The attempted Italian colonization of the Ottoman provinces of Tripolitania and Cyrenaica was never wholly successful, at least initially.

The Italian State has twenty regions and about a hundred provinces.

In addition, Italian living standards have a considerable north-south divide: the average GDP per capita in Northern and Central Italy exceeds by far the EU average, whilst some regions and provinces in Southern Italy are dramatically below.

Starting with the unification of Italy in 1861, a wide and increasing economic divide has been noticeably growing between the northern provinces and the southern half of the Italian state.

On the other hand, the wealthier Greeks of Constantinople, and also the peoples of the Balkan and Italian provinces, strongly opposed iconoclasm.

* 413 – Emperor Honorius signs an edict providing tax relief for the Italian provinces Tuscia, Campania, Picenum, Samnium, Apulia, Lucania and Calabria, who are plundered by the Visigoths.

From the much more remote provinces, which had acquiesced in his accession, little help was to be expected ; but the legions of Dalmatia, Pannonia and Moesia were eager in his cause, the Praetorian cohorts were in themselves a formidable force and an efficient fleet gave him the mastery of the Italian seas.

The Italian revolt of the 720s, organized and led by Pope Gregory II, was originally provoked by the attempt of the Constantinople Emperor Leo III the Isaurian to introduce a poll tax in the Italian provinces of the Byzantine Empire in 722, and set in motion the permanent separation of Italy from the Byzantine empire.

The victory over Carthage in the First Punic War brought the first two provinces outside the Italian peninsula, Sicily and Corsica et Sardinia.

* A fatal disease of cattle, probably rinderpest, spreads through the Italian provinces of Padua, Udine, Treviso, and Vicenza, introduced most likely from Dalmatia or Hungary.

* May 8 – Honorius signs an edict providing tax relief for the Italian provinces Tuscia, Campania, Picenum, Samnium, Apulia, Lucania and Calabria, who are plundered by the Visigoths.

The colony was divided into the six governorates of Italian East Africa: Italian Eritrea and Italian Somaliland, plus four provinces of Ethiopia ( Amhara, Galla-Sidamo, Scioa, Harar ) each under the authority of an Italian governor, answerable to the Italian viceroy, who represented the Emperor Victor Emmanuel.

Gaul, the Italian provinces and Hispania proclaim loyalty to him.

Administratively the range is divided between the Italian provinces of Cuneo and Imperia ( eastern slopes ) and the French department of Alpes-Maritimes ( western slopes ).

Administratively the range is divided between the Italian provinces of Cuneo and Turin ( eastern slopes ) and the French departments of Savoie, Hautes-Alpes and Alpes-de-Haute-Provence ( western slopes ).

Insurrected provinces planned to unite as the Province Italiane unite ( united Italian Provinces ), which prompted Pope Gregory XVI to ask for Austrian help against the rebels.

The region is subdivided into two provinces: Campobasso and Isernia, covering together 1. 5 % of the Italian territory and less than 1 % of its population.

But Gioberti, in his Primato, seemed to him to neglect the first essential of independence, which he accordingly inculcated in his Speranze or Hopes of Italy, in which he suggests that Austria should seek compensation in the Balkans for the inevitable loss of her Italian provinces.

In Italian Viceré: The highest colonial representatives in the " federation " of Italian East Africa ( six provinces, each under a governor ; together Ethiopia, Eritrea and Italian Somaliland ) were no longer styled " High Commissioner ", but " Viceroy and Governor-general " from 5 May 1936, when fascist forces temporarily occupied Ethiopia, until 27 November 1941, when the last Italian administrator surrendered to the Allies.

The Concerts -- nos. 2, 6, 9, 10 and 14 are represented -- are really closer to chamber suites than to concertos in the Italian sense.

The sonatas, `` La Francaise '', `` La Sultane '', `` L'Astree '' and `` L'Imperiale '', are often more elaborately worked out and, in fact, show a strong Italian influence.

Some adaptations of the Latin alphabet are augmented with ligatures, such as æ in Old English and Icelandic and Ȣ in Algonquian ; by borrowings from other alphabets, such as the thorn þ in Old English and Icelandic, which came from the Futhark runes ; and by modifying existing letters, such as the eth ð of Old English and Icelandic, which is a modified d. Other alphabets only use a subset of the Latin alphabet, such as Hawaiian, and Italian, which uses the letters j, k, x, y and w only in foreign words.

Words primarily used in Austria are Jänner ( January ) rather than Januar, heuer ( this year ) rather than dieses Jahr, Stiege ( stairs ) instead of Treppe, Rauchfang ( chimney ) instead of Schornstein, many administrative, legal and political terms – and a whole series of foods and vegetables such as: Erdäpfel ( potatoes ) German Kartoffeln ( but Dutch Aardappel ), Schlagobers ( whipped cream ) German Schlagsahne, Faschiertes ( ground beef ) German Hackfleisch, Fisolen ( green beans ) German Gartenbohne ( but Czech fazole and Italian fagioli ), Karfiol ( cauliflower ) German Blumenkohl ( but Italian cavolfiore ), Kohlsprossen ( Brussels sprouts ) German Rosenkohl, Marillen ( apricots ) German Aprikosen but Slovak marhuľa, Paradeiser ( tomatoes ) German Tomaten, Palatschinken ( pancakes ) German Pfannkuchen ( but Czech palačinky ), Topfen ( a semi-sweet cottage cheese ) German Quark and Kren ( horseradish ) German Meerrettich ( but Czech křen ).

The term for the mountain peaks varies by nation and language: words such as horn, kogel, gipfel, and berg are used in German speaking regions: mont and aguille in French speaking regions ; and monte or cima in Italian speaking regions.

In French, Italian, Spanish and German, alternate history novels are called uchronie.

Adjectives derived from " United States " ( such as United Statesian ) are awkward in English, but similar constructions exist in Spanish ( estadounidense ), Portuguese ( estado-unidense, estadunidense ), Finnish ( yhdysvaltalainen: from Yhdysvallat, United States ), as well as in French ( états-unien ), and Italian ( statunitense ).

* 1945 – Benito Mussolini and his mistress Clara Petacci are executed by a firing squad consisting of members of the Italian resistance movement.

Argentine cuisine may be described as a cultural blending of Mediterranean influences ( such as those created by Italian and Spanish populations ) within the wide scope of livestock and agricultural products that are abundant in the country.

Italian staples, such as pizza and pasta, are eaten as commonly as beef.

Mozart wrote to his father in May 1783 about Salieri and Lorenzo Da Ponte, the court poet: " You know those Italian gentlemen ; they are very nice to your face!

The Centauro Wheeled Tank Destroyer of the Italian and Spanish Armies, the Chinese anti-tank gun PTL-02 and the French AMX 10 RC heavy armored car are also good examples.

Many nationalist movements, such as the French National Front, Austrian Freedom Party, or the Italian Lego Nord are opposed to globalization, but argue that the alternative to globalization is the protection of the nation-state, sometimes, according to critics, in explicitly racist or fascist terms.

Many police officers or responsible authorities present in Genoa during the G8 summit, are currently under investigation by the Italian judges, and some of them resigned.

They are one of the most popular Italian rock / hip hop groups.

French, Dutch, Italian, and Latvian are languages that do not have aspirated consonants.

In a letter to Bishop Maximilian of Syracuse, Gregory states his intention for his Dialogues, saying they are a kind of floretum ( an anthology, literally, ‘ flowers ’) of the most striking miracles of Italian holy men.

Other dance styles, such as the Italian and Spanish dances of the period are much less well studied than either English country dance or the French style.

Many phrases are characteristic of the German reformer Martin Bucer, or of the Italian Peter Martyr, ( who was staying with Cranmer at the time of the finalising of drafts ), or of his chaplain, Thomas Becon.

Two versions of Blackwood are common: " standard " Blackwood, developed by Easley, and " Roman key card " or " RKC " Blackwood, named for the Italian team which invented it.

Unrelated roots are differentiated in various languages such as Italian, Japanese, and Finnish, with two length levels, " single " and " geminate ".

Knots commonly used in caving are the figure-of-eight-( or figure-of-nine -) loop, bowline, alpine butterfly, and Italian hitch.

Carabiners are marked on the side with single letters showing their intended area of use, for example, K ( via ferrata ), B ( base ), and H ( for belaying with an Italian or Munter hitch ).