This is an unsolved problem which probably has never been seriously investigated, although one frequently hears the comment that we have insufficient specialists of the kind who can compete with the Germans or Swiss, for example, in precision machinery and mathematics, or the Finns in geochemistry.

Next September, after receiving a degree from Yale's Master of Arts in Teaching Program, I will be teaching somewhere -- that much is guaranteed by the present shortage of mathematics teachers.

But because science is based on mathematics doesn't mean that a hot rodder must necessarily be a mathematician.

Like primitive numbers in mathematics, the entire axiological framework is taken to rest upon its operational worth.

In the new situation, philosophy is able to provide the social sciences with the same guidance that mathematics offers the physical sciences, a reservoir of logical relations that can be used in framing hypotheses having explanatory and predictive value.

So, too, is the mathematical competence of a college graduate who has majored in mathematics.

The principal of the school announced that -- despite the help of private tutors in Hollywood and Philadelphia -- Fabian is a 10-o'clock scholar in English and mathematics.

In mathematics and statistics, the arithmetic mean, or simply the mean or average when the context is clear, is the central tendency of a collection of numbers taken as the sum of the numbers divided by the size of the collection.

The term " arithmetic mean " is preferred in mathematics and statistics because it helps distinguish it from other means such as the geometric and harmonic mean.

In addition to mathematics and statistics, the arithmetic mean is used frequently in fields such as economics, sociology, and history, though it is used in almost every academic field to some extent.

The use of the soroban is still taught in Japanese primary schools as part of mathematics, primarily as an aid to faster mental calculation.

In mathematics and computer science, an algorithm ( originating from al-Khwārizmī, the famous Persian mathematician Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī ) is a step-by-step procedure for calculations.

In mathematics, the axiom of choice, or AC, is an axiom of set theory equivalent to the statement that " the product of a collection of non-empty sets is non-empty ".

The axiom of choice is avoided in some varieties of constructive mathematics, although there are varieties of constructive mathematics in which the axiom of choice is embraced.

The axiom of choice has also been thoroughly studied in the context of constructive mathematics, where non-classical logic is employed.

:" A choice function exists in constructive mathematics, because a choice is implied by the very meaning of existence.

Although the axiom of countable choice in particular is commonly used in constructive mathematics, its use has also been questioned.

One of the most interesting aspects of the axiom of choice is the large number of places in mathematics that it shows up.

There is no prize awarded for mathematics, but see Abel Prize.

The anthropic principle is often criticized for lacking falsifiability and therefore critics of the anthropic principle may point out that the anthropic principle is a non-scientific concept, even though the weak anthropic principle, " conditions that are observed in the universe must allow the observer to exist ", is " easy " to support in mathematics and philosophy, i. e. it is a tautology or truism

Abstraction in mathematics is the process of extracting the underlying essence of a mathematical concept, removing any dependence on real world objects with which it might originally have been connected, and generalizing it so that it has wider applications or matching among other abstract descriptions of equivalent phenomena.

These ideas are part of the basis of concept of a limit in mathematics, and this connection is explained more fully below.

* Catalan number, a concept in mathematics

* Catalan solid, a concept in mathematics

Although a " bijection " seems a more advanced concept than a number, the usual development of mathematics in terms of set theory defines functions before numbers, as they are based on much simpler sets.

The term compact was introduced into mathematics by Maurice Fréchet in 1906 as a distillation of this concept.

* Cardinal number, a concept in mathematics

* Signed measure, in mathematics, a generalization of the concept of a measure that is allowed to have negative values

" The word " mathematics " may have originally been plural in concept, referring to mathematic endeavors, but metonymic shift — that is, the shift in concept from " the endeavors " to " the whole set of endeavors "— produced the usage of " mathematics " as a singular entity taking singular verb forms.

A dynamical system is a concept in mathematics where a fixed rule describes the time dependence of a point in a geometrical space.

* FBI transform, for Fourier-Bros-Iaglonitzer transform, a concept in mathematics

Prior to this work, the concept of a set was a rather elementary one that had been used implicitly since the beginnings of mathematics, dating back to the ideas of Aristotle.

While extending the notion of number by means of his revolutionary concept of infinite cardinality, Cantor was paradoxically opposed to theories of infinitesimals of his contemporaries Otto Stolz and Paul du Bois-Reymond, describing them as both " an abomination " and " a cholera bacillus of mathematics ".

* Integration, in mathematics, a fundamental concept of calculus — the operation of calculating the area between the curve of a function on the x-axis or y-axis

Integration is an important concept in mathematics and, together with its inverse, differentiation, is one of the two main operations in calculus.

Recursive functions are a fundamental concept within computer science and mathematics.

The concept has been given an axiomatic mathematical derivation in probability theory, which is used widely in such areas of study as mathematics, statistics, finance, gambling, science, artificial intelligence / machine learning and philosophy to, for example, draw inferences about the expected frequency of events.

In advanced mathematics, polynomials are used to construct polynomial rings, a central concept in abstract algebra and algebraic geometry.

The concept of prime number is so important that it has been generalized in different ways in various branches of mathematics.

In mathematics, logic, and formal systems, a primitive notion is an undefined concept.

In mathematics, a projective plane is a geometric structure that extends the concept of a plane.