinary particles that have time-like four-momentum.

The basis is the acoustic radiation force, a non-linear effect which causes particles to be attracted to either the nodes or anti-nodes of the standing wave depending on the acoustic contrast factor, which is a function of the sound velocities and densities of the particle and of the medium in which the particle is immersed.

) Also, in contrast to MACHOs, there are no known stable particles within the standard model of particle physics that have all the properties of WIMPs.

This interpretation was in contrast to De Broglie ’ s own interpretation, in which the wave corresponds to the physical motion of a localized particle.

In contrast, when using just the electromagnetic four-potential ( Φ, A ) the effect only depends on the ( Φ, A ) potential in the region where the test particle is allowed.

The ESL literature ( English as a second language ), in contrast, tends to employ the term phrasal verb to encompass both prepositional and particle verbs.

In contrast to a classical particle, there is non-vanishing probability that it crosses a region of potential energy higher than its own energy.

In chemistry, nuclear physics, and particle physics, inelastic scattering is a fundamental scattering process in which the kinetic energy of an incident particle is not conserved ( in contrast to elastic scattering ).

In systems with large particle numbers, in contrast, usually only statistically averaged or collective quantities about the system can be measured.

The " Stern " ( German for star ) refers to the board's star shape ( in contrast to the square board used in Halma ).

In contrast to Amundsen's earlier expeditions, this expedition had a clear academic profile, with geophysicist Harald Sverdrup on board.

The " edge of world problem " raises the issue of what to do at the artificial boundary of the physical edge of a board game, in contrast to real life where there is no " edge " and units off-board can have a tangible effect on a scenario.

The diphthong is retained before inflectional endings, so that board and pause can contrast with bored and paws

By contrast, generalized games that can last for a number of moves that is polynomial in the size of the board are often PSPACE-complete.

In contrast to rearrangement puzzles, however, transport puzzles have all persons and objects follow certain routes given on the board ; they cannot be lifted off the board and placed on faraway positions that have no visible connection to the from-position.

In contrast, the board of one of the ELCA's partner churches, October 2009, the Evangelical Mekane Yesus Fellowship in North America, voted to declare disunity with the ELCA.

In contrast to a corporation sole, a corporation aggregate consists of two or more persons, typically run by a board of directors.

In contrast, civil townships in Indiana are operated in a relatively consistent manner state-wide and tend to be well organized, with each served by a township trustee and a three-member board.

In contrast, on smaller, order-driven markets such as the JSE Securities Exchange it can be difficult to determine the buying and selling prices of even a small block of stocks that lack a clear and immediate market value because there are often no buyers or sellers on the order board.

He also felt that President & CEO Brandon Ebel " never liked us " and that in contrast to their A & R, he " was never really totally on board ".

Différance, instead, focuses on the play of presence and absence, and, in effecting a concentration of certain thinking, Derrida takes on board the thought of Freud's unconscious ( the trace ), Heidegger's destruction of ontotheology, Nietzsche's play of forces, and Bataille's notion of sacrifice in contrast to Hegel's Aufheben.

In contrast, corporate shareholders have to elect a board of directors under the laws of various state charters.

In contrast to other elections, not all members of the water board are chosen by the residents of the water board area.

Another measure is the ANSI contrast, in which the measurement is done with a checker board patterned test image where the black and white luminosity values are measured simultaneously.

The Type 3 followed the Type 1, utilizing a low-profile version of Volkswagen's rear-engined, 4-cylinder air-cooled engine as well as body on chassis construction while featuring ponton in contrast to the Type 1's articulated fender and running board styling.

By contrast, in the chemical etch process, the quality of a circuit board depends on the accuracy and / or quality of the photomasking and the state of the etching chemicals.

In contrast to wall clocks, whose movements were attached to the back board, the shelf clock had its movement supported by a seat board.

Because each early move is typically isolated, and neither forced nor forcing, patterns for play on the whole board have seen much less systematic study than for joseki, which in contrast often involve contact plays which require specific and immediate responses.

This is in contrast with contemporary carving methodology that indicates that one's torso should stay at an angle midway between the angles of the two bindings, and also with the old school technique where the torso faces the nose of the board at all times.

In contrast, the CPS board is appointed by the mayor, essentially making the entire system completely accountable to the mayor.

By contrast, in ceremonial monarchies, the monarch holds little actual power or direct political influence.

Egoism and altruism both contrast with ethical utilitarianism, which holds that a moral agent should treat one's self ( also known as the subject ) with no higher regard than one has for others ( as egoism does, by elevating self-interests and " the self " to a status not granted to others ), but that one also should not ( as altruism does ) sacrifice one's own interests to help others ' interests, so long as one's own interests ( i. e. one's own desires or well-being ) are substantially equivalent to the others ' interests and well-being.

By contrast with empiricism and idealism, which emphasize the epistemologically privileged status of sense data ( empirical ) and the primacy of Reason ( theoretical ) respectively, modern rationalism adds a third ' system of thinking ', ( as Gaston Bachelard has termed these areas ) and holds that all three are of equal importance: The empirical, the theoretical and the abstract.

A skilled fighter, in contrast, can perform takedowns as a way of progressing to a superior position such as a mount or side control, or using clinch holds and ground positions to set up strikes, choke holds, and joint locks.

Egoism and altruism both contrast with ethical utilitarianism, which holds that a moral agent should treat one's self ( also known as the subject ) with no higher regard than one has for others ( as egoism does, by elevating self-interests and " the self " to a status not granted to others ), but that one also should not ( as altruism does ) sacrifice one's own interests to help others ' interests, so long as one's own interests ( i. e. one's own desires or well-being ) are substantially-equivalent to the others ' interests and well-being.

* Legal positivism, by contrast to natural law, holds that there is no necessary connection between law and morality and that the force of law comes from some basic social facts although positivists differ on what those facts are.

This implies that only the soul of Adam was created directly by God ( with Eve's substance, material and immaterial, being taken from out of Adam ), in contrast with creationism ( not to be confused with creationism as a belief about the origin of the material universe ), which holds that all souls are created directly by God ( with Eve's substance, material and immaterial, being taken from out of Adam ).

Screw-on holds are, by contrast, usually much smaller, owing to the nature of their fixing.

Moral absolutism stands in contrast to other categories of normative ethical theories such as consequentialism, which holds that the morality ( in the wide sense ) of an act depends on the consequences or the context of the act.

In contrast, the amphora holds under a half-ton, typically less than 100 pounds.

In contrast, a medical examiner is typically a physician who holds the degree of Doctor of Medicine or Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine.

Summers can be hot, with temperatures often approaching or exceeding 30 degrees Celsius ; winters, by contrast, are often bitterly cold-the township of Ranfurly in Central Otago holds the New Zealand record for lowest temperature with a reading of-25. 6 ° C on 18 July 1903.

In contrast to Richard Rubenstein's most well-known views, Fackenheim holds that people must still affirm their belief in God and God's continued role in the world.

* Absolute space, a theory holding that space exists absolutely, in contrast to relationalism, which holds that space exists only as relations between objects

In contrast, most of what is said about morphology and syntax also holds true for Chakhar, while Khorchin is somewhat more diverse.

In contrast, an abolitionist view in animal rights holds that there is no moral justification for any harmful research on animals that is not to the benefit of the individual animal.

This is often viewed in contrast to Safe, Sane, and Consensual which generally holds that only activities that are considered safe, sane, and consensual are permitted.

By contrast, Epicurus holds that virtue is the means to achieve happiness.

In contrast to a Western balance sheet, Chinese accounting standards do not include an accounting of the debts that a corporation holds, and are less suitable for management control than for accounting for tax purposes.

In contrast, Marxist socialism and revolutionary socialism holds that a socialist revolution is the only practical way to implement fundamental changes in the structure of society.

In contrast to his description of the natives as " little beasts ", the narrator labels the elephant as a " great beast ", suggesting he holds it in higher esteem than the locals.

Cambridge University Library, referred to within the University as " the University Library " or just " the UL ", is the central research library, which holds over 8 million volumes and, in contrast with the Bodleian or the British Library, many of its books are available on open shelves.

She is also mentioned in the Lotus Sutra and often depicted holding a biwa, a traditional Japanese lute, in contrast to Saraswati who holds a stringed instrument known as a veena.

In contrast to intrinsic-value theories, which tend to support the conclusion either that wealth creation is impossible ( zero-sum ), or that wealth creation is possible only by the application of labor, the subjective-value theory holds that one can create value simply by transferring ownership of a thing to someone who values it more highly, without necessarily modifying that thing.