In 1400, the Central Asian warlord Timur had succeeded in rousing the local Turkic beyliks that had been vassals of the Ottomans to join him in his attack on Bayezid, who was considered one of the most powerful rulers in the Muslim world during that period.

In contrast, Bartók and Kodály discovered that the old Magyar folk melodies were based on pentatonic scales, similar to those in Asian folk traditions, such as those of Central Asia, Anatolia and Siberia.

Early representations of the balalaika show it with anywhere from two to six strings, which resembles certain Central Asian instruments.

Similarly, frets on earlier balalaikas were made of animal gut and tied to the neck so that they could be moved around by the player at will ( as is the case with the modern saz, which allows for the microtonal playing distinctive to Turkish and Central Asian music ).

The scope of the Department of Asia is extremely broad, its collections of over 75, 000 objects covers the material culture of the whole Asian continent ( from East, South, Central and South-East Asia ) and from the Neolithic up to the present day.

The monsoonal airflows are caused by annual alternating high pressure and low pressure over the Central Asian landmass.

Costa Rica major economic resources are its fertile land and frequent rainfall, its well-educated population, and its location in the Central American isthmus, which provides easy access to North and South American markets and direct ocean access to the European and Asian Continents.

Central Asia is the core region of the Asian continent and stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to China in the east and from Afghanistan in the south to Russia in the north.

However, the Russian culture has two distinct terms: Средняя Азия ( Srednjaja Azija or " Middle Asia ", the narrower definition, which includes only those traditionally non-Slavic, Central Asian lands that were incorporated within those borders of historical Russia ) and Центральная Азия ( Central ' naja Azija or " Central Asia ", the wider definition, which includes Central Asian lands that have never been part of historical Russia ).

Soon after independence, the leaders of the four former Soviet Central Asian Republics met in Tashkent and declared that the definition of Central Asia should include Kazakhstan as well as the original four included by the Soviets.

), Azad Kashmir and Punjab provinces of Pakistan, Punjab, Kashmir and Ladakh of India, central-east Russia south of the Taiga, and the former Central Asian Soviet republics ( the five " Stans " of the former Soviet Union ).

Cavalry techniques were an innovation of equestrian nomads of the Central Asian and Iranian steppe and pastoralist tribes such as the Persian Parthians and Sarmatians.

Emperor Wu of Han ( r. 141 BC-87 BC ) went to war with the Dayuan for this reason, since the Dayuan were hording a massive amount of tall, strong, Central Asian bred horses in the Hellenized – Greek region of Fergana ( established slightly earlier by Alexander the Great ).

Indian literature contains numerous references to the cavalry forces of the Central Asian horse nomads like the Sakas, Kambojas, Yavanas, Pahlavas and Paradas.

The Canchim breed is a breed of beef cattle developed in Central Brazil by crossing European Charolais cattle with Indubrazil cattle already kept in Brazil where Asian Zebu type cattle are best suited to the tropical conditions.

The first full-length feature produced under the BFI's new scheme was Kevin Brownlow and Andrew Mollo's Winstanley ( 1975 ), while others included Moon Over the Alley ( 1975 ), Requiem for a Village ( 1975 ), the openly avant-garde Central Bazaar ( 1973 ), Pressure ( 1975 ) and A Private Enterprise ( 1974 ) -- the last two being, respectively, the first British Black and Asian features.

Like most of Central America, Honduras in the 1990s began to woo foreign investors, mostly Asian clothing assembly firms, and it held high hopes for revenue to be generated by privatizing national industries.

The family Plethodontidae are also found in Central and South America north of the Amazon Basin.

Caecilians are found in tropical Africa, Asia and Central and South America.

Afghanistan ( Persian / Pashto:, Afġānistān ), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country forming part of South Asia, Central Asia, and to some extent Western Asia.

* Cape Verde, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Niger, Togo, Central African Republic, São Tomé and Príncipe, South Sudan, Djibouti, Kenya, Somalia, Uganda, Angola, Comoros, Mauritius, Lesotho, Swaziland, Botswana

In Central and South America, the alligator family is represented by five species of the genus Caiman, which differs from the alligator by the absence of a bony septum between the nostrils, and the ventral armour is composed of overlapping bony scutes, each of which is formed of two parts united by a suture.

Mitochondrial DNA haplogroup Y is otherwise found mainly among Nivkhs, and with lower frequency among Tungusic peoples, Koreans, Mongols ( including Kalmyks and Buryats ), Chinese, Japanese, Central Asians, South Siberian Turkic peoples ( e. g. Tuvans, Todjins, Soyots ), Koryaks, Alyutors, Itelmens, Taiwanese aborigines, Filipinos, Indonesians, and Malaysians.

Game reserves have, however, been established in South Africa, British Central Africa, British East Africa, Somaliland, etc., while measures for the protection of wild animals were laid down in an international convention signed in May 1900.

However, some immigrants from African, Caribbean, Central American and South American nations, and their descendants, may be identified or self-identify with the term.

Until late 2002 it served Mexico, Central America, South America and all of the Caribbean.

LACNIC now handles parts of the Caribbean, Mexico, Central America, and South America.

The Bahamas is ranked 7th out of 29 countries in the South and Central America / Caribbean region, and its overall score is higher than the regional and world averages.

* Sierra Leone, Ghana, Togo, Central African Republic, South Sudan, Rwanda, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, Seychelles, Madagascar, Somalia

* Easternmost point-the tripoint with South Africa and Zimbabwe, Central District

country code-55 ; landing point for a number of submarine cables, including Atlantis 2, that provide direct links to South and Central America, the Caribbean, the US, Africa, and Europe ; satellite earth stations-3 Intelsat ( Atlantic Ocean ), 1 Inmarsat ( Atlantic Ocean region east ), connected by microwave relay system to Mercosur Brazilsat B3 satellite earth station ( 2007 )

In addition to consolidating its power within South America, Brazil has sought to expand its influence in the broader region by increasing its engagement in the Caribbean and Central America.

Baseball is now popular in North America, parts of Central and South America and the Caribbean, and parts of East Asia.

An unknown number of African-Americans played in the major leagues by representing themselves as Indians, or South or Central Americans.

In 1958, the province of Central Kalimantan separated from South Kalimantan as its own territory.

File: BM ; RM8-ANE, Nimrud Palace Reliefs 75 South + East Wall ( S ) ~ Central Palace of Tiglath-pileser III ( 744-727 B. C ) + Full Elevation & Viewing South. 1. JPG | Room 8-Pair of Lamassu from Nimrud & reliefs from the palace of Tiglath-Pileser III

These species are found throughout tropical and subtropical South and Central America.

: International: Landing points for the MAYA-1, Eastern Caribbean Fiber System, and the Cayman-Jamaica Fiber System submarine cables that provide links to the US and parts of Central and South America.

South of the Central Valley cultivation is gradually replaced by aquaculture, silviculture, sheep and cattle farming.

** international: country code-56 ; submarine cables provide links to the US and to Central and South America ; satellite earth stations-2 Intelsat ( Atlantic Ocean ) ( 2007 )

Sitting at an important geostrategic location that connects the Middle East culture with Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent ,< ref name = BBC-country-profile >

* 1929 – Indian Independence Movement: At the Delhi Central Assembly, Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt throw handouts and bombs to court arrest.

Zahir-ud-din Muhammad Babur ( 14 February 148326 December 1530 ; sometimes also spelt Baber or Babar ) was a conqueror from Central Asia who, following a series of setbacks, finally succeeded in laying the basis for the Mughal dynasty in the Indian Subcontinent and became the first Mughal emperor.

Such compartmentalization is often used in early Central Indian painting to depict multiple spaces or scenes on a single flat

* Hanafi ( The Levant, Iraq, Turkey, the Balkans, Central Asia, Indian subcontinent, Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Jordan, China and Egypt )

Muslim rule in the subcontinent began in 8th century CE when the Arab general Muhammad bin Qasim conquered Sindh and Multan in southern Punjab in modern day Pakistan, setting the stage for several successive invasions from Central Asia between the 10th and 15th centuries CE, leading to the formation of Muslim empires in the Indian subcontinent such as the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire.

Central Asian and North Western Indian Buddhism weakened in the 6th century after the White Hun invasion, who followed their own religions such as Tengri, and Manichaeism.

A Turco-Mongol conqueror in Central Asia, Timur ( Tamerlane ), attacked the reigning Sultan Nasir-u Din Mehmud of the Tughlaq Dynasty in the north Indian city of Delhi.

Newer present-day world religions established themselves throughout Eurasia during the Middle Ages by: Christianization of the Western world ; Buddhist missions to East Asia ; the decline of Buddhism in the Indian subcontinent ; and the spread of Islam throughout the Middle East, Central Asia, North Africa and parts of Europe and India.

The Islamic Caliphate and other Islamic states took over the Middle East, Caucasus and Central Asia during the Muslim conquests of the 7th century, and later expanded into the Indian subcontinent and Malay archipelago.

* Central Indian Ridge

The remaining area, being explored by India, is in the Central Indian Basin of the Indian Ocean.

It is adjacent to research institutes like the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology and the Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute.

Babylonian astronomy served as the basis for much of Greek, classical Indian, Sassanian, Byzantine, Syrian, medieval Islamic, Central Asian, and Western European astronomy.

Under the Umayyads, the Arabs annexed North Africa and southern Italy from the Romans and the Arab Empire soon stretched from parts of the Indian subcontinent, across Central Asia, the Middle East, North Africa, and southern Italy, to the Iberian Peninsula and the Pyrenees.

For this purpose, an American Indian or Alaska Native is defined as " A person having origins in any of the original peoples of North and South America ( including Central America ), and who maintains a tribal affiliation or community attachment.

Pakistan geologically overlaps both with the Indian and the Eurasian tectonic plates where its Sindh and Punjab provinces lie on the north-western corner of the Indian plate while Balochistan and most of the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa lie within the Eurasian plate which mainly comprises the Iranian plateau, some parts of the Middle East and Central Asia.

The Northern Areas and Azad Kashmir lie mainly in Central Asia along the edge of the Indian plate and hence are prone to violent earthquakes where the two tectonic plates collide.

There are various boards of schools in India, namely Central Board for Secondary Education ( CBSE ), Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations ( CISCE ), Madrasa Boards of various states, Matriculation Boards of various states, State Boards of various boards, Anglo Indian Board, and so on.

In 2003, the two countries also held a military exercise, the first such war-game by Indian troops in Central Asia.