" He further asserts that because the Roman Catholic Church does not recognise the Church of England as an apostolic church, a Roman Catholic monarch who abided by their faith's doctrine would be obliged to view Anglican and Church of Scotland archbishops, bishops, and clergy as part of the laity and therefore " lacking the ordained authority to preach and celebrate the sacraments.

Supporters of this view believe that “ to a hypothetical outside reader, presents Christianity as enlightened, harmless, even beneficent .” Some believe that through this work, Luke intended to show the Roman Empire that the root of Christianity is within Judaism so that the Christians “ may receive the same freedom to practice their faith that the Roman Empire afforded the Jews .” Those who support the view of Luke ’ s work as political apology generally draw evidence from the facts that Christians are found innocent of committing any political crime ( Acts 25: 25 ; 19: 37 ; 19: 40 ) and that Roman officials ’ views towards Christians are generally positive.

Also, supporters of this view would characterize Luke ’ s portrayal of the Roman Empire as positive because they believe Luke “ glosses over negative aspects of the empire and presents imperial power positively .” For example, when Paul is before the council defending himself, Paul says that he is “ on trial concerning the hope of the resurrection of the dead ” ( Acts 23: 6 ).

Some scholars believe that the apologetic view of Luke ’ s work is overemphasized and that it should not be regarded as a “ major aim of the Lucan writings .” While Munck believes that purpose of Luke ’ s work is not that clear-cut and sympathizes with other claims, he believes that Luke ’ s work can function as an apology only in the sense that it “ presents a defense of Christianity and Paul ” and may serve to “ clarify the position of Christianity within Jewry and within the Roman Empire .” Pervo disagrees that Luke ’ s work is an apology and even that it could possibly be addressed to Rome because he believes that “ Luke and Acts speak to insiders, believers in Jesus .” Freedman believes that Luke is writing an apology but that his goal is “ not to defend the Christian movement as such but to defend God ’ s ways in history .”

This view mainly says that Luke is writing to the church in order to legitimate their Christian beliefs and to show that faith in Christ is compatible with allegiance to the Roman Empire.

Esler, who advanced this legitimation view, has suggested that in Luke ’ s community there were Roman officials who were recent converts and they wanted to make sure that their new found faith could successfully coexist with their allegiance to the empire.

Many who side with this view disagree that Luke portrays Christianity or the Roman Empire as harmless and thus reject the apologetic view because “ Acts does not present Christians as politically harmless or law abiding for there are a large number of public controversies concerning Christianity, particularly featuring Paul .” For example, to support this view Cassidy references how Paul is accused of going against the Emperor because he is “ saying that there is another king named Jesus .” ( Acts 17: 7 ) Furthermore, there are multiple examples of Paul ’ s preaching causing uprisings in various cities ( Acts 14: 2 ; 14: 19 ; 16: 19-23 ; 17: 5 ; 17: 13-14 ; 19: 28-40 ; 21: 27 ).

By picturing Roman authority negatively proponents of this view believe that it is emphasizing the fact that Christian ’ s should obey and submit to Christ ’ s authority ( Acts 4: 19-20 ; 5: 29 ).

This view claims that Luke was uninterested in the politics of the Roman Empire but rather his main focus is on the power of God and building up the Kingdom of God.

Supporters of this view believe that the Roman Empire does not threaten the spread of the gospel of Jesus Christ because Luke “ simply recognizes its existence as a political reality, but he is clear that God is greater .” Throughout Acts, believers like Paul are being charged with spiritual crimes concerning “ teaching against Israel, the law, and the temple ” ( Acts 21: 21, 28 ; 23: 29 ; 24: 5 ; 25: 8, 19 ; 28: 17 ) or being a civil disturbance ( Acts 16: 20, 21: 38, 25: 8 ) rather than political charges.

The policy had the triple benefit, from the Roman point of view, of weakening the hostile tribe, repopulating the plague-ravaged frontier provinces ( bringing their abandoned fields back into cultivation ) and providing a pool of first-rate recruits for the army.

The obscure and extravagant imagery has led to a wide variety of interpretations: historicist interpretations see in Revelation a broad view of history ; preterist interpretations treat Revelation as mostly referring to the events of the apostolic era ( 1st century ), or -- at the latest -- the fall of the Roman Empire ; futurists believe that Revelation describes future events ; and idealist or symbolic interpretations consider that Revelation does not refer to actual people or events, but is an allegory of the spiritual path and the ongoing struggle between good and evil.

Gregory VII ( pope 1073 – 1085 ), too, simplified the liturgy as performed at the Roman court, and gave his abridgment the name of Breviary, which thus came to denote a work which from another point of view might be called a Plenary, involving as it did the collection of several works into one.

As Augustus, he would retain the trappings of a restored Republican leader ; however, historians generally view this consolidation of power and the adoption of these honorifics as the end of the Roman Republic and the beginning of the Roman Empire.

Outer view of the Roman Empire | Roman Pantheon, Rome | Pantheon, still the largest unreinforced solid concrete dome.

The " liberal arts " or " liberal pursuits " ( Latin liberalia studia ) were already so called in formal education during the Roman Empire ; for example, Seneca the Younger discusses liberal arts in education from a critical Stoic point of view in Moral Epistle 88.

After 1871 Masurians who expressed sympathy for Poland were deemed " national traitors " by German nationalists ( this increased especially after 1918 ) According to Stefan Berger after 1871 the Masurians in the German Empire were seen in a view that while acknowledging their " objective " Polishness ( in terms of culture and language ) they felt " subjectively " German and thus should be tightly integrated into German nation-state ; to Berger this argument went directly against the German nationalist demands in Alsace where Alsatians were declared German despite their " subjective " choice.

In the primary logo, designed by sports cartoonist Ray Gatto, each part of the skyline has special meaning — at the left is a church spire, symbolic of Brooklyn, the borough of churches ; the second building from the left is the Williamsburg Savings Bank, the tallest building in Brooklyn ; next is the Woolworth Building ; after a general skyline view of midtown comes the Empire State Building ; at the far right is the United Nations Building.

The historian's object was to account for the decline of the Roman Empire from the pagan point of view.

The ostensible subjects under consideration were the establishment of peace between France, Venice and the Empire, with a view to an expedition against the Turks, and the ecclesiastical affairs of France.

In the view of Dio Cassius, a contemporary observer, his accession marked the descent " from a kingdom of gold to one of rust and iron "— a famous comment which has led some historians, notably Edward Gibbon, to take Commodus ' reign as the beginning of the decline of the Roman Empire.

It was also, according to one common view, the subject of British promises to the Arabs ( creation of a large Pan-Arab state ; promised to the Sharif of Mecca in exchange for Arab help fighting the Ottoman Empire ) during World War I.

With order now restored throughout the Empire, Franz Joseph felt free to go back on the constitutional concessions he had made, especially as the Austrian parliament, meeting at Kremsier, had behaved, in the young Emperor's view, abominably.

These factors, compounded with the presence of the colonial British authorities in India who had overthrown the Muslim Mughal Empire, led Muslims to view the presence of Ahmadis as a fifth column serving the British colonizers, and as a threat to " true " Islam.

There was a light in Black's front room, but drawn curtains prevented any view of the interior.

Citizens took the view that a lawman was expected to risk his life on the odd occasion anyway, but this fighting fury of a man risked it regularly over a period of half a century.

The only extended view possible to anyone less tall than the fences was that obtained from an upper bough of the apple tree.

Ann was entranced with the view, as were her husband and friends.

From the point of view of popularity the best-known member of the Commission was Walter Camp, the Yale athlete whose sobriquet was `` the father of American football ''.

Though Garibaldi's fight was small shakes compared to Pickett's Charge -- which, like all Southerners, I view in almost Miltonic terms, fallen angels, etc. -- I associated the two.

What Mr. Kennedy, in fact, wrote was: `` It is the Department's view that no anti-trust enforcement considerations justify any loss of revenue of this proportion ''.

The unabashed sexuality of so many of his paintings was not the only thing that kept the public at bay: his view of the world was one of almost unrelieved tragedy, and it was too much even for morbid-minded Vienna.

Therefore, he decided he was unfair to the young man and should make an effort to understand and sympathize with his point of view.

From the point of view of the applicants, less time was wasted in being evaluated -- and they got a meal out of it as well as some insights into their performances.

There followed a long and sometimes bitter discussion of the feasibility of elections for the fall of 1957, in which it appears that the Minister of the Interior took the most pessimistic view and that the Istiqlal was something less than enthusiastic.

In this view, supported by only three members of the Court, a power denied by the specific provisions of Article 3, was granted by the generality of Article 1.

In a brief chapter dealing with `` Various Other Diagnoses '', he quotes isolated passages from some writers whose views seem to corroborate his own, and finds it `` most remarkable that a critical view of twentieth-century society was already held by a number of thinkers living in the nineteenth.

One day when he attended a war memorial ceremony in Westminster Abbey his view was obstructed by a stout man on his left, his attention turned to the irregular pattern of the rough slab flooring and someone, clasping him by the arm, whispered, `` I want a word with you, please ''.

That sort of braggadocio, for that sort of reason, in the view of Torrio and Capone, was a nonsense.

The prevailing view in the industry was summed up in 1912 by a group of auto makers who told a Senate committee: `` The exceedingly unsatisfactory and uselessly expensive conditions, including delays surrounding legal disputes, particularly in patent litigation, are items of industrial burden which must be written large in figures of many millions of dollars of industrial waste ''.

In view of Eisenhower's reluctance to concede that anything was amiss in the Terror, it is doubtful that heroic intervention by Dulles could have produced anything but disaster for him and the country's foreign policy.

The Chinese world view during the Han dynasty, when the Lo Shu seems to have been at the height of its popularity, was based in large part on the teachings of the Yin-Yang and Five-Elements School, which was traditionally founded by Tsou Yen.

Now this 1920 view of the atom was on the whole a discouraging picture.

Another source of NBC pride was its rare film clip of Bix Beiderbecke, but this view of the great trumpeter flew by so fast that a prolonged wink would have blotted out the entire glimpse.

Several of the sights on her trip inspired her, and they found their way into her poem, including the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, the " White City " with its promise of the future contained within its alabaster buildings ; the wheat fields of America's heartland Kansas, through which her train was riding on July 16 ; and the majestic view of the Great Plains from high atop Zebulon's Pikes Peak.