Institutionally, anthropology emerged from the development of natural history ( expounded by authors such as Buffon ) that occurred during the European colonization of the seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

Institutionally, information science emerged in the 19th century along with many other social science disciplines.

Institutionally managed consumer securities-based loans, on the other hand, draw loan funds from the financial resources of the lending institution, not from the sale of the securities.

Institutionally, the military has played a major part in Isabela City's and Basilan's volatile history, due to the ongoing conflicts borne out of the Moro Secessionist wars of the 1970s, and more recently, by Al Qaeda-backed Islamic fundamentalist groups fomenting a running gun-battle with the Philippines ' armed forces for more than a decade.

Institutionally, industrial relations was founded by John R. Commons when he created the first academic industrial relations program at the University of Wisconsin in 1920.

Institutionally, the Group influenced the Chelsea Theater Center, a later theater in New York ( 1960s and 1970s ), born of idealism and destroyed by lack of funding and friction between its co-directors.

Institutionally, in the last decade the American Studies Association has reflected the increasingly interdisciplinary nature of the field, creating particularly strong connections to other interdisciplines such as ethnic studies, gender studies, cultural studies and post-or de-colonial studies.

The term " biological anthropology " emerged with the rise of genetics and incorporates genetic markers as well as primate ethology.

The German philosophical anthropology movement also emerged at this time.

In the third paradigm, which has emerged since the late 1980s, instead of continuing to pursue agendas that come from a discipline alien to anthropology, linguistic anthropologists have systematically addressed themselves to problems posed by the larger discipline of anthropology — but using linguistic data and methods.

The History of the family emerged as a separate field in the 1970s, with close ties to anthropology and sociology.

As it has been approached at different times from the fields of psychology, anthropology, and sociology, numerous theories and definitions have emerged to describe elements of the acculturative process.

It emerged in the 1930s and extensively developed in the period following the Second World War and was incorporated into both anthropology and sociology in the 1960s.

Much earlier, and some 450 miles north of Paris, a specific type of applied anthropology emerged at Leiden University, Netherlands, which focused frequently on the relationship between apparent cultural phenomena and subsurface structures found in the numerous cultures in the Indonesian archipelago: Batak, Minangkabau, Moluccas, etc., though it was primarily aimed at training governors for colonial Indonesia.

The term " anthropology " is from the Greek anthrōpos (), " man ", understood to mean humankind or humanity, and-logia (- λογία ), " discourse " or " study.

Because anthropology developed from so many different enterprises ( see History of Anthropology ), including but not limited to fossil-hunting, exploring, documentary film-making, paleontology, primatology, antiquity dealings and curatorship, philology, etymology, genetics, regional analysis, ethnology, history, philosophy, and religious studies, it is difficult to characterize the entire field in a brief article, although attempts to write histories of the entire field have been made.

It took Immanuel Kant 25 years to write one of the first major treatises on anthropology, his Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View.

Medieval scholars may be considered forerunners of modern anthropology as well, insofar as they conducted or wrote detailed studies of the customs of peoples considered " different " from themselves in terms of geography.

Early anthropology was divided between proponents of unilinealism, who argued that all societies passed through a single evolutionary process, from the most primitive to the most advanced, and various forms of non-lineal theorists, who tended to subscribe to ideas such as diffusionism.

As academic disciplines began to differentiate over the course of the nineteenth century, anthropology grew increasingly distinct from the biological approach of natural history, on the one hand, and from purely historical or literary fields such as Classics, on the other.

British social anthropology had an expansive moment in the Interwar period, with key contributions coming from the Polish-British Bronisław Malinowski and Meyer Fortes

In countries of the British Commonwealth, social anthropology has often been institutionally separate from physical anthropology and primatology, which may be connected with departments of biology or zoology ; and from archaeology, which may be connected with departments of Classics, Egyptology, and the like.

Anthropologists were recruited from England and the USA, setting the foundation for the unique Canadian style of anthropology.

After the war, enough British and American anthropologists borrowed ideas and methodological approaches from one another that some began to speak of them collectively as ' sociocultural ' anthropology.

At the same time, David H. Price's work on American anthropology during the Cold War provides detailed accounts of the pursuit and dismissal of several anthropologists from their jobs for communist sympathies.

Cognitive science is an interdisciplinary field with contributors from various fields, including psychology, neuroscience, linguistics, philosophy of mind, computer science, anthropology, sociology, and biology.

Sociology, economics, and anthropology are each, in turn, studies of properties emergent from the interaction of countless individual humans.

By introducing the high standards of Boasian anthropology, Sapir did incite antagonism from those amateur ethnologists who felt that they had contributed important work.

Ethnology ( from the Greek, ethnos meaning " people, nation, race ") is the branch of anthropology that compares and analyzes the origins, distribution, technology, religion, language, and social structure of the ethnic, racial, and / or national divisions of humanity.

The qualitative methods used in educational psychology often derive from anthropology, sociology or sociolinguistics.

In the 1960s and 1970s, film theory took up residence in academia importing concepts from established disciplines like psychoanalysis, gender studies, anthropology, literary theory, semiotics and linguistics.

It focuses attention away from the elites and politicians to " history from below ," looking at the peasants using folklore, poetry, riddles, proverbs, songs, oral history and methods inspired by anthropology.

Researchers may also develop and employ theories and methods from disciplines including cultural studies, rhetoric, philosophy, literary theory, psychology, political science, political economy, economics, sociology, anthropology, social theory, art history and criticism, film theory, feminist theory, and information theory.

The first use of the term " anthropology " in English to refer to a natural science of humanity was apparently in 1593, the first of the " logies " to be coined.

In the 1950s and mid-1960s anthropology tended increasingly to model itself after the natural sciences.

" In this spirit, the Museum of Jurassic Technology's dimly lit atmosphere, wood and glass vitrines and labyrinthine floorplan lead visitors through an eclectic range of exhibits on art, natural history, history of science, philosophy, and anthropology with a special focus on the history of museums, and the varieties of paths to knowledge.

An important concept in anthropology and child development, animism is the idea that all things — including inanimate objects and natural events, such as storms or purses, as well as living things like animals and plants — possess human-like intelligence.

Categories include: fine arts, applied arts, craft, archaeology, anthropology and ethnology, history, cultural history, science, technology, children's museums, natural history, botanical and zoological gardens.

Exhibitions educate the public on natural history, dinosaurs, zoology, oceanography, anthropology and more.

* A study by Colorado College anthropology students about the potential impact of natural gas drilling on Crestone's spiritual communities: http :// www. coloradocollege. edu / dept / AN / BACAAN326 / Website / index. htm

Posidonius wrote on physics ( including meteorology and physical geography ), astronomy, astrology and divination, seismology, geology and mineralogy, hydrology, botany, ethics, logic, mathematics, history, natural history, anthropology, and tactics.

Linguistic anthropology explores how language shapes communication, forms social identity and group membership, organizes large-scale cultural beliefs and ideologies, and develops a common cultural representation of natural and social worlds.

In 1950 he famously disavowed the commonly-held view that anthropology was a natural science, arguing instead that it should be grouped amongst the humanities, especially history.

There are also cited examples of " self-organizing " behaviour found in the literature of many other disciplines, both in the natural sciences and the social sciences such as economics or anthropology.

At the undergraduate level, Sarah Lawrence offers a Bachelor of Arts degree in liberal arts where, instead of traditional majors, students pursue a wide variety of courses in four different curricular distributions: the Creative Arts ( writing, music, dance, theatre, film, and the plastic arts, such as painting, printmaking, drawing and sculpture ); history and the social sciences ( e. g., anthropology, economics, political science, and sociology ); the humanities ( e. g., Asian studies, art history, film studies, languages, literature, philosophy, and religion ); and natural science and mathematics ( biology, chemistry, physics, computer science, and mathematics ).

University degree work was consolidated into The Faculty of Arts and Sciences where programs in sociology, anthropology, political science, economics and an expanded natural sciences program were added to the curriculum.

As a field, it is most closely tied to anthropology and sociology, although a degree program in Intercultural Relations or Intercultural Studies may also include the study of history, research methods, urban studies, gender studies, public health, many various natural sciences, human development, political science, psychology, and linguistics or other language training.

* August 7-Amalie Dietrich arrives in Australia to begin a decade of collecting specimens in natural history and anthropology.

* Mary Kingsley lands in Sierra Leone on the first of her journeys through Africa in the interests of anthropology and natural history.

He led a scientific expedition into the interior and was able to indulge in his interests of natural history and anthropology.

Evolutionary anthropology is based in natural science and social science.

Richard Wrangham, a primate researcher and professor of anthropology, has suggested that eating cooked food is more " natural " for the human digestive system, because the human digestive system may have evolved to deal with cooked foods.

During a time when the popular and official science and culture in Italy were still influenced by the Roman Catholic Church, Mantegazza was a staunch liberal and defended the ideas of Darwinism in anthropology, his research having helped to establish it as the " natural history of man ".

In archaeology and anthropology, a manuport is a natural object which has been moved from its original context by human agency but otherwise remains unmodified.

In 19th-century thinking, it was very important to separate objects made by the hand of God ( natural history ) from objects made by the hand of man ( anthropology ).

Modern museums concentrate on a particular subject, and most museums belong to one or more of the following categories: fine arts, applied arts, archaeology, anthropology, ethnology, history, cultural history, science, technology, natural history.