The Old Turkic script evident in epigraphy from the 8th century likely also has its origins in the Aramaic script.

Bumin Qaghan ( Old Turkic: 10px10px10px 10px10px10px10px

( Old Turkic: 10px10px10px 10px10px10px10px10px, Bilge qaγan, 毗伽可汗, Pinyin: píjiā kěhàn, Wade-Giles: p ' i-chia k ' o-han, official title: 10px10px10px 10px10px10px10px10px 10px10px10px10px 10px10px10px10px10px 10px10px10px10px10px10px 10px10px10px10px10px10px, Teŋіriteg Тeŋiride bolmuš Türük Bilge qaγan,

These Orkhon inscriptions are the first known texts in the Old Turkic language.

* Vilhelm Thomsen, decipherer of the Old Turkic script

The Old Turkic name was 10px10px10px10px Türük, 10px10px10px10px 10px10px10px Kök Türük, or 10px10px10px10px Türük.

The word Türk meant " strong " in Old Turkic.

The Khazars ( Old Turkic: 10px10px10px10px10px ) were semi-nomadic Turkic people who established one of the largest polities of medieval Eurasia, with the capital of Atil and territory comprising much of modern-day European Russia, western Kazakhstan, eastern Ukraine, Azerbaijan, large portions of the northern Caucasus ( Circassia, Dagestan ), parts of Georgia, the Crimea, and northeastern Turkey.

Khazars were judged according to Tōra ( orders of the Khagan ; coming from the root Tōr meaning customs ; unwritten law of people in Old Turkic ) ( Modern Turkish: Töre ), while the other tribes were judged according to their own laws.

The Old Turkic script ( also known as variously Göktürk script, Orkhon script, Orkhon-Yenisey script ) is the alphabet used by the Göktürk and other early Turkic Khanates during the 8th to 10th centuries to record the Old Turkic language.

Further Turkic Nestorian manuscripts, that have the same " rune-like " duct as the Old Turkic script, have been found especially in the oasis of Turfan and in the fortress of Miran.

Such vowels can be taken as intrinsic to the consonant sign, giving the Old Turkic alphabet an aspect of an abugida script.

Old Turkic language | Old Turkic inscription with the Orkhon script ( c. 8th century ).

After the discovery and excavation of these monuments and associated stone slabs by Russian archaeologists in the wider area surrounding the Orkhon Valley between 1889 and 1893, it became established that the language on the inscriptions was the Old Turkic language written using the Orkhon script, which has also been referred to as " Turkic runes " or " runiform " due to a superficial similarity to the Germanic runic alphabets.

At one time I became disturbed in the faith in which I had grown up by the apparent inroads being made upon both Old and New Testaments by a `` Higher Criticism '' of the Bible, to refute which I felt the need of a better knowledge of Hebrew and of archaeology, for it seemed to me that to pull out some of the props of our faith was to weaken the entire structure.

:( a ) The Holy Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments, as " containing all things necessary to salvation ," and as being the rule and ultimate standard of faith.

The town remained until late Byzantine times an important toll and customs station of the Hellespont, its importance thereafter being transferred to the Dardanelles, after the building of the " Old Castles " by Sultan Mehmet II ( c. 1456 ).

* 1388 – Despite being outnumbered 16 to 1, forces of the Old Swiss Confederacy are victorious over the Archduchy of Austria in the Battle of Näfels.

Old Earth is noted as being on the other side of the galaxy.

The exact derivation is unclear, with the Old English fiæll or feallan and the Old Norse fall all being possible candidates.

None of these Old Testament passages describe the city of Megiddo as being associated with any particular prophetic beliefs.

The Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox receive several additional books in to their canons based upon their presence in manuscripts of the ancient translation of the Old Testament in to Greek, the Septuagint ( although some of these books, such as Sirach and Tobit, are now known to be extant in Hebrew or Aramaic originals, being found amongst the Dead Sea Scrolls ).

Herald photographer Stanley Forman received two Pulitzer Prizes consecutively in 1976 and 1977, the first being a dramatic shot of a young child falling in mid-air from her mother's arms on the upper stories of a burning apartment building to the waiting arms of firefighters below, and the latter ( known as " The soiling of Old Glory ") being of Ted Landsmark, an African American city official, being beaten with an American flag during Boston's school busing crisis.

The Batavi were mentioned by Julius Caesar in his commentary Commentarii de Bello Gallico, as living on an island formed by the Rhine River after it splits, one arm being the Waal the other the Lower Rhine / Old Rhine ( hence the Latin name Insula Batavorum, " Island of the Batavi ").

His suggestion during the by-election that murderers should have razor blades left in their cells so they could decently commit suicide resulted in him being nicknamed " Old Razor Blades " during the campaign.

The term baccalaureus is a pun combining the prosaic baccalarius with bacca lauri ' " laurel berry "— according to the American Heritage Dictionary, " bacca " is the Old Irish word for " farmer " + laureus, " laurel berry ," the idea being that a " baccalaureate " had farmed ( cultivated ) his mind.

Prior to this, in Old and Middle English, the word was usually spelled Crist the i being pronounced either as, preserved in the names of churches such as St Katherine Cree, or as a short, preserved in the modern pronunciation of Christmas.

The phrase " riding shotgun " ( not found before 1905 ) was applied later to print and especially film depiction of stagecoaches and wagons in the Old West in danger of being robbed or attacked by bandits.

The Old Testament describes a number of marriages, some of the best known being Adam and Eve ; Abraham, Sarah and Hagar ; Isaac and Rebekah ; Jacob, Rachel and Leah ; Boaz and Ruth ; David, Michal, Ahinoam, Abigail, Maachah, Haggith, Abital, Eglah and Bathsheba ; and Hosea and the prostitute Gomer, whom he married at God's command.

The Bible describes Jesus ' tomb as being outside the city wall, as was normal for burials across the ancient world, which were regarded as unclean, but the Church of the Holy Sepulchre is in the heart of Hadrian's city, well within the Old City walls, which were built by Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent in 1538 Some have claimed that the city had been much narrower in Jesus ' time, with the site then having been outside the walls ; since Herod Agrippa ( 41 – 44 ) is recorded by history as extending the city to the north ( beyond the present northern walls ), the required repositioning of the western wall is traditionally attributed to him as well.

The Old Castilian language was also used to show the higher class that came with being a knight errant .- This last phrase is not completely accurate-In Don Quixote there are basically 2 different Castillian: Old Castillian is only spoken by Don Quixote, while the rest of the roles speak a much modern version of Spanish, pretty much understandable by the actual reader.

The purpose of the citadel was to prevent the Old Prussian settlement of Truso from being reoccupied, as the German crusaders were at war with the pagan Prussians.

* As the author saw it, at least some among them were being tempted to avoid severe persecution by " shrinking back " from the eschatalogical fulfillment of the true hope and faith of the Old Testament proclaimed by the apostolic witness to Jesus Christ.

The word " Emerald " is derived ( via Old French: Esmeraude and Middle English: Emeraude ), from Vulgar Latin: Esmaralda / Esmaraldus, a variant of Latin Smaragdus, which originated in Greek: σμάραγδος ( smaragdos ; " green gem "); its original source being either the Sanskrit word मरकत marakata meaning " emerald " or the Semitic word baraq ( ב ָּ ר ָ ק ; الب ُ راق ; " lightning " or " shine ") ( cf.

Ælfric of Eynsham paraphrased Bede into Old English, saying " Now the Earth's roundness and the Sun's orbit constitute the obstacle to the day's being equally long in every land.

The Glagolitic alphabet was the initial script of the liturgical language Old Church Slavonic and became, together with the Greek uncial script, the basis of the Cyrillic script.

They do not include earlier states of language, such as Middle Mongol or Old Japanese.

David Roberts, in his book " In Search of the Old Ones: Exploring the Anasazi World of the Southwest ", explained his reason for using the term " Anasazi " over a term using " Puebloan ", noting that the latter term " derives from the language of an oppressor who treated the indigenes of the Southwest far more brutally than the Navajo ever did.

In contrast, there was an Old Text school that advocated the use of Confucian works written in ancient language ( from this comes the denomination Old Text ) that were so much more reliable.

The Suebian language developed into Old High German, while the Angles and Jutes were among the speakers of Old Saxon.

** Old English, their language

The origin of the name Berlin is unknown, but it may have its roots in the language of West Slavic inhabitants of the area of today's Berlin, and be related to the Old Polabian stem berl -/ birl-(" swamp ").

* Old Bulgarian ( 9th to 11th century, also referred to as Old Church Slavonic ) – a literary norm of the early southern dialect of the Common Slavic language from which Bulgarian evolved.

The historical development of the Bulgarian language can be described as a transition from a highly synthetic language ( Old Bulgarian ) to a typical analytic language ( Modern Bulgarian ) with Middle Bulgarian as a midpoint in this transition.

The Codex Zographensis is one of the oldest manuscript s in the Old Bulgarian language dated from the late 10th or early 11th century

In some cases, the name языкъ блъгарьскъ was used not only with regard to the contemporary Middle Bulgarian language of the copyist but also to the period of Old Bulgarian.

As a national revival occurred towards the end of the period of Ottoman rule ( mostly during the 19th century ), a modern Bulgarian literary language gradually emerged which drew heavily on Church Slavonic / Old Bulgarian ( and to some extent on literary Russian, which had preserved many lexical items from Church Slavonic ) and later reduced the number of Turkish and other Balkanic loans.

The original Old English language was then influenced by two waves of invasion ; the first was by language speakers of the Scandinavian branch of the Germanic family ; they conquered and colonised parts of Britain in the 8th and 9th centuries.

The now-extinct Old Prussian language has been considered the most archaic of the Baltic languages.

There are many parallels of language between Joel and other Old Testament prophets.

* The Old Burgundian language, an East Germanic language spoken by the Burgundians.

Linguistic study of the Khmer language divides its history into four periods one of which, the Old Khmer period, is subdivided into pre-Angkorian and Angkorian.