According to the medieval chronicler John of Worcester, Ealdred was given the see of Ramsbury to administer while Herman remained outside England.

Yet another chronicler, John of Worcester, mentions nothing of any trouble in Rome, and when discussing the appointment of Wulfstan, says that Wulfstan was elected freely and unanimously by the clergy and people.

John of Worcester also claims that at Wulfstan's consecration, Stigand, the archbishop of Canterbury extracted a promise from Ealdred that neither he nor his successors would lay claim to any jurisdiction over the diocese of Worcester.

Given that John of Worcester wrote his chronicle after the eruption of the Canterbury – York supremacy struggle, the story of Ealdred renouncing any claims to Worcester needs to be considered suspect.

Ealdred was succeeded by Wulfstan, chosen by Ealdred, but John of Worcester relates that Ealdred had a hard time deciding between Wulfstan and Æthelwig.

Given Ealdred's known support of Godwin's family, John of Worcester is probably correct.

John of Worcester says that the group supporting Edgar vacillated over what to do while William ravaged the countryside, which led to Ealdred and Edgar's submission to William.

Grimbald and John the Saxon came from Francia ; Plegmund ( whom Alfred appointed archbishop of Canterbury in 890 ), Bishop Werferth of Worcester, Æthelstan, and the royal chaplains Werwulf, from Mercia ; and Asser, from St. David's in south-western Wales.

Æthelstan's campaign is reported by in brief by the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, and later chroniclers such as John of Worcester, William of Malmesbury, Henry of Huntingdon, and Symeon of Durham add detail to that bald account.

A negotiated settlement may have ended matters: according to John of Worcester, a son of Constantine was given as a hostage to Æthelstan and Constantin himself accompanied the English king on his return south.

Another son had died at Brunanburh, and, according to John of Worcester, Amlaíb mac Gofraid was married to a daughter of Constantine.

John of Worcester and William of Malmesbury add some lively detail by suggesting that Edmund had been feasting with his nobles, when he spotted Leofa in the crowd.

* 1555 – John Hooper, Bishop of Gloucester & Worcester ( burned at the stake ) ( b. ca.

John Coolidge Adams was born in Worcester, Massachusetts, in 1947.

Worcester: John Martin.

Sunspot activity in 1129 was described by John of Worcester, and Averroes provided a description of sunspots later in the 12th century ; however, these observations were also misinterpreted as planetary transits, until Galileo gave the correct explanation in 1612.

First made at 60 Broad Street, Worcester, England, by two dispensing chemists, John Wheeley Lea and William Henry Perrins, the Lea & Perrins brand was commercialised in 1837 and has been produced in the current Midlands Road factory in Worcester since 16 October 1897.

Messrs Lea and Perrins, being John Wheeley Lea ( research and product development ) and William Perrins ( finance ), from their building in Broad Street, Worcester, ran by far the most important and successful chemist and druggist business in the county.

* July 7 – Florence of Worcester, long thought to be the author of the chronicle of John of Worcester

His opinions proved controversial to fellow clergymen, and around 1522 he was called before John Bell, the Chancellor of the Diocese of Worcester, though no formal charges were laid.

John Henry Fleming's Fearsome Creatures of Florida ( Pocol Press, 2009 ) borrows from the medieval bestiary tradition to impart moral lessons about the environment.

The new name " Falstaff " probably derived from the medieval knight Sir John Fastolf ( who was also a Lollard ).

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, John Horace Round and Frederic William Maitland, both historians of medieval Britain, arrived at different conclusions as to the character of English society before the Norman Conquest in 1066.

The theory of impetus, the ancestor to the concepts of inertia and momentum, was developed along similar lines by medieval philosophers such as John Philoponus and Jean Buridan.

The true forerunner of human rights discourse was the concept of natural rights which appeared as part of the medieval Natural law tradition that became prominent during the Enlightenment with such philosophers as John Locke, Francis Hutcheson, and Jean-Jacques Burlamaqui, and featured prominently in the political discourse of the American Revolution and the French Revolution.

Shortly after his birth, John was passed from Eleanor into the care of a wet nurse, a traditional practice for medieval noble families.

Richard appears to have started to recognise John as his legitimate heir in the final years before his death, but the matter was not clear-cut and medieval law gave little guidance as to how the competing claims should be decided.

John Speed's Historie of Great Britaine in 1632 praised John's " great renown " as a king ; he blamed the bias of medieval chroniclers for the king's poor reputation.

John of Gaunt spent lavishly in the late 14th century, turning the medieval castle into a palace fortress designed in the latest perpendicular style.

However, there was no Pope John XX, owing to confusion caused by medieval historians misreading the Liber Pontificalis to refer to another Pope John between John XIV and John XV.

After his death, it was rumored that John XXI had actually been a magician ( a suspicion frequently directed towards the few scholars among medieval popes even during their papacy ; cf.

Secularism draws its intellectual roots from Greek and Roman philosophers such as Marcus Aurelius and Epicurus ; medieval Muslim polymaths such as Ibn Rushd ; Enlightenment thinkers such as Denis Diderot, Voltaire, Baruch Spinoza, John Locke, James Madison, Thomas Jefferson, and Thomas Paine ; and more recent freethinkers, agnostics, and atheists such as Robert Ingersoll and Bertrand Russell.

A celebrated medieval series of commentaries was that composed by the Cistercians Bernard of Clairvaux, Gilbert of Hoilandia, and John of Ford over the course of several decades, each continuing the work of the previous.

Stephen remains a popular subject for historical study: David Crouch suggests that after King John he is " arguably the most written-about medieval king of England ".

It is widely accepted that Copernicus's De revolutionibus followed the outline and method set by Ptolemy in his Almagest and employed geometrical constructions that had been developed previously by the Maragheh school in his heliocentric model, and that Galileo's mathematical treatment of acceleration and his concept of impetus rejected earlier medieval analyses of motion, rejecting by name ; Averroes, Avempace, Jean Buridan, and John Philoponus ( see Theory of impetus ).

Ockham and his works have been discussed as a possible influence on several late medieval literary figures and works, especially Geoffrey Chaucer, but also Jean Molinet, the Gawain Poet, François Rabelais, John Skelton, Julian of Norwich, the York and Townely Plays, and Renaissance romances.

* August 29 – John Hastings, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, medieval English nobleman and soldier ( d. 1375 )

Eventually the medieval remedies were ( mostly ) abolished by the Real Property Limitation Act of 1833 ; the fictional characters of John Doe and Richard Roe by the Common Law Procedure Act 1852 ; and the forms of action themselves by the Judicature Acts 1873-75.

During the later medieval period the town was also called St John's Toun or Saint Johnstoun by its inhabitants in reference to the main church dedicated to St John the Baptist.

During much of the later medieval period it was known colloquially by its Scots-speaking inhabitants as " St. John's Toun " or " Saint Johnstoun " because the church at the centre of the parish was dedicated to St. John the Baptist.

In the words of the chronicler John Stow:

In naval warfare, the fleet of the Byzantine Emperor Anastasius I ( r. 491 – 518 ) is recorded by the chronicler John Malalas as having utilized a sulphur-based mixture to defeat the revolt of Vitalian in AD 515, following the advice of a philosopher from Athens called Proclus.

He borrowed it from the writings of the 16th-century chronicler John Mair or a 17th-century ballad presumably to make the plot of his novel more gripping.

According to the contemporary chronicler John Strecche, who lived at the neighbouring Kenilworth Priory, the French openly mocked Henry in 1414 by sending him a gift of tennis balls at Kenilworth.

This interpretation derives from the Chronicle attributed to the 14th-century chronicler of Scotland, John of Fordun, as well as from earlier sources such as William of Malmesbury.

It became attached to him because the chronicler John of Fordun called him the " Lion of Justice ".

** John Hardyng, English chronicler ( b. 1378 )

** John of Fordun, Scottish chronicler

* John Malalas, Greek chronicler ( approximate date )

* June – Friar John Clyn, Franciscan and Irish chronicler

* November 12 – John of Viktring, Austrian chronicler and political advisor in Carinthia ( b. 1270 – 1280 )

** John Hardyng, English chronicler ( d. 1465 )

** John of Fordun, Scottish chronicler

* John Clyn, Irish chronicler, believed to have been born about this year.

The dethroned King John, whom a Scottish chronicler dubbed ' toom tabard ' (' empty coat ')

* John Malalas, Byzantine chronicler

" He was also a history enthusiast, and in 1559 suggested to the tailor John Stow to become a chronicler ( as Stow recalled in 1604 ).

According to the chronicler John the Deacon, author of the Chronicon Venetum (" Chronicle of Venice "), written about AD 1000, the office of the Doge was first instituted in Venice about 700, replacing tribunes that had led the cluster of early settlements in the lagoon.

The ceremony was first described by the chronicler John of Viktring on the occasion of the coronation of Meinhard II of Tyrol in 1286.

In order to counter the influence of Pope John X ( whom the hostile chronicler Liutprand of Cremona alleges was another of her lovers ), Marozia subsequently married his opposer Guy of Tuscany, who loved his beautiful wife as much as he loved power.

Wallingford flourished as a trading centre throughout most of the Middle Ages, and Wallingford Priory produced two of the greatest minds of the age, the mathematician Richard of Wallingford and the chronicler John of Wallingford.

* John of Wallingford, chronicler