Modern use of AAC began in the 1950s with systems for users who had lost the use of speech following surgical procedures.

Modern weather systems also include wind shear and turbulence detection and terrain and traffic warning systems.

Modern coastal artillery ( for example, Russia's " Bereg " system ) is often self propelled, ( allowing it to avoid counter-battery fire ) and fully integrated, meaning that each battery has all of the support systems that it requires ( maintenance, targeting radar, etc.

Modern Class AB amplifiers commonly have peak efficiencies between 30 – 55 % in audio systems and 50-70 % in radio frequency systems with a theoretical maximum of 78. 5 %.

Modern imaging systems like PostScript, Asymptote, Metafont, and SVG use Bézier splines composed of cubic Bézier curves for drawing curved shapes.

Modern concrete wall systems use both external insulation and thermal mass to create an energy-efficient building.

Modern systems, such as Sogou Pinyin and Google Pinyin, predict the desired characters based on context and user preferences.

Modern flash chromatography systems are sold as pre-packed plastic cartridges, and the solvent is pumped through the cartridge.

Modern guidance systems permit precise attacks.

Modern operating systems have complex systems to properly manage memory.

Modern day control engineering ( also called control systems engineering ) is a relatively new field of study that gained a significant attention during 20th century with the advancement in technology.

Modern cartography is closely integrated with geographic information science ( GIScience ) and constitutes many theoretical and practical foundations of geographic information systems.

Modern cable systems are large, with a single network and headend often serving an entire metropolitan area or county.

The fifth and sixth versions of Gamma World take the game's tendency of mimicking other games to its logical end, adopting the rules systems of other games wholesale: The fifth edition of the game uses the Alternity rules, while the sixth edition uses the d20 Modern rules.

Modern flight management systems have evolved sufficiently to allow a crew to plan a flight not only as to route and altitude, but to specific time of arrival at specific locations.

Modern mainframes can run multiple different instances of operating systems at the same time.

Modern Digital Command Control ( DCC ) systems use alternating current.

Modern systems are designed for users to submit messages to their local servers for policy, not technical, reasons.

Modern hypertext systems with word and phrase-level linking offer more sophistication in connecting relevant information, but until the rise of wiki and other social software models, modern hypertext systems have rarely imitated Bush in providing individuals with the ability to create personal trails and share them with colleagues-or publish them widely.

Modern phonetics begins with attempts — such as those of Joshua Steele ( in Prosodia Rationalis, 1779 ) and Alexander Melville Bell ( in Visible Speech, 1867 ) — to introduce systems of precise notation for speech sounds.

Modern cleanrooms use automated, robotic wafer track systems to coordinate the process.

Modern psychiatric knowledge provides us with many keys to unlock the significance of behavior of the kind.

On the other hand, the bright vision of the future has been directly stated in science fiction concerned with projecting ideal societies -- science fiction, of course, is related, if sometimes distantly, to that utopian literature optimistic about science, literature whose period of greatest vigor in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries produced Edward Bellamy's Looking Backward and H. G. Wells's A Modern Utopia.

`` To give up these notions required a revolution in thought '', Mr. Clark said in reminiscing about the abrupt changes in ideas he experienced when he began reading `` Organic Gardening '' And `` Modern Nutrition '' in a search for help with his problems.

Modern music is available in several facets: raï music is a style typical of Western Algeria with his two fiefs are Oran and Sidi Bel Abbès.

Modern amphibians have fully ossified vertebrae with articular processes.

Modern definitions are concerned with the fundamental chemical reactions common to all acids.

Modern moorings may be anchored by sand screws which look and act very much like oversized screws drilled into the seabed, or by barbed metal beams pounded in ( or even driven in with explosives ) like pilings, or a variety of other non-mass means of getting a grip on the bottom.

* Modern Neopagans, especially Eco-Pagans, sometimes like to describe themselves as animists, meaning that they respect the diverse community of living beings and spirits with whom humans share the world / cosmos.

Modern critics are more likely to find fault with the narrow definition of the citizen body, but in the ancient world the complaint if anything went in the opposite direction.

Modern displays allow weather information to be integrated with moving maps, terrain, and traffic onto a single screen, greatly simplifying navigation.

Modern weapons include the Russian ZSU-23-4 Shilka and Tunguska-M1, South Korean K30 Biho and K263A1 radar-guided Vulcan, Chinese Type 95 SPAAA, Swedish CV9040 AAV, Polish PZA Loara, American M6 Bradley Linebacker and M1097 Humvee Avenger, Yugoslavian BOV-3, Canadian ADATS, aging German Gepard, Japanese Type 87 SPAAG and similar versions with the British Marksman turret ( which was also adapted for a number of other users ), Italian SIDAM 25 and Otomatic, and versions of the French AMX-13.

Woman with Her Throat Cut, 1932 ( cast 1949 ), Museum of Modern Art | Museum of Modern Art, New York City

Modern Jains deny this vehemently, especially with regard to Mahavira himself.

Modern advertising was created with the innovative techniques introduced with tobacco advertising in the 1920s, most significantly with the campaigns of Edward Bernays, which is often considered the founder of modern, Madison Avenue advertising.

Modern birds are characterised by feathers, a beak with no teeth, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a lightweight but strong skeleton.

Modern bicycle brakes may be: rim brakes, in which friction pads are compressed against the wheel rims ; internal hub brakes, in which the friction pads are contained within the wheel hubs ; or disc brakes, with a separate rotor for braking.

The historical development of the Bulgarian language can be described as a transition from a highly synthetic language ( Old Bulgarian ) to a typical analytic language ( Modern Bulgarian ) with Middle Bulgarian as a midpoint in this transition.

Several Cyrillic alphabets with 28 to 44 letters were used in the beginning and the middle of the 19th century during the efforts on the codification of Modern Bulgarian until an alphabet with 32 letters, proposed by Marin Drinov, gained prominence in the 1870s.

Modern cymbals consist of several types of bronze, the most common being B20 bronze, which is roughly 20 % tin, 80 % copper, with traces of silver.

Modern electronic commerce typically uses the World Wide Web at least at one point in the transaction's life-cycle, although it may encompass a wider range of technologies such as e-mail, mobile devices and telephones as well.

Due to his literary style and the thoroughness of his research — which seemingly included studying Roman imperial archives and heavily relying on Thucydides — and his apparent rigor — for he tended not to support any character or subject, taking an impartial point of view — he was by far the most read and admired historian during the Middle Ages, the Renaissance and the early Modern Era.

Modern tests and contemporary accounts agree therefore that well-made plate armour could protect against longbows, however there are a number of caveats to this point ; not all plate armour was well-made or well looked after, and there were also weak points in the eye and air holes and joints where arrows could penetrate, meaning that even if the armour was proof against nearly all arrows, being shot at by thousands of longbowmen would have been an uncomfortable experience, physically and mentally.

Modern mainframe design is generally less defined by single-task computational speed ( typically defined as MIPS rate or FLOPS in the case of floating point calculations ), and more by:

The vowels of Modern Standard Arabic and Israeli Hebrew from the phonetic point of view.

Modern systems with a higher time resolution ( roughly 3 nanoseconds ) also use a technique ( called " Time-of-flight ") where they more precisely decide the difference in time between the detection of the two photons and can thus localize the point of origin of the annihilation event between the two detectors to within 10 cm.

The word Viking was introduced into Modern English during the 18th-century Viking revival, at which point it acquired romanticised heroic overtones of " barbarian warrior " or noble savage.

Modern parabolic antennas in radio telescopes and communications satellites often use arrays of feedhorns clustered around the focal point, to create a particular beam pattern.

Modern Wengi bridge, the Roman bridge was north of this point.

Furthermore, as some critics have argued, the abandoning of the classical way of doing cinema and so the starting point of the Nouvelle Vague and the Modern Cinema can be found in the post world-war II Italian cinema and in the neorealism experiences.

Although even in Modern Orthodox circles there are some Rabbis ( e. g. Professor Marc Shapiro ) that point out the numerous rabbinic sources from the Talmudic, Post-Talmudic, and medieval ages that claim that there were some changes to the text, which include whole verses, that were made deliberately during the Mishnaic era, and even during the times of the first temple.

Modern point of sale systems can operate on computer networks using a variety of software programs.

Modern high-level programming languages still follow the sequential-execution model and, indeed, a common way of identifying programming errors is with a “ procedure execution ” in which the programmer's finger identifies the point of execution as a PC would.

Modern top-of-the-line total stations no longer require a reflector or prism ( used to return the light pulses used for distancing ) to return distance measurements, are fully robotic, and can even e-mail point data to the office computer and connect to satellite positioning systems, such as a Global Positioning System.

Modern psychologists point out that suppression of anger may have harmful effects.

Modern archaeological evidence increasingly supports Sheba being located in modern Yemen at or near the site of the famous Marib Dam, which was first built in 5 century BC They may have expanded at some point from Arabia into Africa to found trading posts in the lands currently called Eritrea and Somalia

This Modern World is a weekly satirical comic strip by cartoonist and political commentator Tom Tomorrow ( real name Dan Perkins ) that covers current events from a liberal point of view.

Modern philosophy has generally denied the possibility of knowledge independent of the senses, and Immanuel Kant gave this point of view its classical version, saying that the noumenal world may exist, but it is completely unknowable to humans.

Tomlin has been involved in a number of feminist and gay-friendly film productions, and on her 1975 album Modern Scream she poked fun at straight actors who make a point of distancing themselves from their gay and lesbian charactersanswering the pseudo-interview question, she replied: " How did it feel to play a heterosexual?

Modern processors are even capable of executing multiple ' fixed point ' instructions in parallel with the simultaneous execution of a floating point instruction.

Modern occultist elaborations bracket them with the salamander, a type of spirit wholly independent from humans ( unlike ghosts, which are presumed to have been humans at some point in the past ).

A final point is thatalthough characters have remained roughly the same since the Han dynasty and some classical grammar is still part of the core curriculum of Chinese secondary schoolsvocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation have all changed from Old to Middle to Modern Chinese even within the prestige dialects.

Chalcis or Chalkida (; Modern Greek: Χαλκίδα, Ancient Greek / Katharevousa: Χαλκίς ), the chief town of the island of Euboea in Greece, is situated on the strait of the Evripos at its narrowest point.