In 1086 Yusuf ibn Tashfin was invited by the taifa Muslim princes of the Iberian Peninsula ( Al-Andalus ) to defend their territories from Alfonso VI, King of León and Castile.

Afonso I was the son of Henry of Burgundy and Theresa of León, the natural daughter of King Alfonso VI of León.

Meanwhile, King Alfonso VII of León ( Afonso's cousin ) regarded the independent ruler of Portugal as nothing but a rebel.

Afonso II (; English Alphonzo ), or Affonso ( Archaic Portuguese ), Alfonso or Alphonso ( Portuguese-Galician ) or Alphonsus ( Latin version ), nicknamed " the Fat " ( Portuguese o Gordo ), King of Portugal, was born in Coimbra on 23 April 1185 and died on 25 March 1223 in the same city.

He divorced Matilda in 1253 and, in the same year, married Beatrice of Castile, illegitimate daughter of Alfonso X, King of Castile, and Mayor Guillén de Guzmán ( Maria de Guzman ).

The first-born of this union, Infanta Maria of Portugal, married King Alfonso XI of Castile in 1328, at the same time that Afonso IV's heir, Peter I of Portugal, was promised to another Castilian infanta, Constance of Peñafiel.

Alfonso XII ( born Alfonso Francisco de Asís Fernando Pío Juan María de la Concepción Gregorio Pelayo ) ( Madrid, 28 November 1857 – El Pardo, 25 November 1885 ) was King of Spain, reigning from 1874 to 1885, after a coup d ' état restored the monarchy and ended the ephemeral First Spanish Republic.

Alfonso was the son of Queen Isabella II of Spain, and allegedly, of her husband and King Consort, Francis, Duke of Cádiz.

He assumed the title of Alfonso XII, for although no King of united Spain had borne the name " Alfonso XI ", the Spanish monarchy was regarded as continuous with the more ancient monarchy represented by the 11 kings of Asturias, León and Castile also named Alfonso.

Alfonso XIII ( Alfonso León Fernando María Jaime Isidro Pascual Antonio de Borbón y Austria-Lorena ; 17 May 1886 – 28 February 1941 ) was King of Spain from 1886 until 1931.

Alfonso was born in Madrid, posthumously born son of Alfonso XII of Spain, and became King of Spain upon his birth.

Once the Spanish Civil War broke out, Alfonso made it clear he favoured the military uprising against the Popular Front government, but General Francisco Franco in September 1936 declared that the Nationalists would never accept Alfonso as King ( the supporters of the rival Carlist pretender made up an important part of the Franco Army ).

On 15 January 1941, Alfonso XIII abdicated his rights to the Spanish throne in favour of his third ( of four ), but second-surviving, son Juan, father of the current King, Juan Carlos.

1929 portrait of King Alfonso XIIIOn 31 May 1906, at the Royal Monastery of San Geronimo in Madrid, Alfonso married Scottish-born Princess Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg ( 1887 – 1969 ), a niece of King Edward VII of the United Kingdom, and a granddaughter of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

* Infante Juan Carlos Teresa Silvestre Alfonso of Spain ( 1913 – 1993 ), named heir to the throne and Count of Barcelona, whose son is the current King, Juan Carlos I of Spain.

* Order of the Chrysanthemum, 1930: Emperor Showa's second brother, Prince Takamatsu, traveled to Madrid to confer the Great Collar of the Chrysanthemum on King Alfonso.

Alfonso XIII appears as " King Buby " in Luis Coloma's story of Ratoncito Pérez ( 1894 ), which was written for the King when he was 8 years old.

* 1931 – Spanish Cortes depose King Alfonso XIII and proclaims the 2nd Spanish Republic.

The political unrest of the late 1920s led to the victory of Republican candidates in local council elections throughout the country, and the abdication of King Alfonso XIII.

Constitutional monarchy continued under King Alfonso XIII.

In order to avoid accountability, King Alfonso XIII decided to support the dictatorship of General Miguel Primo de Rivera, ending the period of constitutional monarchy in Spain.

At the same time, Charles XIII is elected to succeed Gustav IV Adolf as King of Sweden.

* King Louis XIII of France used the letter lambda as his personal symbol rather than monogram.

) On the occasion of the 5th Universala Kongreso de Esperanto in Barcelona, Zamenhof was made a Commander of the Order of Isabella the Catholic by King Alfonso XIII of Spain.

D ' Esnambuc claimed Martinique for French King Louis XIII and the French " Compagnie des Îles de l ' Amérique " ( Company of the American Islands ), and established the first European settlement at Fort Saint-Pierre ( now St. Pierre ).

* 1643 – Four-year-old Louis XIV becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Louis XIII.

The border remained stable until the annexation of the Three Bishoprics Metz, Toul and Verdun by King Henry II in 1552 and the occupation of the Duchy of Lorraine by the forces of King Louis XIII in 1633.

* 1748 – King Charles XIII of Sweden ( d. 1818 )

On 8 November 1760, Clement XIII issued a Papal bull Quantum ornamenti, which approved the request of King Charles III of Spain to invoke the Immaculate Conception as the Patroness of the Spanish Kingdom, along with its eastern and western territories, while also maintaining Saint James the Greater be given a distinguished honor as co-patron.

* Another popular explanation says that King Alfonso XIII stopped by a famous tavern in Cádiz ( Andalusian city ) where he ordered a cup of wine.

Other successful titles that followed include BlazBlue: Calamity Trigger, Marvel vs. Capcom 3: Fate of Two Worlds, Mortal Kombat, Super Smash Bros. Brawl, Street Fighter X Tekken, and The King of Fighters XIII.

Several times during the 1610s, the Gondi invited King Louis XIII to hunt in the large forests around Versailles.

King Louis XIV, son of Louis XIII, was only five years old when his father died.

* February 5 – Upon his death, King Charles XIII of Sweden ( Charles II of Norway ) is succeeded on both thrones by his adoptive son Charles XIV / III John, starting the Royal House of Bernadotte.

* February 5 – Charles XIII / Charles II, King of Sweden and Norway ( b. 1748 )

* King Alfonso XIII ( Spain )

The church and the Information Age: This would include topics like how the church seeks to battle pornography, its use of the internet, its battle to control its public image, broadcasting the Nauvoo temple dedication, appearances on Larry King Live, and so on.

In his fictional historical essay " The Hyborian Age ", Howard describes how the people of Atlantis — the land where his character King Kull originated — had to move east after a great cataclysm changed the face of the world and sank their island, settling where Ireland and Scotland would eventually be located, Thus they are ( in Howard's work ) the ancestors of the Irish and Scottish ( the Celtic Gaels ) and not the Picts, the other ancestor of modern Scots who also appear in Howard's work.

* Biographies of monarchs & other royalty from those little known kingdoms that existed in Britain during the Age of King Arthur at -

He was King of Sweden ( 1611 – 1632 ) and founder of the Swedish Empire ( or Stormaktstiden " the era of great power ") at the beginning of the Golden Age of Sweden.

" King Priam's Treasure " was found in the Troy II level, that of the primitive Early Bronze Age, long before Priam's city of Troy VI or Troy VIIa in the prosperous and elaborate Mycenaean Age.

In later Jewish messianic tradition and eschatology, a messiah is a leader anointed by God, and in some cases, a future King of Israel, physically descended from the Davidic line, who will rule the united tribes of Israel and herald the Messianic Age of global peace.

In Jewish eschatology, the term came to refer to a future Jewish King from the Davidic line, who will be " anointed " with holy anointing oil and rule the Jewish people during the Messianic Age.

Sarah Morris demonstrated ( Morris 2004 ) that donkeys ' ears were a Bronze Age royal attribute, borne by King Tarkasnawa ( Greek Tarkondemos ) of Mira, on a seal inscribed in both Hittite cuneiform and Luwian hieroglyphs: in this connection, the myth would appear for Greeks, to justify the exotic attribute.

Hunter ( 2000 ) states that in relation to King Bridei I of the Picts in the sixth century AD: " As for Shetland, Orkney, Skye and the Western Isles, their inhabitants, most of whom appear to have been Pictish in culture and speech at this time, are likely to have regarded Bridei as a fairly distant presence .” In 2011 the collective site, " The Crucible of Iron Age Shetland " including Broch of Mousa, Old Scatness and Jarlshof joined the UKs " Tentative List " of World Heritage Sites.

So far evidence for the earliest periods of the Early Bronze Age in Mesopotamia is very limited. Mesh-Ane-pada is the first king mentioned in the Sumerian King List, and appears to have lived in the 26th century BC.

The end of the Viking Age is traditionally marked in England by the failed invasion attempted by the Norwegian king Harald III ( Haraldr Harðráði ), who was defeated by Saxon King Harold Godwinson in 1066 at the Battle of Stamford Bridge ; in Ireland, the capture of Dublin by Strongbow and his Hiberno-Norman forces in 1171 ; and 1263 in Scotland by the defeat of King Hákon Hákonarson at the Battle of Largs by troops loyal to Alexander III.

The Age of Mackenzie King ( 1976 ), 396pp ; scholarly biography to 1919 ; excerpt and text search.

* Stacey, C. P. Canada and the Age of Conflict: Volume 2: 1921 – 1948 ; the Mackenzie King Era, University of Toronto Press 1981, ISBN 0-08-202397-5.

Since the Middle Age, the kings of Denmark and Denmark – Norway carried the titles King of the Wends and Goths.

* The 20 highest-grossing films of the decade are ( in order from highest to lowest grossing ): Avatar, The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King, Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest, The Dark Knight, Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone, Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers, Shrek 2, Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, Spider-Man 3, Ice Age: Dawn of the Dinosaurs, Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring, Finding Nemo, Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith, Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen, Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban and Shrek the Third.

* September 9 – Battle of Svolder: King Olaf Tryggvason is defeated by an alliance of his enemies, in this notable naval battle of the Viking Age.

* King Ramkhamhaeng's reign commences as the third king of Thailand's Sukhothai Era, a great " Golden Age " foreshadowing modern Thailand

His successor, King Harald Hardrada attempted the invasion of England in 1066, but was beaten and killed at the battle of Stamford Bridge, an event which is generally considered the end of the Viking Age.

This was Gissur Þorvaldsson, who was made Earl of Iceland by King Haakon IV of Norway for his efforts in bringing Iceland under Norwegian kingship during the Age of the Sturlungs.

* Williams, Ann, ' Athelstan, King of Wessex ', in ( 1991 ) Ann Williams, Alfred P. Smyth and D. P. Kirby eds, A Biographical Dictionary of Dark Age Britain, Seaby

In the year 1601 of the Third Age ( year 1 in the Shire Reckoning ), two Fallohide brothers named Marcho and Blanco gained permission from the King of Arnor at Fornost to cross the River Brandywine and settle on the other side.

Glastonbury has been described as a New Age community which attracts people with New Age and Neopagan beliefs, and is notable for myths and legends often related to Glastonbury Tor, concerning Joseph of Arimathea, the Holy Grail and King Arthur.