The Alexander technique aims to teach people how to stand, hold themselves and move differently in order to eliminate unnecessary tension in their bodies.

The Alexander technique has been shown to be helpful for people suffering from tension headaches, back pain, frozen shoulders, housemaid's knee, flat feet, tennis elbow, minor digestive problems, asthma, difficulties sleeping, clumsiness, irritability and lethargy.

The purpose of the Alexander technique is to help people unlearn bad physical habits and return to a balanced state of rest and poise in which the body is well-aligned.

The technique is named after actor Frederick Matthias Alexander, who developed its principles in the 1890s as a personal tool to alleviate breathing problems and hoarseness during public speaking.

Alexander also taught his brother's technique.

As an example among performance-art applications, the Alexander technique is used and taught by classically trained vocal coaches and musicians.

There is evidence that the Alexander technique is effective and cost-effective in the management of chronic pain.

However, in 2004, Maher concluded that " Physical treatments, such as acupuncture, backschool, hydrotherapy, lumbar supports, magnets, TENS, traction, ultrasound, Pilates therapy, Feldenkrais therapy, Alexander technique, and craniosacral therapy are either of unknown value or ineffective and so should not be considered " when treating lower back pain with an evidence-based approach.

Practicing the Alexander technique cannot affect skeletal deformities once they occur ( such as arthritis, osteoporosis ) or halt the progress of other diseases affecting movement ability, ( such as Parkinson's, etc.

The American philosopher and educator John Dewey became impressed with the Alexander technique after his headaches, neck pains, blurred vision, and stress symptoms largely improved during the time he used Alexander's advice to change his posture.

The Feldenkrais Method and the Mitzvah Technique were both influenced by the Alexander technique, in the form of study previous to the originators founding their own disciplines.

Alexander Pope uses this technique for humorous effect in the following lines from The Rape of the Lock:

Stillman, with the assistance of Dr. Alexander Gode, developed a prototyping technique – an objective methodology for selecting and standardizing vocabulary based on a comparison of control languages.

* Alexander technique

* See Alexander technique for Direction, a concept in the Alexander Technique

Special classes focusing on topics such as fight choreography, audition techniques, taxes and personal finance, Alexander technique, performer's stress management, public relations, and agent representation are conducted by experts in their field.

The development of release technique has strands in therapeutic movement techniques, such as Feldenkrais, Alexander Technique, Cranio-Sacral Therapy etc.

Ross dedicated the first episode of the second season of The Joy of Painting to William Alexander, explaining that " years ago, Bill taught me this fantastic technique, and I feel as though he gave me a precious gift, and I'd like to share that gift with you viewer ".

The society publishes an edition of Tönnies ′ complete works which has been reconstructed using the " textual criticism " technique ( Ferdinand Tönnies Gesamtausgabe, 24 vols., edited by Lars Clausen (-2010 ), Alexander Deichsel, Cornelius Bickel, Rolf Fechner (-2006 ,) Carsten Schlüter-Knauer, and Uwe Carstens ( 2006 – ); Berlin and New York, Walter de Gruyter 1998-).

The better known forms of manipulative bodywork include Alexander technique, Applied Kinesiology, Bioenergetics, Bowen technique, Chiropractic, Feldenkrais method, Polarity therapy, Postural Integration ( PI ), Reflexology, Rolfing, Shiatsu, Structural Integration, Somatic Experiencing, Trager Approach, Rebalancing.

F. M. Alexander the creator of the Alexander technique was born on the northern bank of the Inglis River at a settlement called Alexandria, situated about three km upstream from the river mouth.

While considering writing a new Latin-Danish lexicon, he wrote a replacement for the 300-year-old Latin grammar, Doctrinale, written in 1199 by Alexander of Villedieu, and still used as standard in the schools of Denmark at that time.

The Bolsheviks, founded by Vladimir Lenin and Alexander Bogdanov, were by 1905 a mass organization consisting primarily of workers under a democratic internal hierarchy governed by the principle of democratic centralism, who considered themselves the leaders of the revolutionary working class of Russia.

He is credited by many researchers with being the first to demonstrate the principle of the telephone ; however, considerable controversy exists relative to the priority of invention, with Alexander Graham Bell also being accorded this distinction.

This principle had been established many years earlier by Alexander Hamilton:

BYU historian Thomas G. Alexander points out that while the original Word of Wisdom as a " principle with promise " was given by revelation, there is no evidence that any church leader has claimed a separate new revelation, or even a spiritual confirmation, of changing the Word of Wisdom from " a principle with promise " to a commandment.

His position on suffrage also led to a conflict within the ARP: a group around Alexander de Savornin Lohman was opposed on principle to universal suffrage because they rejected popular sovereignty ; they left the ARP to found the CHU in 1901.

Members of the principally British " Associationist School ", including John Locke, David Hume, David Hartley, James Mill, John Stuart Mill, Alexander Bain and Ivan Pavlov, asserted that the principle applied to all or most mental processes.

Legal permission to reprint the works was obtained from every author except Alexander Grothendieck himself, who cannot be contacted ; it was decided to proceed without his explicit agreement on the grounds that his refusal for the SGA to be re-published by Springer-Verlag was an objection against Springer and not one of principle.

Alexander Pope made the Genius Loci an important principle in garden and landscape ( see bagh ) design with the following lines from Epistle IV, to Richard Boyle, Earl of Burlington:

W. W. Tarn slated him for his " complete lack of historical principle "-a view that John Yardley suggests has a lot to do with how Curtius discredited Alexander.

* 1964 — Nikolay Basov, Alexander Prokhorov: " for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle ".

Also Alexander R. Pruss argued the principle of sufficient reason relating with " ex nihilo nihil fit ".

Another planning theorist, Christopher Alexander, refers to this principle in his theory of Independent Regions in A Pattern Language:

For Alexander, the " directing agency " or entelechy is found " in the principle or plan ".

Monro's original appointment as professor was only at the pleasure of the Town Council, but in 1722, encouraged by his success, he applied for a permanent status, and although the council had as lately as August 1719 reaffirmed the principle that regentships and professor ships were to be held at their pleasure, nevertheless they departed from it and by resolution of March 14, 1722, nominated Alexander Monro sole Professor of Anatomy in the City and College.

Mr. Alexander H. Wheelan's Study Helps In Point And Figure Technique tells the readers: `` We assure you that the total number of people using this method of market analysis is a very small portion of the sum total of those operating in the securities and commodities markets ''.

Aristotle's influence over Alexander the Great is seen in the latter's bringing with him on his expedition a host of zoologists, botanists, and researchers.

The writer, whose name is revealed as F. Alexander, shelters Alex and questions him about the conditioning.

During this sequence, it is revealed that Mrs. Alexander died from the injuries inflicted during the gang-rape, and her husband has decided to continue living " where her fragrant memory persists " despite the horrid memories.

With Alexander safely packed off to a mental institution, Alex is offered a well-paying job if he agrees to side with the government.

is: Alexander Graham Bell

Expanding upon Foucault's position, Alexander Nehamas writes that Foucault suggests " an author [...] is whoever can be understood to have produced a particular text as we interpret it ", not necessarily who penned the text.

* 1820 – Alexander Ypsilantis is declared leader of Filiki Eteria, a secret organization to overthrow Ottoman rule over Greece.

The first undoubted instance is the bull by which Alexander II in 1063 granted the use of the mitre to Egelsinus, abbot of the monastery of St Augustine at Canterbury.

Russian dissident Alexander Litvinenko's 2006 murder by radiation poisoning is thought to have been carried out with polonium-210, an alpha emitter.

In a famous passage that is often considered the first specimen of alternative history, Livy speculates on what would have been the outcome of a military showdown between Alexander the Great and the Roman Republic.

The murder of Alexander is assigned by Diodorus to 357 / 356 BC.

Alexander is apparently mentioned in the Edicts of Ashoka, as one of the recipients of the Indian Emperor Ashoka's Buddhist proselytism, although no Western historical record of this event remains.

It is important to note that Alexander was the last known ruler of the Gediminids dynasty to have maintained the family's ancestral Lithuanian language.

Alexander is depicted troubled by his lack of direct heirs, having no child with his wife Sybilla of Normandy.

is: Alexander 2.

Alexander became separated from his guides and it is assumed that in the dark his horse lost its footing.

This novel is the first of a series of novels primarily about the life and times of Robert the Bruce however it covers Alexander III and the circumstances surrounding his death in some detail.

is: Alexander 3.

Alexander contends that the undeveloped reason in man is material ( nous hulikos ) and inseparable from the body.

It is unlikely that Alexander wrote all of the Quaestiones, some may be Alexander's own explanations, while others may be exercises by his students.

It is likely that the work was not written by Alexander himself, but rather by his pupils on the basis of debates involving Alexander.

On Fate is a treatise in which Alexander argues against the Stoic doctrine of necessity.

is: Alexander frá Afrodísías