In 2002, O ' Donohue launched a court action that argued the Act of Settlement violates the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, but the case was dismissed by the court, which found that, as the Act of Settlement is part of the Canadian constitution, the Charter of Rights and Freedoms does not have supremacy over it.

" For example, James Madison argued for a constitutional republic with protections for individual liberty over a pure democracy, reasoning that, in a pure democracy, a " common passion or interest will, in almost every case, be felt by a majority of the whole ... and there is nothing to check the inducements to sacrifice the weaker party ...."

In making their case, the council fathers argued that tradition had accorded " honor " to the see of older Rome because it was the first imperial city.

Nevertheless, the case for support of the contras continued to be made in Washington, D. C. by both the Reagan administration and the Heritage Foundation, which argued that support for the contras would counter Soviet influence in Nicaragua.

Wittgenstein argued that for some terms this is not the case.

In contrast, patient testimonials, case reports, and even expert opinion ( however some critics have argued that expert opinion " does not belong in the rankings of the quality of empirical evidence because it does not represent a form of empirical evidence " and continue that " expert opinion would seem to be a separate, complex type of knowledge that would not fit into hierarchies otherwise limited to empirical evidence alone.

For the case of power-of-two, Papadimitriou ( 1979 ) argued that the number of complex-number additions achieved by Cooley – Tukey algorithms is optimal under certain assumptions on the graph of the algorithm ( his assumptions imply, among other things, that no additive identities in the roots of unity are exploited ).

Instead, they argued that the resolution simply declared what the Assembly's powers already were, according to the UN Charter, in the case of a dead-locked Security Council.

He argued that in Berkeley's case the fallacy is not obvious and this is because one premise is ambiguous between one meaning which is tautological and another which, Stove argues, is logically equivalent to the conclusion.

John Sheppard, in his analysis of dreams titled On Dreams ( 1847 ), lamented Coleridge's drug use as getting in the way of his poetry but argued: " It is probable, since he writes of having taken an ' anodyne ,' that the ' vision in a dream ' arose under some excitement of that same narcotic ; but this does not destroy, even as to his particular case, the evidence for a wonderfully inventive action of the mind in sleep ; for, whatever were the exciting cause, the fact remains the same ".

In the same year as Radley, George Watson argued that " The case of ' Kubla Khan ' is perhaps the strangest of all – a poem that stands high even in English poetry as a work of ordered perfection is offered by the poet himself, nearly twenty years after its composition, as a fragment.

In opposition to the German submissions, the United States argued that the Vienna Convention did not grant rights to individuals, only to states ; that the convention was meant to be exercised subject to the laws of each state party, which in the case of the United States meant subject to the doctrine of procedural default ; and that Germany was seeking to turn the ICJ into an international court of criminal appeal.

He argued that bureaucratic political and economic systems emerging in the Middle Ages were essential in the rise of modern capitalism ( including rational book-keeping and organization of formally free labour ), while they were a hindrance in the case of ancient capitalism, which had a different social and political structure based on conquest, slavery, and the coastal city-state.

The alternative source of Norfolk Island for these, ( or in the case of flax and hemp, similar ) supplies is argued by some historians, notably Geoffrey Blainey in Tyranny of Distance, as being a major reason for the founding of the convict settlement of New South Wales by the First Fleet in 1788.

Francis Bacon argued the case for what would become modern science which would be based more upon real experience and experimentation, free from assumptions about metaphysics, and aimed at increasing control of nature.

In response, philosophers Douglas Rasmussen and Douglas Den Uyl have argued that Nozick misstated Rand's case.

The case of the Imam was argued at the United Nations as well, but no significant measures were taken.

In this case, all possibly created entities are said to be literally a part of the omniscient being's own mind, and thus making all things argued to be other than itself as self-imagined and projected non-entities.

He argued that since the testimony of a woman could not be admitted in Rabbinical court, there were no valid witnesses against him, and hence the case for his expulsion had to be thrown out for lack of evidence.

The 2003 invasion of Iraq led to a significant anti-war movement in which socialists argued their case.

But life, Gould argued, can easily adapt towards simplification, as is often the case with parasites.

Heavily influenced by Gramsci, Nicos Poulantzas, a Greek neo-Marxist theorist argued that capitalist states do not always act on behalf of the ruling class, and when they do, it is not necessarily the case because state officials consciously strive to do so, but because the ' structural ' position of the state is configured in such a way to ensure that the long-term interests of capital are always dominant.

It has been argued that because Snowball Earth would undoubtedly have decimated the population size of any given species, the extremely small populations that resulted would all have been descended from a small number of individuals ( see founder effect ), and consequently the average relatedness between any two individuals ( in this case individual cells ) would have been exceptionally high as a result of glaciations.

In this case, a science teacher argued that, by requiring him to teach evolution, his school district was forcing him to teach the " religion " of secular humanism.

As argued by Tony Crosland and others, the capacity to tax income from capital is a central element of the social democratic case for a mixed economy as against Marxist arguments for comprehensive public ownership of capital.

In the case of Russia, the United States stated that it intended to discuss a bilateral reduction in the numbers of nuclear warheads, which would allow Russia to reduce its spending on missiles without decrease of comparative strength.

The Polish airline market was until 2004 a classical case of closed market, with bilateral agreements between countries served from the national hub-Warsaw.

The transfer function can also be shown using the Fourier transform which is only a special case of the bilateral Laplace transform for the case where.

In the case of bilateral amputations, the application of C-Legs must be closely monitored.

* bilateral: in this case, simultaneous repair may be considered, sometimes even with a giant prosthetic reinforcement.

The side, or subaural knot, has been shown to produce other, more complex injuries, with one thoroughly studied case producing only ligamentous injuries to the cervical spine and bilateral vertebral artery disruptions, but no major vertebral fractures or crush injuries to the spinal cord.

The U. S. government under George W. Bush interfered in the elections by threatening a deterioration of the bilateral relations in case of a victory by FMLN's candidate Schafik Handal.

In the first case it is, taken in combination with the tippa-malku marriage, a case of bilateral dissimilar adelphic ( M. and F .) polygamy.

Some academics within IPE use game theory to explain outcomes of international negotiations, the simplest case being bilateral meetings where there are only two players.

Unilateral injury or injury along any point in the circuit leads to aboulia regardless of the side of the injury, but if there is bilateral damage, the patient will exhibit a more extreme case of diminished motivation, akinetic mutism.

He also linked the release of the Bulgarian nurses and of the Palestinian physician to bilateral negotiations with the United Kingdom concerning the extradition of Abdelbaset al-Megrahi, convicted in the Lockerbie bombing case.

A gynandromorph can have bilateral asymmetry, one side female and one side male, or they can be mosaic, a case in which the two sexes aren't defined as clearly.

With the establishment of a bilateral or regional free trade agreement, that may not be the case.

The agreement assumed common foreign policies, promotion of bilateral economical contacts, consultation of new pacts concerning Central and Eastern Europe as well as help in case one of the signatories is under " unprovoked " attack.

Blindness after bilateral neck dissection: case report and review.

Hyperglycemia-induced involuntary movements ( in this case, not hemiballismus, but hemichorea ( chorea of one side of the body ) and wikt: bilateral | bilateral dystonia ) in a 62-year-old Japanese woman with type 1 diabetes.

The unilateral series can be obtained as a special case of the bilateral one by setting one of the b variables equal to q, at least when none of the a variables is a power of q., as all the terms with n < 0 then vanish.