Since the great flood of these dystopias has appeared only in the last twelve years, it seems fairly reasonable to assume that the chief impetus was the 1949 publication of Nineteen Eighty-Four, an assumption which is supported by the frequent echoes of such details as Room 101, along with education by conditioning from Brave New World, a book to which science-fiction writers may well have returned with new interest after reading the more powerful Orwell dystopia.

Mr. Philip Toynbee affirms at one point that if he shared the anticipations of Orwell in Nineteen Eighty-Four, if he believed Communism was not only evil but `` also irredeemably evil '', then he might `` think it right to do anything rather than to take the risk of a communist world.

He taught French for a year at Eton, where Eric Blair ( later to become George Orwell ) and Stephen Runciman were among his pupils, but was remembered as an incompetent and hopeless teacher who couldn ’ t keep discipline.

A prominent critic was George Orwell, who frequently referred to him in his essays and diaries as " A Catholic Apologist " and accused him of being " silly-clever ", in line with his criticisms of G. K. Chesterton, Hilaire Belloc, Ronald Knox and Wyndham-Lewis.

The case was Estate of Orwell v. CBS, 00-c-5034 ( ND Ill ).

On the eve of trial, the case settled worldwide to the parties ' " mutual satisfaction "; the amount that CBS paid to the Orwell Estate was not disclosed.

From 1942 to 1944 George Orwell was a proponent of Basic English, but in 1945 he became critical of universal languages.

David Janssen ( March 27, 1931 – February 13, 1980 ) was an American film and television actor who is best known for his starring role as Dr. Richard Kimble in the television series The Fugitive ( 1963 – 1967 ), the starring role in the 1950s hit detective series Richard Diamond, Private Detective ( 1957 – 60 ), and as Harry Orwell on Harry O.

Eric Arthur Blair ( 25 June 1903 – 21 January 1950 ), known by his pen name George Orwell, was an English novelist and journalist.

Wellington was " beastly ", Orwell told his childhood friend Jacintha Buddicom, but he said he was " interested and happy " at Eton.

A colleague, Roger Beadon, recalled ( in a 1969 recording for the BBC ) that Orwell was fast to learn the language and that before he left Burma, " was able to speak fluently with Burmese priests in ' very high-flown Burmese.

He was also spending time with Eleanor Jacques, but her attachment to Dennis Collings remained an obstacle to his hopes of a more serious relationship. The pen-name " George Orwell " was inspired by the River Orwell

" Down and Out in Paris and London was published on 9 January 1933, as Orwell continued to work on Burmese Days.

In June, Burmese Days was published and Cyril Connolly's review in the New Statesman prompted Orwell to re-establish contact with his old friend.

The relationship was sometimes awkward and Orwell and Heppenstall even came to blows, though they remained friends and later worked together on BBC broadcasts.

Orwell was now working on Keep the Aspidistra Flying, and also tried unsuccessfully to write a serial for the News Chronicle.

Gollancz feared the second half would offend readers and added a disculpatory preface to the book while Orwell was in Spain.

Orwell needed somewhere he could concentrate on writing his book, and once again help was provided by Aunt Nellie, who was living at Wallington, Hertfordshire in a very small sixteenth-century cottage called the " Stores ".

The ILP was linked to the POUM and so Orwell joined the POUM.

However, Orwell may also have been influenced by Nazi Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring, who once, in a debatably hyperbolic display of loyalty to Adolf Hitler, declared, " If the Führer wants it, two and two makes five!

In the spring of 1935 Gollancz declared that he was prepared to publish Burmese Days provided Orwell was able to demonstrate it was not based on real people.

The poet and novelist Vincent McHugh however, reviewing the novel for the New York Herald Tribune Books in 1936, declared it as having affinities with George Gissing, a writer Orwell greatly admired, and placed the novel in a particular tradition, that of Dickens and Gissing: " Mr Orwell too writes of a world crawling with poverty, a horrible dun flat terrain in which the abuses marked out by those earlier writers have been for the most part only deepened and consolidated.

In the essay section of his novel 1985, Anthony Burgess states that Orwell got the idea for Big Brother from advertising billboards for educational correspondence courses from a company called Bennett's, current during World War II.

In 2000, after the U. S. version of the CBS program " Big Brother " premiered, the Estate of George Orwell sued CBS and its production company " Orwell Productions, Inc ." in federal court in Chicago for copyright and trademark infringement.

With Nineteen Eighty-Four, Orwell taps into the anti-communist fears that would continue to haunt so many in the West for decades to come.

The Committee also presented the George Orwell Award for Honesty and Clarity in Public Language for 1975-76 to Professor Hugh Rank who created the pattern.

George Orwell wrote in 1944 that " the word ' Fascism ' is almost entirely meaningless ... almost any English person would accept ' bully ' as a synonym for ' Fascist '".

Orwell also uses the technique of false document in an appendix to the same novel, titled " The Principles of Newspeak ," where Orwell offers a linguistic guide to Oceania's official language, Newspeak from the perspective of the country's ruling party, along with policy prescriptions for how the language may develop in the future.

'" Orwell wrote later that he felt guilty about his role in the work of empire and he " began to look more closely at his own country and saw that England also had its oppressed ..." Orwell made changes to his appearance in Burma that remained for the rest of his life.

Orwell set out for Spain on about 23 December 1936, dining with Henry Miller in Paris on the way.

In the first week of July 1937 Orwell arrived back at Wallington ; on 13 July 1937 a deposition was presented to the Tribunal for Espionage & High Treason, Valencia, charging the Orwells with ' rabid Trotskyism ', and being agents of the POUM.

Orwell was also able to find a more sympathetic publisher for his views in Frederic Warburg of Secker & Warburg.

In the latter part of his stay at the clinic Orwell was able to go for walks in the countryside and study nature.

Myers secretly funded a trip to French Morocco for half a year for Orwell to avoid the English winter and recover his health.

They rented a villa on the road to Casablanca and during that time Orwell wrote Coming Up for Air.

Orwell also submitted his name to the Central Register for war effort but nothing transpired.

" They won't have me in the army, at any rate at present, because of my lungs ", Orwell told Geoffrey Gorer.

If the book itself, Animal Farm, had left any doubt of the matter, Orwell dispelled it in his essay Why I Write: ' Every line of serious work that I ’ ve written since 1936 has been written directly or indirectly against Totalitarianism ... dot, dot, dot, dot.

" An elephant was considered a valuable asset to any timber firm-and Orwell would have been severely reprimanded for such unnecessary slaughter.

The only American review that Orwell himself saw, in the New York Herald Tribune Books, by Margaret Carson Hubbard, was unfavourable: " The ghastly vulgarity of the third-rate characters who endure the heat and talk and nausea of the glorious days of the British Raj, when fifteen lashes settled any native insolence, is such that they kill all interest in their doings.

George Orwell began his Reflections on Gandhi: " Saints should always be judged guilty until they are proved innocent …" Orwell concluded his essay with an attack on the idea of sainthood but praise for Gandhi: " One may feel, as I do, a sort of aesthetic distaste for Gandhi, one may reject the claims of sainthood made on his behalf ( he never made any such claim himself, by the way ), one may also reject sainthood as an ideal and therefore feel that Gandhi's basic aims were anti-human and reactionary: but regarded simply as a politician, and compared with the other leading political figures of our time, how clean a smell he has managed to leave behind!

Orwell describes the education he received as " a preparation for a sort of confidence trick ," geared entirely towards maximizing his future performance in the admissions exams to leading English public schools such as Eton and Harrow, without any concern for actual knowledge or understanding.

According to the essay, the main lesson that Orwell took away from St Cyprian's was that, for a " weak " and " inferior " person such as himself, " to survive, or at least to preserve any kind of independence, was essentially criminal, since it meant breaking rules which you yourself recognized ," and that he lived in a world " where it was not possible him to be good.