Via Schopenhauer, Nietzsche discusses the " wisdom of Silenus " in The Birth of Tragedy.

") from his book On the Genealogy of Morals, Friedrich Nietzsche discusses what he terms the " ascetic ideal " and its role in the formulation of morality along with the history of the will.

Originally educated as a philologist, Nietzsche discusses the history of the tragic form and introduces an intellectual dichotomy between the Dionysian and the Apollonian ( very loosely: reality undifferentiated by forms versus reality as differentiated by forms ).

In the opening two parts of the book, Nietzsche discusses in turn the philosophers of the past, whom he accuses of a blind dogmatism plagued by moral prejudice masquerading as a search for objective truth ; and the " free spirits ", like himself, who are to replace them.

Nietzsche discusses the complexities of the German soul (§ 244 ), praises the Jews and heavily criticizes the trend of German anti-Semitism (§ 251 ).

He is probably most known for his two books From Hegel to Nietzsche, which describes the decline of German classical philosophy, and Meaning in History, which discusses the problematic relationship between theology and history.

In the 19th century, Nietzsche began to write a series of attacks on the " unnatural " teachings of Christianity ( e. g. avoidance of temptations ), and continued anti-Christian attacks to the end of his life.

Philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche suggested that egoistic or " life-affirming " behavior stimulates jealousy or " ressentiment " in others, and that this is the psychological motive for the altruism in Christianity.

Early German use of the term judenchristlich (" Jewish-Christian "), in a decidedly negative sense, can be found in the late writings of Friedrich Nietzsche, who emphasized what he saw as neglected aspects of continuity between the Jewish world view and that of Christianity.

Nietzsche asserts that with the decline of Christianity and the rise of physiological decadence, nihilism is in fact characteristic of the modern age, though he implies that the rise of nihilism is still incomplete and that it has yet to be overcome.

It is therefore that Nietzsche states that we have outgrown Christianity " not because we lived too far from it, rather because we lived too close.

Because Christianity was an interpretation that posited itself as the interpretation, Nietzsche states that this dissolution leads beyond skepticism to a distrust of all meaning.

Nietzsche describes the morality of the ascetic priest as characterized by Christianity as one where, finding oneself in pain or despair and desiring to perish from it, the will to live causes one to place oneself in a state of hibernation and denial of the material world in order to minimize that pain and thus preserve life, a technique which Nietzsche locates at the very origin of secular science as well as of religion.

This arrangement stands in marked contrast to some recent philosophy in the West, which has traditionally enforced either a completely unified philosophic / religious belief system ( for example, the various sects and associated philosophies of Christianity, Judaism, and Islam ), or a sharp and total repudiation of some forms of religion by philosophy ( for example, Nietzsche, Marx, Voltaire, etc.

His criticism is reminiscent of Friedrich Nietzsche who would denounce Christianity on many of the same grounds eighty years later.

There are frequent comparisons between Buddhism and the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche, who praised Buddhism in his 1895 work The Anti-Christ, calling it " a hundred times more realistic than Christianity ".

In his last book of philosophy, Der Antichrist, Friedrich Nietzsche discussed the inseparable relationship between Christianity and anarchism:

Having provided throughout his career an idealistic way of grasping the Will, in contrast to Schopenhauer ’ s pessimistic treatment, it remained for Royce to rescue Pauline Christianity, in its universalized and modernized form, from the critique of Nietzsche and others who tended to understand will in terms of power and who had rightly observed that the historic doctrine was no longer believable to the modern mind.

Nietzsche contrasts southern ( Catholic ) and northern ( Protestant ) Christianity ; northern Europeans have much less " talent for religion " (§ 48 ) and lack " southern delicatezza " (§ 50 ).

Benoist considers himself, however, neither left nor right-wing, and has recently tried to appear less radical: in his preference for Martin Heidegger over his first influence, Friedrich Nietzsche ; his support of multiculturalism rather than disappearance of immigrants ' identities ( though he does not support immigration itself ); his interest in ecology ; and a less aggressive view of Christianity.

With the decline of antiquity and the spread of Christianity, the concept fell into disuse in the western world, though Friedrich Nietzsche resurrected it as a thought experiment to argue for amor fati.

Here Nietzsche attacks religious worship, asserting that " Christianity wants to destroy, shatter, stun, intoxicate.

Christianity, as a religion of peace, is despised by Nietzsche.

Although he considered both Christianity and Buddhism to be nihilistic, decadent religions, Nietzsche did consider Buddhism more realistic because it posed objective problems and did not use the concept of God.

" Buddhism had its roots in higher and also learned classes of people, whereas Christianity was the religion of the lowest classes, Nietzsche wrote.

Christianity then negated the Jewish church and its holy, chosen people, according to Nietzsche.

Nietzsche saw a world – historical irony in the way that the Christian Church developed in antithetical opposition to the Evangel and the Gospel of early Christianity.

" According to Nietzsche, " In Christianity, as the art of holy lying, the whole of Judaism ... attains its ultimate perfection.

Nietzsche alleged that "... one is not ' converted ' to Christianity — one must be sufficiently sick for it.

This hypothesis of the contents of the Mouseion, originally suggested by Nietzsche ( Rheinisches Museum 25 ( 1870 ) & 28 ( 1873 )), appears to have been confirmed by three papyrus finds – one 3rd century BC ( Flinders Petrie Papyri, ed.

Epicurus was also a significant source of inspiration and interest for both Arthur Schopenhauer, having particular influence on the famous pessimist's views on suffering and death, as well as one of Schopenhauer's successors: Friedrich Nietzsche.

Major influences were Friedrich Nietzsche, Oswald Spengler and, most importantly, Houston Stewart Chamberlain, the British-born German writer who was one of the founders of " scientific " anti-Semitism, and whose book The Foundations of the Nineteenth Century ( 1899 ) was one of the standard works of the extreme right in Germany.

" Paul Ricœur calls Marx one of the masters of the " school of suspicion ", alongside Friedrich Nietzsche and Sigmund Freud.

For in these was reflected that which a personality must feel concerning the evolution and essential being of humanity when this personality is kept back from grasping the spiritual world by the restricted thought in the philosophy of nature characterizing the end of the 19th century .... What attracted me particularly was that one could read Nietzsche without coming upon anything which strove to make the reader a ' dependent ' of Nietzsche's.

Friedrich Hölderlin and Friedrich Nietzsche were both important influences on Heidegger, and many of his lecture courses were devoted to one or the other, especially in the 1930s and 1940s.

In the essay, Nietzsche describes how such a paradoxical action as asceticism might serve the interests of life: through asceticism one can overcome their desire to perish from pain and despair and attain mastery over oneself.

Nietzsche represented the creative destruction of modernity through the mythical figure of Dionysus, a figure whom he saw as at one and the same time " destructively creative " and " creatively destructive ".

* Friedrich Nietzsche wrote that Pilate is the one powerful personality in the Gospels.

Zeller was also, in Philosophie der Griechen, one of the first to use the term " übermensch ", later reified by Nietzsche, in adjectival form: "... so kann die Glückseligkeit, welche in ihr besteht, auch als eine übermenschliche, die Glückseligkeit der ethischen Tugend dagegen als das eigenthümlich menschliche Gut bezeichnet werden.

Nietzsche is clearly portraying a " new " or " different " Zarathustra, one who turns traditional morality on its head.

Kaufmann's introduction to his own translation included a blistering critique of Common's version ; he notes that in one instance, Common has taken the German " most evil " and rendered it " baddest ", a particularly unfortunate error not merely for his having coined the term " baddest ", but also because Nietzsche dedicated a third of The Genealogy of Morals to the difference between " bad " and " evil ".

The year involved the deaths of at least several highly prominent writers, including among them the following: The late poet Oscar Wilde ( a " celebrity " poet in late-19th century western European society ), the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche ( critical and acclaimed philologist of Weimar Classicism and one of the most famous German thinkers ), the English poet Ernest Dowson ( marking the death of one of the last notable poets of the Decadent movement ), John Ruskin ( one of the most important historical art critics and an influential essayist ), Francišak Bahuševič ( a literary pioneer of New Belarusian literature ), Stephen Crane, R. D. Blackmore and José Maria de Eça de Queiroz, often considered the greatest Portuguese writer in the realist style.

Nietzsche argues that the tragedy of Ancient Greece was the highest form of art due to its mixture of both Apollonian and Dionysian elements into one seamless whole, allowing the spectator to experience the full spectrum of the human condition.

Heidegger, in Strauss ' view, sanitized and politicized Nietzsche, whereas Nietzsche believed " our own principles, including the belief in progress, will become as relative as all earlier principles had shown themselves to be " and " the only way out seems to be ... that one voluntarily choose life-giving delusion instead of deadly truth, that one fabricate a myth ".