* 1808 – Battle of Vimeiro: British and Portuguese forces led by General Arthur Wellesley defeat French force under Major-General Jean-Andoche Junot near the village of Vimeiro, Portugal, the first Anglo-Portuguese victory of the Peninsular War.

Afonso I ( 25 June 1109, Guimarães or Viseu – 6 December 1185, Coimbra ), more commonly known as Afonso Henriques (), nicknamed " the Conqueror " (), " the Founder " () or " the Great " () by the Portuguese, and El-Bortukali (" the Portuguese ") and Ibn-Arrik (" son of Henry ", " Henriques ") by the Moors whom he fought, was the first King of Portugal.

o Bolonhês ), King of Portugal ( 5 May 1210 in Coimbra – 16 February 1279 in Alcobaça, Coimbra or Lisbon ) was the first to use the title King of Portugal and the Algarve, from 1249.

In the 16th century, Christian missionaries from Spain and Portugal first encountered indigenous peoples using ayahuasca in South America ; their earliest reports described it as the work of the devil.

The city of Alcobaça became notable after the first king of Portugal, Afonso Henriques, decided to build there a church to celebrate the Conquest of Santarém, to the Moors, in 1147.

Notably, in 1269 they were the first to give public lessons to their flock, and later they produced the authoritative history on Portugal in a series of books.

Unfortunately, he never came back to Portugal ; he died in the region and is credited for bringing to Lisbon the first pepper that ever came out of those parts.

The United States joined Britain, France, Canada, Denmark, Portugal, Norway, Belgium, Iceland, Luxembourg, Italy, and the Netherlands in 1949 to form the North Atlantic Treaty Organization ( NATO ), the United States ' first " entangling " European alliance in 170 years.

Historians generally credit João Faras-astronomer and physician of King Manuel I of Portugal who accompanied Pedro Álvares Cabral in the discovery of Brazil in 1500-for being the first European to depict it correctly.

The first systematic census in Portugal was carried out in January 1, 1864.

* French group, under which they also included the countries that codified their law either in 19th or in the first half of the 20th century, using the Napoleonic code civil of year 1804 as a model ; this includes countries and jurisdictions such as Italy, Portugal, Spain, Louisiana, states of South America ( such as Brazil ), Quebec, Santa Lucia, Romania, the Ionian Islands, Egypt, and Lebanon

In countries where holders of the first law degree traditionally use the title of doctor ( for example, Peru, Brazil, Macau, Portugal, Argentina, and Italy ), J. D.

After a ( similarly unsuccessful ) stint in Guangzhou, China, he eventually returned to Portugal and became the first European to publish a book on China in 1569 / 1570.

* 1488 – Bartolomeu Dias of Portugal lands in Mossel Bay after rounding the Cape of Good Hope, becoming the first known European to travel so far south.

In 1994, 20 years after independence from Portugal, the country's first multiparty legislative and presidential elections were held.

As with the other Portuguese territories in mainland Africa ( Portuguese Angola and Portuguese Mozambique ), Portugal exercised control over the coastal areas of Portuguese Guinea when first laying claim to the whole region as a colony.

This was the first book of Masses by a native composer: in the Italian states of his day, most composers of sacred music were from the Low Countries, France, Portugal, or Spain.

This ensured for the first time that all the realms of the Iberian peninsula ( save for Portugal ) would be united by one monarch under one nascent Spanish crown, with the founding territories retaining their separate governance codes and laws.

According to John Koch, Cunliffe, Karl, Wodtko and other scholars, Celtic culture may have developed first in far Southern Portugal and Southwestern Spain, approximately 500 years prior to anything recorded in Central Europe.

" In 1498, Vasco da Gama was the first sailor to travel from Portugal to India.

The Kingdom of Mapungubwe was the first in a series of sophisticated trade states developed in Zimbabwe by the time of the first European explorers from Portugal.

After this battle, the future king calls himself " Prince of Portugal ", the first step towards " official independence " that will be reached in 1139 after the Battle of Ourique.

The first area colonized by the Lusitani was probably the Douro valley and the region of Beira Alta ( present day Portugal ); in Beira, they stayed until they defeated the Celtici and other tribes, then they expanded to cover a territory that reached Estremadura before the arrival of the Romans.

Portugal claimed Portuguese Guinea in 1446, but few trading posts were established before 1600.

Olivenza ( Spanish ) or Olivença ( Portuguese ) is a town and seat of a municipality, on a disputed section of the border between Portugal and Spain, which is claimed de jure by both countries and administered de facto as part of the Spanish autonomous community of Extremadura.

** Francisco Marto, Beatified, claimed to witness apparitions of the Blessed Virgin Mary in 1917 at Fátima, Portugal ( b. 1908 )

The Berlin Conference compelled Portugal to move towards the immediate occupation of all the territories it laid claimed to but had been unable to effectively conquer.

Several beaches are claimed to be the " world's longest ", including Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh ( 120 km unbroken ), Praia do Cassino ( 212km ) in Brazil, Fraser Island beach, 90 Mile Beach in Australia ( 151 km ) and 90 Mile Beach in New Zealand ( 88 km ), Troia-Sines Beach ( 63 km ) in Portugal and Long Beach, Washington ( which is about 40 km ).

They disembarked and claimed this new land for Portugal.

The area had been claimed by Portugal, which had included it in its " Pink Map ", but this clashed with British aspirations to create a railroad link between Cairo and Cape Town, thereby linking its colonies from the north of Africa to the very south.

This drew down upon Portugal the anger of Alfonso X of Castile, surnamed the Wise, who claimed suzerainty over Algarve.

Against such a combination the Castilians were powerless ; Denis, eldest son of Inês de Castro, claimed the Portuguese throne and invaded Portugal in 1398, but his troops were easily crushed.

# The Quadruple Alliance of April 1834 was formed by the United Kingdom, France, Spain, and Portugal to support queen Isabella II of Spain against her uncle Don Carlos, Count of Molina, who claimed the Spanish throne under the succession law of 1714-1830, and queen Maria II of Portugal ( represented by her father Pedro, 18th Duke of Braganza, former Emperor of Brazil and King of Portugal ) against her uncle Miguel of Portugal, who proclaimed himself absolute king before the Portuguese Liberal War.

Pedro Álvares Cabral reached Brazil and claimed it for Portugal.

By the end of the 16th century, as the raids continued, the empire collapsed and was conquered and claimed by Portugal.

Due to Philip II being a grandson of Manuel I of Portugal through his mother Isabella, Philip was in the line of succession to the throne of Portugal, and claimed it after Sebastian of Portugal was killed in the Battle of Alcácer Quibir in 1578, thus establishing the Iberian Union.

In 1446, Portugal claimed Portuguese Guinea ( now Guinea-Bissau ), but few trading posts were established before 1600.

Erotic cake | erotic pastry from Portugal claimed to have originated with Celts | Celtic fertility rites

He was the grandson of Catherine, Duchess of Braganza, who had in 1580 claimed the Portuguese crown and sparked the struggle for the throne of Portugal.

In Lapela, Parish of Cabril and municipality of Montalegre ( Portugal ), the land where allegedly the nickname Cabrilha originated ( allegedly pronounced at the time Cabrilhe in Galician and Cabrillo in Spanish according to João Soares Tavares, biographer of João Rodrigues Cabrilho ), and still existing in Portugal as a surname ( because of this Castro Daire, in Beira Alta, was also claimed as his birthplace ), there is the ancient house called today by local people and alleged local descendants of branches of his ancient family, the same surname ( Rodrigues Cabrilho ), as Casa do " Galego " ( House of the " Galician ") and Casa do " Americano " ( House of the " American ") where allegedly Cabrilho was born, as stated on a plaque where there is also a statue of him.

The Portuguese Pedro Álvares Cabral landed at what is now Porto Seguro City, on the southern coast of Bahia in 1500, and claimed the territory for Portugal.

The region was visited by Vasco da Gama in 1498, who claimed Inhambane Bay for Portugal.