The fact that the Aeginetan standard of weights and measures ( developed in the mid-7th century ) was one of the two standards in general use in the Greek world ( the other being the Euboic-Attic ) is sufficient evidence of the early commercial importance of the island.

A standard version, named Maoshi Zhengyi, was compiled in the mid-7th century under the leadership of Kong Yingda.

The Shahi dynasty ruled portions of eastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and Kashmir from the mid-7th century to the early 11th century.

Along with Buddhism, Guanyin's veneration was introduced into China as early as the 1st century CE, and reached Japan through Korea soon after Buddhism was first introduced into the country in the mid-7th century.

A series of transformations, for book purposes, of the cursive documentary script that had grown out of the later Roman cursive would get under way in France by the mid-7th century.

* c. mid-7th century – Dharmaraja Ratha, Mamallapuram, Tamil Nadu, India, is built.

The earliest vase-painting securely identifiable as Europa, dates from mid-7th century BCE.

The Chronicle of Tewkesbury records that the first Christian worship was brought to the area by Theoc, a missionary from Northumbria, who built his cell in the mid-7th century near a gravel spit where the Severn and Avon rivers join together.

In addition, Severus Sebokht, a bishop who lived in Mesopotamia, also wrote a treatise on the astrolabe in Syriac in the mid-7th century.

Greek and Mesopotamian sources note several Cimmerian kings including Tugdamme ( Lygdamis in Greek ; mid-7th century BC ), and Sandakhshatra ( late-7th century ).

They were established in the mid-7th century in the aftermath of the Muslim conquests of Byzantine territory and replaced the earlier provincial system established by emperors Diocletian and Constantine the Great.

What is clear is that at some point in the mid-7th century, probably in the late 630s and 640s, the Empire's field armies were withdrawn to Anatolia, the last major contiguous territory remaining to the Empire, and assigned to the districts that became known as the themes.

Among the earliest known uses of sampi in this function is an abecedarium from Samos dated to the mid-7th century BC.

The creation of the Tibetan alphabet is attributed to Thonmi Sambhota of the mid-7th century.

In the mid-7th century, Empress Saimei built, a Taoist temple, at.

The area remained in British hands until the mid-7th century and there was certainly continuity of use of the Roman cemetery at nearby Poundbury.

It is unlikely that this minster pre-dates the conversion of Wessex in the mid-7th century, or the foundation of the " burh " c. 886.

Four passages are marked in the margin, which correspond to those used as readings in Masses for the Dead in the Roman lectionary of the mid-7th century.

This empire would dominate sizable part of what is now considered the Asian part of the Middle East and continue to influence the rest of the Asiatic and African Middle East region, actually mostly under the Eastern Roman Empire-Byzantine Empire rule and influence, until the Arab Islamic conquest of Persia in the mid-7th century CE.

By mid-7th century AD the rise of Islam closed off the overland caravan routes through Egypt and the Suez, and sundered the European trade community from Axum and India.

When they encountered Rome ( circa 30 BC – 10 AD ) they shared with Roman merchants knowledge of riding the seasonal monsoons of the Arabian Sea, keeping a cordial relationship with one another until the mid-7th century.

It is known that the Greeks had longstanding trade relations with Egypt prior to the founding of the Greek entrepôt of Naukratis in the mid-7th century from where the Greeks could have learned Egyptian sculpting methods.

* David Nicolle, Sassanian Armies: the Iranian empire early 3rd to mid-7th centuries AD ( Montvert Publishing 1996 ).

Bilad al-Sham ( Arabic بلاد الشام, the country of Syria ), in English usually referred to as Syria, was a Rashidun, Umayyad and later Abbasid Caliphate province, incorporating former Byzantine territories of the Diocese of the East, organized soon after the Muslim conquest of Syria in the mid-7th century, which was completed at the decisive Battle of Yarmouk.

By the mid-7th century it was under Eastern Roman control.

During their long presence on the island, the architectural remains left by the Turks included the small fort of Paphos dating to the late 16th century and largely based on a Lusignan plan, the tomb that was built where Umm Haram, a relative of Muhammad, died in the mid-7th century, which dates to the late 18th century and over which a tekke and a mosque were built 1816, and an aqueduct constructed by Abu Bekr Pasha in 1747 in order to bring fresh water to Larnaca.

Just as what we today label the Byzantine Empire was in reality and to contemporaries a continuation of the Roman Empire, so the Byzantine army was an outgrowth of the Late Roman structure, which largely survived until the mid-7th century.

In the mid-7th century Nefta was conquered by the Arabs and, in spite of fierce resistance, converted to Islam.

The Ionian League ( ancient Greek:, Íōnes ;, koinón Iōnōn ; or, koinē sýnodos Iōnōn ; Latin: commune consilium ), also called the Panionic League, was a confederation formed at the end of the Meliac War in the mid-7th century BC comprising twelve Ionian cities ( a dodecapolis, of which there were many others ).

Callinus (, Kallinos ) was an ancient Greek elegiac poet who lived in the city of Ephesus in Asia Minor in the mid-7th century BC.

Since the arrival of Islam during the Tang Dynasty ( beginning in the mid-7th century ), many Arabic or Persian speaking people migrated into China.

The rulers of Mercia were generally the most powerful of the Anglo-Saxon kings from the mid-7th to the early 9th centuries, but are not accorded the title of bretwalda by the Chronicle, which is generally thought to be because of the anti-Mercian bias of the Chroniclers.

It is named for the Bulgars, a tribal association which established the Bulgar khanate, known as Old Great Bulgaria in the mid-7th century, giving rise to the Danubian Bulgaria by the 680s.

Over 50 years passed until the next series of excavations, when in 1961 and 1962 the Ethiopian Institute of Archeology sponsored an expedition led by Francis Anfray, which not only recovered materials showing a strong affinities with the late Axumite kingdom, but a destruction layer which prompted Kobishchanov to later argue that Adulis had been destroyed by an Arab raid in the mid-7th century, a view that has since been rejected.

By the late tenth century the Byzantine era, which had become fixed at 1 September 5509 BC since at least the mid-7th century ( differing by 16 years from the Alexandrian date, and 2 years from the Chronicon Paschale ), had become the widely accepted calendar by Chalcedonian Christianity.

Polish tribes-a term used sometimes to describe the tribes of West Slavs that lived in the territories that became Polish from around the mid-7th century to the creation of Polish state by the Piast dynasty.

In the East, the prefectures would continue to function until the mid-7th century, when the loss of most eastern provinces to the Muslim conquest and of the Balkans to Slavic tribes led to the creation of the Theme system.

This system of ' counter casting ' continued into the late Roman empire and in medieval Europe, and persisted in limited use into the nineteenth century.

During the 20th century BC the Indo-European Hittites entered the region and gradually established a great empire which was destroyed by invaders in the 12th century.

After the fall of the Akkadian empire in the mid 21st century BC, the Assyrians who were the northern branch of the Akkadian people, colonised parts of the region between the 21st and mid 18th centuries BC and claimed the resources, notably silver.

During the Late Bronze Age circa 2000 BC, they created an empire, the Hittite New Kingdom, which reached its height in the 14th century BC, controlling much of Asia Minor.

Semitic Arameans encroached over the borders of south central Anatolia in the century or so after the fall of the Hittite empire, and some of the Neo-Hittite states in this region became an amalgam of Hittites and Arameans.

Alemannia lost its distinct jurisdictional identity when Charles Martel absorbed it into the Frankish empire, early in the 8th century.

Sargon of Akkad ( Sharru-kin = " legitimate king ", possibly a title he took on gaining power ; 24th century BC ) defeated and captured Lugal-Zage-Si in the Battle of Uruk and conquered his empire.

For much of the 5th century at least democracy fed off an empire of subject states.

On the other hand the empire was, more or less, defunct in the 4th century BC so it cannot be said that democracy was not viable without it.

Another important example is the Tawagalawa Letter written by an unnamed Hittite king ( most probably Hattusili III ) of the empire period ( 14th-13th century BC ) to the king of Ahhiyawa, treating him as an equal and suggesting that Miletus ( Millawanda ) was under his control.

Authority in the Roman Church is the exertion of that imperium from which England in the 16th century finally and decisively declared its national independence as the alter imperium, the " other empire ", of which Henry VIII declared " This realm of England is an empire " ...

Latin translation of Abū Maʿshar's De Magnis Coniunctionibus (‘ Of the great Conjunction ( astronomy and astrology ) | conjunctions ’), Venice, 1515. Astrology was taken up by Islamic scholars following the collapse of Alexandria to the Arabs in the 7th century, and the founding of the Abbasid empire in the 8th.

For about a century it belonged to the Delhi empire, and then fell into Uzbek hands.

The celebration of deeds of ancient Danish and Swedish heroes, the poem beginning with a tribute to the royal line of Danish kings, but written in the dominant literary dialect of Anglo-Saxon England, for a number of scholars points to the 11th century reign of Canute, the Danish king whose empire included all of these areas, and whose primary place of residence was in England, as the most likely time of the poem's creation, the poem being written as a celebration of the king's heroic royal ancestors, perhaps intended as a form of artistic flattery by one of his English courtiers.

In the mid 3rd century, the Bastarnae were part of a Gothic-led grand coalition of lower Danube tribes which inflicted immense damage on the Balkan provinces of the Roman empire in a series of massive invasions.

Large numbers of Bastarnae were resettled within the empire in the late 3rd century.

Claudius II was the first of a sequence of military emperors ( the so-called " Illyrian emperors " from their main ethnic origin ) who restored order in the empire in the late 3rd century.

The Roman empire | Roman Basilica Aula Palatina in Trier, Germany, built in the 4th century with fired bricks as audience hall for Constantine I

Old Khmer ( or Angkorian Khmer ) is the language as it was spoken in the Khmer Empire from the 9th century until the weakening of the empire sometime in the 13th century.

The administrative reforms and military brilliance of Aluma sustained the empire until the mid-17th century, when its power began to fade.

By the early 19th century, Kanem-Bornu was clearly an empire in decline, and in 1808 Fulani warriors conquered Ngazargamu.

The empire reached its greatest extent under the rule of Fan Shih-man in the early 3rd century, extending as far south as Malaysia and as far west as Burma.