Philosophers and theologians more commonly use phrases like " perfectly good ", or simply the term " benevolence ".

Philosophers and theologians such as Immanuel Kant, Arthur Schopenhauer and Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher, and historians Heinrich Graetz and Gottfried Bernhardy.

Philosophers and theologians aiming to defend theism against the threat of the dilemma have developed a variety of responses.

Philosophers commonly referred to as Post-structuralists include Michel Foucault, Roland Barthes, Jean Baudrillard, Gilles Deleuze ( all of whom began their careers within a Structuralist framework ), Jacques Derrida, Pierre Bourdieu, Jean-François Lyotard, Julia Kristeva, Hélène Cixous, Luce Irigaray and, sometimes, the American cultural theorists, critics and intellectuals they influenced ( e. g. Judith Butler, Jonathan Crary, John Fiske, Rosalind Krauss, Hayden White ).

Philosophers and psychologists in the 1930s and 40 ’ s such as John Dewey, Kurt Lewin, and Morton Deutsh also influenced the cooperative learning theory practiced today.

Between 1424 and 1433 he worked on the translation of the Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers by Diogenes Laërtius, which came to be widely circulated in manuscript form and was published at Rome in 1472 ( the first printed edition of the Lives ; the Greek text was printed only in 1533 ).

The only surviving complete works by Epicurus are three letters, which are to be found in book X of Diogenes Laertius ' Lives of Eminent Philosophers, and two groups of quotes: the Principal Doctrines, reported as well in Diogenes ' book X, and the Vatican Sayings, preserved in a manuscript from the Vatican Library.

The group at this time is sometimes referred to as the " Lunar circle ", though this is a later description used by historians, and the group themselves used a variety of less specific descriptions, including " Birmingham Philosophers " or simply " fellow-schemers ".

Philosophers such as Aristotle and Pliny the Elder argued that the full Moon induced insanity in susceptible individuals, believing that the brain, which is mostly water, must be affected by the Moon and its power over the tides, but the Moon's gravity is too slight to affect any single person.

Bruces ' Philosophers Song ( Bruces ' Song ) was a popular Monty Python song written by Eric Idle, and was a feature of the group's stage appearances and its recordings.

Philosophers Randall Dipert and Roderick Long have argued that Objectivist epistemology conflates the perceptual process by which judgments are formed with the way in which they are to be justified, thereby leaving it unclear how judgments with propositional structure can be validated by sensory data.

Philosophers have investigated the criteria by which a scientific theory can be said to have successfully explained a phenomenon, as well as what gives a scientific theory explanatory power.

Most of the details known about his life come from the anecdotes preserved by Diogenes Laërtius in his Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers.

Philosophers such as Plato, Aristotle, Al-Farabi, Avicenna, Averroes, Maimonides, Aquinas and Hegel are sometimes said to have argued that reason must be fixed and discoverable — perhaps by dialectic, analysis, or study.

Philosophers tend to motivate various conceptual analyses by appeal to their intuitions about thought experiments.

W. K. C. Guthrie in The Greek Philosophers sees it as an error to regard the Socratic method as a means by which one seeks the answer to a problem, or knowledge.

The work by which he is known, Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers, was written in Greek and professes to give an account of the lives and sayings of the Greek philosophers.

* Diogenes Laërtius, Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers, translated by Charles Duke Yonge ( 1853 ) ( Uses a different method of enumerating the sections from the modern editions.

Most of the biographical information we have of Theophrastus was provided by Diogenes Laërtius ' Lives of the Philosophers, written more than four hundred years after Theophrastus ' time.

In notes dating from 1525 to 1543 he identifies twelve paintings and one drawing as by Giorgione, of which five of the paintings are identified virtually unanimously with surviving works by art historians: The Tempest, The Three Philosophers, Sleeping Venus, Boy with an Arrow, and Shepherd with a Flute ( not all accept the last as by Giorgione however ).

Michiel describes the Philosophers as having been completed by Sebastiano del Piombo, and the Venus as finished by Titian ( it is now generally agreed that Titian did the landscape ).

* The moral imperative to rebel against God by Peter S. Fosl in The Philosophers ' Magazine

Another early title was Dictes or Sayengis of the Philosophres ( Sayings of the Philosophers ), first printed on 18 November 1477, translated by Earl Rivers, the king's brother-in-law.

The Alchemist Discovering Phosphorus | The Alchymist, In Search of the Philosophers ' Stone by Joseph Wright of Derby, 1771.

His first published work was the 1921 Inamicul viermelui de mătase (" The Silkworm's Enemy "), followed by Cum am găsit piatra filosofală (" How I Found the Philosophers ' Stone ").

It can be argued that the attacks directed against the philosophers by Ghazali in his work, " Tahafut al-Falasifa " ( The Incoherence of the Philosophers ), not only produced, by reaction, a current favorable to philosophy, but induced the philosophers themselves to profit by his criticism.

Anthony Powell later used him as the inspiration for the character of Colonel Finn in his novels The Soldier's Art ( 1966 ) and The Military Philosophers ( 1968 ).

He blessed the son with Philosophers stone and taught him Politics.

Philosophers associated with empiricism include Aristotle, Alhazen, Avicenna, Ibn Tufail, Robert Grosseteste, William of Ockham, Francis Bacon, Thomas Hobbes, Robert Boyle, John Locke, George Berkeley, David Hume, Leopold von Ranke, John Stuart Mill, and Karl Popper.

Philosophers who have criticized the concept of human rights include Jeremy Bentham, Edmund Burke, Friedrich Nietzsche and Karl Marx.

Philosophers and psychologists interested in the nature of the gaffe include Freud and Gilles Deleuze.

Philosophers in modern-day Israel in the rationalist tradition include David Hartman and Moshe Halbertal.

Philosophers of the late 20th century who have written significant works on the subject of dignity include Mortimer Adler and Alan Gewirth.

Philosophers working in the intersection of Thomism and analytic philosophy include: David Braine, Brian Davies OP ( Fordham ), Gabriele De Anna ( Udine ), John Finnis ( Oxford ), Peter Geach, John Haldane ( St Andrews ), Jonathan Jacobs ( Colgate ), Anthony Kenny ( Oxford ), Fergus Kerr OP ( Oxford ), Gyula Klima ( Fordham ), Norman Kretzmann, John Lamont, Anthony J. Lisska ( Denison ), Alasdair MacIntyre ( Notre Dame ), Bruce D. Marshall ( Southern Methodist Univ ), William Marshner ( Christendom ), Christopher Martin ( St Thomas, Houston ), Cyrille Michon ( Nantes, France ), Mark Murphy ( Georgetown ), Herbert McCabe, John P. O ' Callaghan ( Notre Dame ), Claude Panaccio ( UQAM ), Robert Pasnau ( CU Boulder ), Craig Paterson ( Independent Scholar ), Roger Pouivet ( Nancy, France ) Matthew S. Pugh ( Providence College ), Eleonore Stump ( Saint Louis ), Thomas Sullivan and Sandra Menssen ( University of St. Thomas, MN ), Stephen Theron, Denys Turner ( Yale ), Michael Thompson ( Pittsburgh ).

Philosophers, scientists, and educators that have proposed theories of spiritual evolution include Schelling, Hegel, Max Théon, Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, Henri Bergson, Rudolf Steiner, Sri Aurobindo, Jean Gebser, Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, Owen Barfield, Arthur M. Young, Edward Haskell, E. F. Schumacher, Erich Jantsch, Clare W. Graves, Alfred North Whitehead, Terence McKenna, P. R.

Philosophers such as Gareth Evans have insisted that the theory's account of the dubbing process needs to be broadened to include what are called ' multiple groundings '.

His more important works include Critical Philosophy of Kant ( 1877 ), Hegel ( 1883 ), Evolution of Religion, Social Philosophy and Religion of Comte ( 1885 ), and Evolution of Theology in the Greek Philosophers ( 1904 ).

Examples include the Azoth of the Philosophers of Basil Valentine and the Hieroglyphic Monad of Dr. John Dee.

His other works include Sartre and the Sacred ( 1974 ), Enchantments: Religion and the Power of the Word ( 1989 ), Merton: Mystic at the Center of America ( 1992 ) and Jung's Four and Some Philosophers ( 1999 ).

Some editions of the Moralia include several works now known to be pseudepigrapha: among these are the Lives of the Ten Orators ( biographies of the Ten Orators of ancient Athens, based on Caecilius of Calacte ), The Doctrines of the Philosophers, and On Music.

Philosophers within the camp of the Hegelian right include: