Permanent settlement started by 1882, mainly by workers in coconut plantations and fishermen but, due to an extreme drought which killed off tens of thousands of Coconut Palms --- about 75 % of Christmas Island's population of this plant --- the island was once again abandoned between 1905 and 1912.

Permanent, non-military European settlement began during the American Revolution.

A direct result of these meetings was the establishment of the world's first organisation for the settlement of international disputes: the Permanent Court of Arbitration ( PCA ).

Permanent Scandinavian settlement occurred before 911, when an agreement was reached between Rollo, one of the Viking leaders, and King Charles the Simple of France, surrendering the county of Rouen to Rollo.

Permanent settlement began with the construction of an ostrog ( fortress ) in 1636 at the junction of the Oka and Angara rivers.

Belgium has resorted several times to international dispute settlement, notably in cases at both the International Court of Justice and the Permanent Court of Arbitration with the Netherlands concerning the diversion of water from the Meuse ( 1937 ) the frontier at the enclave of Baarle-Hertog ( 1959 ) and the revitalisation of the so called Iron Rhine railroad ( 2005 ).

Permanent year-round urban settlement may have been prompted by intensive agricultural practices.

Permanent settlement began in the early 1860s, after gold discoveries in the Boise Basin brought people over the established stage and pack train routes.

Permanent settlement would be delayed by the French and Indian Wars, which ended with the 1763 Treaty of Paris.

Permanent settlement began around 1820 along Patterson Creek which flowed into the Susquehanna and was attractive as a water supply and water power source for sawmills.

Permanent European-American settlement did not take place until after the American Revolution, about 1801, after most of the Iroquois had been forced to cede their lands to New York and had emigrated to Upper Canada.

Permanent European settlement of Greene County began in 1772.

Permanent settlement occurred when Juan de Esquevil This is in part a result of abandonment of plans begun in the early 1960s to develop the town as a cruise ship port and destination.

Permanent English settlement east of the Indian village began.

Permanent settlement had begun in 1838.

Permanent settlement followed in 1532, and for the next 300 years the Portuguese slowly expanded westwards until they had reached nearly all of the borders of modern Brazil.

Permanent English settlement began after land grants were issued in 1622 to John Mason and Sir Ferdinando Gorges for the territory between the Merrimack and Sagadahoc ( Kennebec ) rivers, roughly encompassing present-day New Hampshire and western Maine.

Permanent white settlement of the northern Alleghenies was facilitated by the explorations and stories of such noted Marylanders as the Indian fighter and trader Thomas Cresap ( 1702 – 90 ) and the backwoodsman and hunter Meshach Browning ( 1781 – 1859 ).

Permanent settlement began in 1836 when squatters arrived in the area known as Whale Head.

Permanent settlement on Lord Howe was established in June 1834 when the British whaling barque Caroline, sailing from New Zealand and commanded by Captain John Blinkenthorpe, landed at what is now known as Blinky Beach.

Permanent European settlement began with the building by a retired sea-captain, Robert W. Graham, of a log hut, Merrimu, hand-cut from the forest, using horizontal-slab wall construction, an adobe floor, weatherboards and a sapling / shingle roof.

Permanent settlement in the Kauhajoki area began in the 16th century and in 1584 chapel was built in Kauhajoki.

Permanent settlement came from French fishermen who overwintered on this, the " French shore ", using rights given under the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht which saw France cede its claims in Newfoundland to Great Britain in exchange for right of use of coastal lands for the fishery.

Permanent French settlement however was hampered by their hostilities with the Iroquois five leagues ( based in New York State ), who were allied with the British and by the early 1650s, using both British and Dutch arms had succeeded in pushing other related Iroquoian speaking peoples, the Petun and Neutral Nation out of or to the fringes of territorial southern Ontario.

Permanent moorings use large masses ( commonly a block or slab of concrete ) resting on this seabed.

In the 1830s and 1840s a new development took place with the Permanent Building Society, where the society continued on a rolling basis, continually taking in new members as earlier ones completed purchases, such as Leek United Building Society.

Membership in International Organizations: The major organizations in which Colombia is a member include: the Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean, Andean Pact, Caribbean Development Bank, Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Group of 3, Group of 11, Group of 24, Group of 77, Inter-American Development Bank, International Atomic Energy Agency, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, International Chamber of Commerce, International Civil Aviation Organization, International Criminal Police Organization, International Development Association, International Finance Corporation, International Fund for Agricultural Development, International Labour Organization, International Maritime Organization, International Maritime Satellite Organization, International Monetary Fund ( IMF ), International Olympic Committee, International Organization for Migration, International Organization for Standardization, International Telecommunication Union, International Telecommunications Satellite Organization, International Trade Union Confederation, Latin American Economic System, Latin American Integration Association, Latin Union, Non-Aligned Movement, Organization of American States ( OAS ), Permanent Court of Arbitration, Rio Group, United Nations ( UN ), UN Conference on Trade and Development, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, UN Industrial Development Organization, UN Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees, Universal Postal Union, World Confederation of Labour, World Federation of Trade Unions, World Health Organization, World Intellectual Property Organization, World Meteorological Organization, World Tourism Organization, and World Trade Organization.

It alleged that Americas Watch gave too much credence to alleged Contra abuses and systematically tried to discredit Nicaraguan human rights groups such as the Permanent Commission on Human Rights, which blamed the major human rights abuses on the Sandinistas.

One member of the Permanent Commission for Human Rights commented on the Americas Watch report and its chief investigator Juan Mendez: " The Sandinistas are laying the groundwork for a totalitarian society here and yet all Mendez wanted to hear about were abuses by the contras.

* Voted NO on Permanent Normal Trade Relations with China.

Yale president Arthur Twining Hadley penned the inscription, which reads: " On Pemberton Hill, 255 Feet North of This Spot, Was Born on April Fifth 1649 Elihu Yale, Governor of Madras, Whose Permanent Memorial in His Native Land is the College That Bears His Name.

The Second World War effectively ended the International Agricultural Institute, though it was only officially dissolved by resolution of its Permanent Committee on February 27, 1948.

Soon after, Geddy began using the Fender Jazz Bass which was used on Permanent Waves, Moving Pictures, Signals and the supporting tours.

In 1938, he published a collection of essays on the future organisation of knowledge and education, World Brain, including the essay, " The Idea of a Permanent World Encyclopaedia ".

Often enormously complicated matters, ICJ cases ( of which there have been less than 150 since the court was created from the Permanent Court of International Justice in 1945 ) can stretch on for years and generally involve thousands of pages of pleadings, evidence, and the world's leading specialist public international lawyers.

Laos is a member of the following international organizations: Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation ( ACCT ), Association of Southeast Asian NationsASEAN, ASEAN Free Trade Area ( AFTA ), ASEAN Regional Forum, Asian Development Bank, Colombo Plan, Economic and Social Commission for Asia and Pacific ( ESCAP ), Food and Agriculture Organization ( FAO ), Group of 77G-77, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development ( World Bank ), International Civil Aviation Organization ( ICAO ), International Development Association ( IDA ), International Fund for Agricultural Development ( IFAD ), International Finance Corporation ( IFC ), International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, International Labour Organization ( ILO ), International Monetary Fund ( IMF ), Intelsat ( nonsignatory user ), Interpol, International Olympic Commission ( IOC ), International Telecommunication UnionITU, Mekong Group, Non-Aligned Movement ( NAM ), Permanent Court of Arbitration ( PCA ), United Nations, United Nations Convention on Trade and Development ( UNCTAD ), United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization ( UNESCO ), United Nations Industrial Development Organization ( UNIDO ), Universal Postal Union ( UPU ), World Federation of Trade Unions, World Health Organization ( WHO ), World Intellectual Property Organization ( WIPO ), World Meteorological Organization ( WMO ), World Tourism Organization, World Trade Organization ( observer ).

These included the Disarmament Commission, the Health Organization, the International Labour Organization ( ILO ), the Mandates Commission, the International Commission on Intellectual Cooperation ( precursor to UNESCO ), the Permanent Central Opium Board, the Commission for Refugees, and the Slavery Commission.

The Statute of the Permanent Court of International Justice was accepted in Geneva on December 13, 1920.

As a result of these conferences and others, the judges of the Permanent Court of International Justice officially resigned in October 1945, and via a resolution by the League of Nations on 18 April, the Court ceased to exist, being replaced with the International Court of Justice.

Moreover, because of the limited airplay Rush's previous extended-length songs received, Permanent Waves included shorter, more radio-friendly songs such as " The Spirit of Radio " and " Freewill ", two songs that helped Permanent Waves become Rush's first U. S. Top 5 album ; both songs continue to make appearances on classic rock radio stations in Canada and the United States to this day.

* March 1981-Singapore's Permanent Representative to the United Nations, Ambassador Tommy Koh, assumed the Presidency of the Third UN Conference on the Law of the Sea.

Time magazine in 1983 published reports of human rights violations in an article which stated that " According to Nicaragua's Permanent Commission on Human Rights, the regime detains several hundred people a month ; about half of them are eventually released, but the rest simply disappear.

Nicaragua ’ s Permanent Commission on Human Rights reported 2, 000 murders in the first six months and 3, 000 disappearances in the first few years.

The CIIR was critical of the Permanent Commission on Human Rights ( PCHR or CPDH in Spanish ), claiming that the organisation had a tendency to immediately publish accusations against the government without first establishing a factual basis for the allegations.

The CIIR report also questioned the independence of the Permanent Commission on Human Rights, referring to an article in the Washington Post which claims that the National Endowment for Democracy, an organization funded by the US government, allocated a concession of US $ 50, 000 for assistance in the translation and distribution outside Nicaragua of its monthly report, and that these funds were administered by Prodemca, a US-based organization which later published full-page adverisments in the Washington Post and New York Times supporting military aid to the Contras.

On the other hand, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights states: " During its on-site observation in 1978 under the Government of General Somoza, the Permanent Commission on Human Rights in Nicaragua, ( CPDH ) gave the Commission notable assistance, which certainly helped it to prepare its report promptly and correctly.