Furthermore, MacIntyre ridiculed Marcuse as being a senile revival of the young Hegelian tradition criticized by Marx and Engels ( pp. 18 – 19, 41, and 101 ); similarly, " critical theorys revival of young Hegelianism and its criticism by Karl Marx was noted by Popper ( p. 293 ).

Its most noted user is John Popper, who appears on the blister.

The noted philosopher of science, Karl Popper, among others, predicted as much.

To say that a set of generating conditions has propensity p of producing the outcome E means that those exact conditions, if repeated indefinitely, would produce an outcome sequence in which E occurred with limiting relative frequency p. For Popper then, a deterministic experiment would have propensity 0 or 1 for each outcome, since those generating conditions would have same outcome on each trial.

Popper thought that falsifiability was a better criterion because it did not invite the philosophical problems inherent in verifying an inductive inference, and it allowed statements from the physical sciences which seemed scientific but which did not satisfy the verification criterion.

The two main kinds of theory of physical probability are frequentist accounts ( such as those of Venn, Reichenbach and von Mises ) and propensity accounts ( such as those of Popper, Miller, Giere and Fetzer ).

* Augusto Garuccio, K. R. Popper, Jean-Pierre Vigier: Possible direct physical detection of de Broglie waves, Physics Letters A, vol.

Popper regarded astrology as " pseudo-empirical " in that " it appeals to observation and experiment ", but " nevertheless does not come up to scientific standards ".

Karl Popper suggested that a theory should be considered scientific if and only if it can in principle be falsified by experiment ; any idea not susceptible to falsification does not belong to science.

Popper instead proposed that science should adopt a methodology based on falsifiability for demarcation, because no number of experiments can ever prove a theory, but a single experiment can contradict one.

According to Karl Popper these experiments showed that the class of " hidden variables " Einstein believed in is erroneous.

The concept first popularized by Karl Popper, who, in his philosophical criticism of the popular positivist view of the scientific method, concluded that a hypothesis, proposition, or theory talks about the observable only if it is falsifiable.

Popper argued that this would require the inference of a general rule from a number of individual cases, which is inadmissible in deductive logic.

In contrast to Positivism, which held that statements are meaningless if they cannot be verified or falsified, Popper claimed that falsifiability is merely a special case of the more general notion of criticizability, even though he admitted that empirical refutation is one of the most effective methods by which theories can be criticized.

Falsifiability is an important concept within the creation – evolution controversy, where proponents of both sides claim that Popper developed falsifiability to denote ideas as unscientific or pseudoscientific and use it to make arguments against the views of the respective other side.

In his philosophy of science, which has much in common with that of his good friend Karl Popper, Hayek was highly critical of what he termed scientism: a false understanding of the methods of science that has been mistakenly forced upon the social sciences, but that is contrary to the practices of genuine science.

Karl Popper used the term historicism in his influential books The Poverty of Historicism and The Open Society and Its Enemies, to mean: " an approach to the social sciences which assumes that historical prediction is their primary aim, and which assumes that this aim is attainable by discovering the ' rhythms ' or the ' patterns ', the ' laws ' or the ' trends ' that underlie the evolution of history ".

But Sir Karl Popper and I are interactionists, and what is more, trialist interactionists!

* Karl Popper Archive at LSE British Library This is a microfilm copy of the Stanford University Popper Archive of Popper's papers to whose catalogue a weblink is provided.

is: Karl Popper

Many philosophers believe that mathematics is not experimentally falsifiable, and thus not a science according to the definition of Karl Popper.

Unlike myth, which is a means of explaining the natural world through means other than logical criticism, scientific tradition was inherited from Socrates, who proposed critical discussion, according to Popper.

The major opposition against the theory of justification ( also called ‘ justificationism ’ in this context ) is nonjustificational criticism ( a synthesis of skepticism and absolutism ) which is most notably held by some of the proponents of critical rationalism: W. W. Bartley, David Miller and Karl Popper.

Popper, who was granted rights by the Argentine government to exploit any gold deposits he found in Tierra del Fuego, has been pointed as a central figure in what is called the Selknam Genocide.

Our preference for simplicity may be justified by its falsifiability criterion: We prefer simpler theories to more complex ones " because their empirical content is greater ; and because they are better testable " ( Popper 1992 ).

The philosopher of science Elliott Sober once argued along the same lines as Popper, tying simplicity with " informativeness ": The simplest theory is the more informative one, in the sense that less information is required in order to answer one's questions.

Popper argued that the central property of science is falsifiability ( i. e. all scientific claims can be proven false, at least in principle, and if no such proof can be found despite sufficient effort then the claim is likely true ).

Popper has provided narration for art projects produced by his friends, including Das Clown, an award-winning short film in slideshow style that was screened at the Sundance Film Festival.

It was written and produced by Popper ( who featured onscreen in one episode as " Jack Morgan ") and Serafinowicz ( who appeared far more frequently, and also wrote and played all the music in the series ).

Riedl built upon the work of the Viennese school of thought initially typified by Konrad Lorenz, and continued today by Gerhard Vollmer, Franz Wuketits, and in Spain by Nicanor Ursura, skeptical of German idealism, and nourished by the tradition that produced Ernst Mach, Ludwig Boltzmann, Erwin Schrödinger, Karl Popper, Hans Reichenbach and Sigmund Freud.

The criterion was first proposed by philosopher of science Karl Popper.

( This falsifiability-criterion was popularized by Karl Popper.

Popper argued that totalitarianism was founded on " conspiracy theories " which drew on imaginary plots driven by paranoid scenarios predicated on tribalism, chauvinism, or racism.

Philosopher of science Karl Popper, in his Conjectures and Refutations, critiqued such claims of the explanatory power or valid application of historical materialism by arguing that it could explain or explain away any fact brought before it, making it unfalsifiable.

Written by the only living student of both Wittgenstein and Popper, an eyewitness to the famous " poker " incident described above ( Edmunds & Eidinow ).

A strong collection of essays by Popper, Campbell, Munz, Flew, et al., on Popper's epistemology and critical rationalism.

* " A Skeptical Look at Karl Popper " by Martin Gardner

* " A Sceptical Look at ' A Skeptical Look at Karl Popper '" by J C Lester.

* Information on Lakatos / Popper Site maintained by John Kadvany, PhD.

* Discovering Karl Popper by Peter Singer The New York Review of Books, vol.

* History of Twentieth-Century Philosophy of Science, BOOK V: Karl Popper Site offers free downloads by chapter available for public use.

This distinction was criticised by Popper, who emphasised even basic observations as being " theory-laden ".

A well-known critic of logical positivism was Karl Popper, who published the book Logik der Forschung in 1934 ( translated by himself as The Logic of Scientific Discovery, published 1959 ).

The opposite has also been claimed, most notably by Karl Popper, who held that such problems do exist, that they are solvable, and that he had actually found definite solutions to some of them.

A later propensity theory was proposed by philosopher Karl Popper, who had only slight acquaintance with the writings of C. S. Peirce, however.

A debate launched in 1961 by Adorno and Karl Popper, later published as the Positivist Dispute in German Sociology, arose out of disagreements at the 1959 14th German Sociology Conference in Berlin.

5-gram gold coin from Tierra del Fuego by Julius Popper.

The TCS philosophy was inspired by the epistemology of Karl Popper.

In The Open Society and its Enemies ( 1945 ), Karl Popper argued that the principle ' maximize pleasure ' should be replaced by ' minimize pain '.