JPL has been recognized four times by the Space Foundation: with the Douglas S. Morrow Public Outreach Award, which is given annually to an individual or organization that has made significant contributions to public awareness of space programs, in 1998 ; and with the John L. " Jack " Swigert, Jr., Award for Space Exploration on three occasions – in 2009 ( as part of NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander Team ), 2006 and 2005.

The lab has an open house once a year on a Saturday and Sunday in May or June, when the public is invited to tour the facilities and see live demonstrations of JPL science and technology.

In addition to its government work, JPL has also assisted the nearby motion picture and television industries, by advising them about scientific accuracy in their productions.

JPL has sent unmanned missions to every planet in our Solar System.

JPL has also conducted extensive mapping missions of Earth.

JPL has also pursued similar studies on Venus aerobots.

Reflecting the continuing influx of new data and observations, the JPL has to revise its published ephemerides at intervals of 20 years.

Ellern has worked as an engineer, including for JPL, Raytheon, Boeing, Hughes Aircraft and Northrop Corporation.

* JPL DARTS page has a section on spatial operator algebra ( link: ) as well as an extensive list of references ( link: ).

He joined NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ) as payload integration engineer that year and except for a three-year span in the early 1980s has worked at JPL since.

No definitive mission schedule has been published on the SIM Lite website, maintained by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), as of April 2007, aside from the estimated launch date of 2015.

According to Slava Turyshev of JPL in the paper " Support for temporally varying behavior of the Pioneer anomaly from the extended Pioneer 10 and 11 data sets ," published in Physical Review Letters in 2011, the anomaly has a temporally-decaying ( not constant as previously thought ) nature and points towards Earth.

The instrument computer along with a highly precise BlackJack GPS receiver and digital signal processing system has been provided by JPL in Pasadena.

The similarity between Mimas's appearance and the Death Star in Star Wars due to the large size of Herschel has often been noted, both in the press and in NASA / JPL press releases.

Martin has been a research scientist in the Navigation and Mission Design Section at the JPL since 1986.

Since the 1970s, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ) has produced a series of numerically integrated Development Ephemerides ( numbered DExxx ), incorporating Lunar Ephemerides ( LExxx ).

Mariner 3 ( together with Mariner 4 known as Mariner-Mars 1964 ) was one of two identical deep-space probes designed and built by Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ) for NASA's Mariner Mars 1964 Project that were intended to conduct close-up ( flyby ) scientific observations of the planet Mars and transmit information on interplanetary space and the space surrounding Mars, televised images of the Martian surface and occultation data of spacecraft radio signals as affected by the Martian atmosphere back to Earth.

Explorer 1 was designed and built by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), while a Jupiter-C rocket was modified by the Army Ballistic Missile Agency ( ABMA ) to accommodate a satellite payload ; the resulting rocket known as the Juno I.

Explorer 1 was designed and built by the California Institute of Technology's JPL under the direction of Dr. William H. Pickering.

Together with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), ABMA built Explorer 1 in 84 days and launched it on January 31, 1958.

The antennas at all three DSN Complexes communicate directly with the Deep Space Operations Center ( DSOC ) located at the JPL facilities in Pasadena, California.

In addition to the DSN complexes and the operations center, a ground communications facility provides communications that link the three complexes to the operations center at JPL, to space flight control centers in the United States and overseas, and to scientists around the world.

3200 Phaethon (, sometimes incorrectly spelled Phaeton ) is an asteroid with an unusual orbit that brings it closer to the Sun than any other named asteroid ( though there are several unnamed asteroids, including three numbered ones, with smaller perihelia, e. g. ).< ref name = jplperilist > JPL Small-Body Database Search Engine results for asteroids with q < 0. 141 AU Retrieved 2011-09-05.

JPL reported that MARIE-measured radiation levels were two to three times greater than at the International Space Station ( which is 100-200mSv / a ).

The best current ( 2009 ) estimate of the International Astronomical Union ( IAU ) for the value of the astronomical unit in meters is A = m, based on a comparison of JPL and IAA – RAS ephemerides.

In 2008, JPL spent over $ 1. 6 billion on research and development and employed over 5, 000 project-related and support employees.

) The ephemerides continued on this basis through 1983 ( with some changes due to adoption of improved values of astronomical constants ), after which, for 1984 onwards, they adopted the JPL ephemerides.

Almost all of the of the U. S. federal government / NASA owned property that makes up the JPL campus is today located in the city of La Cañada Flintridge, California, on the northwest border of Pasadena, with a La Cañada Flintridge address ( 4800 Oak Grove Drive, La Cañada Flintridge, CA 91011 ).

His early work was done on mainframes at III, JPL, and Caltech.

It was in use for the official almanacs and planetary ephemerides from 1960 to 1983, and was replaced in official almanacs for 1984 and after, by numerically integrated Jet Propulsion Laboratory Development Ephemeris DE200 ( based on the JPL relativistic coordinate time scale T < sub > eph </ sub >).

By this time, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ) of the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA ) had become interested in the idea of planetary aerobots, and in fact a team under Jim Cutts of JPL had been working on concepts for planetary aerobots for several years, as well as performing experiments to validate aerobot technology.

By 1996, JPL was working on a full-fledged aerobot experiment named PAT, for " Planetary Aerobot Testbed ", which was intended to demonstrate a complete planetary aerobot through flights into Earth's atmosphere.

JPL continued to work on a more focused, low-cost experiments to lead to a Mars aerobot, under the name MABVAP, for " Mars Aerobot Validation Program ".

While these tests and experiments were going on, JPL performed a number of speculative studies for planetary aerobot missions to Mars, Venus, Saturn's moon Titan, and the outer planets.

JPL scientists confirmed that another impact event on Jupiter had occurred, probably a small undiscovered comet or other icy body.

Among other limitations, the Army submission focused on the vehicle, while a payload was assumed to become available from JPL, and the network of ground tracking stations was assumed to be a Navy project.

Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ) lost contact with Spirit after last hearing from the rover on March 22, 2010 and continued attempts to regain communications until May 25, 2011 bringing the elapsed mission time to 6 years 2 months 19 days or over 25 times the original planned mission duration.

The first un-ambiguous detection of Venus was made by Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ) on 10 March 1961.

Hence, beginning in 1958, NASA JPL and the Caltech crew became focused primarily on unmanned flight and shifted away from military applications with a few exceptions.

Vulcan was a database application that ran on the CP / M operating system, and was modeled on JPL / DIS, a Univac 1106 program used at JPL and written by fellow programmer Jeb Long.

* Star with Midriff Bulge Eyed by Astronomers, JPL press release, July 25, 2001.

The Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ) is a federally funded research and development center ( FFRDC ) owned by NASA and operated as a division of Caltech through a contract between NASA and Caltech.

The JPL Director also serves as a Caltech Vice President and is responsible to the President of the Institute for the management of the Laboratory.

In addition to managing JPL, Caltech also operates the Palomar Observatory in San Diego County, the Owens Valley Radio Observatory in Bishop, California, the Submillimeter Observatory and W. M. Keck Observatory at the Mauna Kea Observatory, the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory at Livingston, Louisiana and Richland, Washington, and Kerckhoff Marine Laboratory in Corona del Mar, California.

OTT protects and manages the intellectual property developed by faculty members, students, other researchers, and JPL technologists.

In August 1992, JPL scientist Robert Staehle called Tombaugh, requesting permission to visit his planet.

Remote Agent ( remote intelligent self-repair software )( RAX ), developed at NASA Ames Research Center and JPL, was the first artificial intelligence control system to control a spacecraft without human supervision.

# a modern relativistic coordinate time scale, implemented by the JPL ephemeris time argument T < sub > eph </ sub >, in a series of numerically integrated Development Ephemerides.

High-precision ephemerides of sun, moon and planets were developed and calculated at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ) over a long period, and the latest available were adopted for the ephemerides in the Astronomical Almanac starting in 1984.

*< cite id = refEMS1998 > E M Standish, " Time scales in the JPL and CfA ephemerides ", Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 336 ( 1998 ), 381 – 384 .</ cite >

By 2005, Greenland was beginning to lose more ice volume than anyone expected – an annual loss of up to per year, according to more recent satellite gravity measurements released by JPL.

Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ) is a federally funded research and development center and NASA field center located in Pasadena, California.

JPL is managed by the nearby California Institute of Technology ( Caltech ) for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

JPL traces its beginnings to 1936 in the Guggenheim Aeronautical Laboratory at the California Institute of Technology ( GALCIT ) when the first set of rocket experiments were carried out in the Arroyo Seco.

These missiles were the first US ballistic missiles developed at JPL.

In 1954, JPL teamed up with Wernher von Braun ’ s rocketeers at the Army Ballistic Missile Agency ’ s Redstone Arsenal in Huntsville, Alabama, to propose orbiting a satellite during the International Geophysical Year.

JPL was transferred to NASA in December 1958, becoming the agency ’ s primary planetary spacecraft center.

JPL engineers designed and operated Ranger and Surveyor missions to the Moon that prepared the way for Apollo.

JPL also led the way in interplanetary exploration with the Mariner missions to Venus, Mars, and Mercury.