Anthemius of Tralles ( c. 474 – before 558 ; ) was a Greek professor of Geometry in Constantinople ( present-day Istanbul in Turkey ) and architect, who collaborated with Isidore of Miletus to build the church of Hagia Sophia by the order of Justinian I. Anthemius came from an educated family, one of five sons of Stephanus of Tralles, a physician.

This story survived in the works of Hesychius of Miletus, who in all probability lived in the time of Justinian I.

The city was sacked by the Samaritans in 529, but rebuilt by the Byzantine emperor Justinian I. Bethlehem was conquered by the Arab Caliphate of ' Umar ibn al-Khattāb in 637, who guaranteed safety for the city's religious shrines.

In the 6th century, the Neoplatonist philosopher Simplicius, who was persecuted for his pagan beliefs during the reign of Justinian, wrote an extant commentary on the Enchiridion.

Justin, who was in the imperial guard ( the Excubitors ) before he became emperor, adopted Justinian, brought him to Constantinople, and ensured the boy's education.

Chronicler John Malalas, who lived during the reign of Justinian, tells of his appearance that he was short, fair skinned, curly haired, round faced and handsome.

They forced him to dismiss Tribonian and two of his other ministers, and then attempted to overthrow Justinian himself and replace him by the senator Hypatius, who was a nephew of the late emperor Anastasius.

King Hilderic, who had maintained good relations with Justinian and the North African Catholic clergy, had been overthrown by his cousin Gelimer in 530.

Justinian, who continued this policy, tried to impose religious unity on his subjects by forcing them to accept doctrinal compromises that might appeal to all parties, a policy which proved unsuccessful as he satisfied none of them.

In the course of his reign Justinian, who had a genuine interest in matters of theology, authored a small number of theological treatises.

In 527, the first year of Eastern Roman Emperor Justinian I's reign, he became the adsessor ( legal adviser ) for Belisarius, Justinian's chief military commander who was then beginning a brilliant career.

However, this dating was disputed by Hypatius of Ephesus, who met the monophysite party during the 532 meeting with Emperor Justinian I ; Hypatius denied its authenticity on the grounds that none of the Fathers or Councils ever cited or referred to it.

In 554, Granada and southernmost Hispania Baetica were lost to representatives of the Byzantine Empire ( to form the province of Spania ) who had been invited in to help settle a Visigothic dynastic struggle, but who stayed on, as a hoped-for spearhead to a " Reconquest " of the far west envisaged by emperor Justinian I.

Meanwhile, the surviving Eastern Roman Empire began to expand under the emperor Justinian, who eventually recaptured North Africa from the Vandals, and attempted to fully recover Italy as well in the hope of re-establishing Roman control over the lands once ruled by the Western Roman Empire.

* Justinian, later Byzantine emperor, marries in Constantinople his mistress Theodora, who is by profession a courtesan ( approximate date ).

* August 1 – Justin I, age 77, dies at Constantinople and is succeeded by Justinian I who becomes sole emperor.

* Byzantine emperor Justinian II sends a fleet to Italy under the patrikios Theodore, to intervene in the dispute between Pope Constantine and the archbishop Felix of Ravenna, who claimed to be independent of the pope's authority.

For example the title was applied to the Byzantine empress Theodora, who had started life as an erotic actress but later became the wife of the Emperor Justinian and, after her death, an Orthodox saint.

Sicily was the first part of Italy to be taken under control of General Belisarius who was commissioned by Eastern Emperor Justinian I who solidified his rule in the following years.

The eastern Roman Emperor Justinian I, who had supported Hilderic, soon declared war on the Vandals, ostensibly to restore Hilderic.

Procopius writes that he was " a very particular friend and guest-friend of Justinian, who had not yet come to the throne ", noting that Hilderic and Justinian exchanged large presents of money to each other.

He had also sampled various special fields of learning, being unable to miss some study of divinity, Justinian ( law ), and Galen ( medicine ).

In particular the so-called Plague of Justinian had ravaged the region and conflict remained endemic, with the Three-Chapter Controversy sparking religious opposition and administration at a standstill after the able governor of the peninsula, Narses, was recalled.

Justinian also had Anthemius and Isidore demolish and replace the original Church of the Holy Apostles built by Constantine with a new church under the same dedication.

During his reign Justinian also subdued the Tzani, a people on the east coast of the Black Sea that had never been under Roman rule before.

Justinian would have, in earlier times, been unable to marry her because of her class, but his uncle Emperor Justin I had passed a law allowing intermarriage between social classes.

Justinian achieved lasting fame through his judicial reforms, particularly through the complete revision of all Roman law, something that had not previously been attempted.

On Theodora's insistence, and apparently against his own judgment, Justinian had Anastasius ' nephews executed.

The destruction that had taken place during the revolt provided Justinian with an opportunity to tie his name to a series of splendid new buildings, most notably the architectural innovation of the domed Hagia Sophia.

Having thus secured his eastern frontier, Justinian turned his attention to the West, where Arian Germanic kingdoms had been established in the territories of the former Western Roman Empire.

Justinian saw the orthodoxy of his empire threatened by diverging religious currents, especially Monophysitism, which had many adherents in the eastern provinces of Syria and Egypt.

Justinian entered the arena of ecclesiastical statecraft shortly after his uncle's accession in 518, and put an end to the Monophysite schism that had prevailed between Rome and Constantinople since 483.

At the start of Justinian I's reign he had inherited a surplus 28, 800, 000 solidi ( 400, 000 pounds of gold ) in the imperial treasury from Anastasius I and Justin I.

It has been estimated that before Justinian I's reconquests the state had an annual revenue of 5, 000, 000 solidi in AD 530, but after his reconquests, the annual revenue was increased to 6, 000, 000 solidi in AD 550.

Justinian had the city rebuilt, but on a slightly smaller scale.

Some, including the Byzantine chronicler Theophanes, have claimed that Konon's family had been resettled in Thrace, where he entered the service of Emperor Justinian II, when the latter was advancing on Constantinople with an army of 15, 000 horsemen provided by Tervel of Bulgaria in 705.

As a result of the dispute, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian II ordered Sergius I's abduction ( as his predecessor Constans II had done with Pope Martin I ), but with the assistance of the exarch of Ravenna, Sergius I was able to avoid trial in Constantinople.

Peter the Deacon gives a list of some seventy books Desiderius had copied at Monte Cassino, including works of Saint Augustine, Saint Ambrose, Saint Bede, Saint Basil, Saint Jerome, Saint Gregory of Nazianzus and Cassian, the registers of Popes Felix and Leo, the histories of Josephus, Paul Warnfrid, Jordanes and Saint Gregory of Tours, the Institutes and Novels of Justinian, the works of Terence, Virgil and Seneca, Cicero's De natura deorum, and Ovid's Fasti.

By the 6th century, Emperor Justinian had re-conquered the area for the Byzantine Empire.

Scholars A. Solovjev and Soulis conclude that the Council of 1349 issued a three-part comprehensive legal document, since most early manuscripts of the Code also contain two other texts: The first part was an abridgement of the Syntagma, the second part was the " Code of Justinian " ( an abridgement of The Partner's Law ), and the third part was always Dušan's Code itself.

However, the eastern hankering after the eremitical life long survived, and it was only by dint of legislation, both ecclesiastical ( council of Chalcedon ) and civil ( Justinian Code ), that the Basilian cenobitic form of monasticism came to prevail throughout the Greek-speaking lands, though the eremitical forms have always maintained themselves.

* 738 A. D .-In Justinian Code, Emperor Justinian deduced that deaf and mute are two different traits and are not always together.