Mainly Galileo Galilei ( 1564 – 1642 ) but also Marin Mersenne ( 1588 – 1648 ), independently, discovered the complete laws of vibrating strings ( completing what Pythagoras and Pythagoreans had started 2000 years earlier ).

The term esoteric first appeared in English in the 1701 History of Philosophy by Thomas Stanley, in his description of the mystery-school of Pythagoras ; the Pythagoreans were divided into " exoteric " ( under training ), and " esoteric " ( admitted into the " inner " circle ).

* Édouard Schuré, The Great Initiates: A Study of the Secret History of Religions ( 1889 ), Blauvelt ( N. Y .): Garber Books, 1992, 480 p. “ Rama, Krishna, Hermes, Moses, Orpheus, Pythagoras, Plato, and Jesus .”

Vincenzo, through his tuning research, found the underlying truth at the heart of the misunderstood myth of ' Pythagoras ' hammers ' ( the square of the numbers concerned yielded those musical intervals, not the actual numbers, as believed ), and through this and other discoveries that demonstrated the fallibility of traditional authorities, a radically empirical attitude developed, passed on to Galileo, which regarded " experience and demonstration " as the sine qua non of valid rational enquiry.

The paradigm of a spherical Earth was developed in Greek astronomy, beginning with Pythagoras ( 6th century BC ), although most Pre-Socratics retained the flat Earth model.

His younger contemporary Pythagoras ( c. 570-c. 495 BCE ), its first famous exponent, instituted societies for its diffusion.

Under the instruction of Cosmas, who also taught John's orphan friend ( the future St. Cosmas of Maiuma ), John is said to have made great advances in music, astronomy and theology, soon rivalling Pythagoras in arithmetic and Euclid in geometry.

Greeks settled heavily along the coast at an early date and several of their settlements, including the first Italian city called Rhegion ( Reggio Calabria ), and the next ones Sybaris, Kroton ( Crotone ), a settlement where the mathematician Pythagoras later resided, and Locri, were numbered among the leading cities of Magna Graecia during the 6th and 5th centuries BC.

* Pythagoras ( 6th-5th century BC ), sculptor

Witten has been honored with numerous awards including a MacArthur Grant ( 1982 ), the Fields Medal ( 1990 ), the Nemmers Prize in Mathematics ( 2000 ), the National Medal of Science ( 2002 ), Pythagoras Award ( 2005 ), the Henri Poincaré Prize ( 2006 ), the Crafoord Prize ( 2008 ), the Lorentz Medal ( 2010 ) the Isaac Newton Medal ( 2010 ) and the Fundamental Physics Prize ( 2012 ).

Hippodamus does not seem to have been involved in politics, but several writings attributed to him dealt with issues of the state, including Περί Πολιτείας ( On the State ), Περί Ευδαιμονίας ( On Happiness ), Πυθαγορίζουσαι Θεωρίαι ( Pythagoras Theorems ).

Many illustrations: author portraits ( many of ancient Greeks – Socrates, Plato, Euclid, Pythagoras ), birds, tables and diagrams of geomantic significance.

* Apologie pour tous les grands personages faussement soupçonnez de magie ( 1625, 1653, 1669, 1712 ), Pythagoras, Socrates, Thomas Aquinas and Solomon are among those defended ;

By this Polykleitos meant that a statue should be composed of clearly definable parts, all related to one another through a system of ideal mathematical proportions and balance, no doubt expressed in terms of the ratios established by Pythagoras for the perfect intervals of the musical scale: 1: 2 ( octave ), 2: 3 ( harmonic fifth ), and 3: 4 ( harmonic fourth ).

), or humans ( Pythagoras, Socrates, Plato, Phryne, etc .).

Recent releases include Early Minimalism Volume 1, a four-CD set, Slapping Pythagoras, Four Violins ( recorded in the 1960s ), Outside the Dream Syndicate Alive ( with Faust, from London 1995 ), and Fantastic Glissando.

It seems that he was influenced by the theories of Pythagoras.

which can be obtained by two consecutive applications of Pythagoras ' theorem.

Pythagoras ( 582-496 BC ) of Ionia, and later, Italy, then colonized by Greeks, may have been a student of Thales, and traveled to Babylon and Egypt.

" Having an interest in Rosicrucianism, a prominent magico-religious tradition within Western esotericism, Gardner decided to attend one of the plays performed by the group ; in August 1939, Gardner took his wife to a theatrical performance based on the life of Pythagoras.

However, as time went by, Gardner became critical of many of the Rosicrucian Order's practices ; Sullivan's followers claimed that he was immortal, having formerly been the famous historical figures Pythagoras, Cornelius Agrippa and Francis Bacon.

Hippocrates was credited by the disciples of Pythagoras of allying philosophy and medicine.

* Lambda was used by Pythagoras to denote the " Lambda number sequence " 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 8, 27, ..., formed by the integers of the form 2 < sup > i </ sup > and 3 < sup > i </ sup >, for nonnegative integer i.

Numerology and numerological divination by systems such as isopsephy were popular among early mathematicians, such as Pythagoras, but are no longer considered part of mathematics and are regarded as pseudomathematics or pseudoscience by modern scientists.

" Similar to Pythagoras, he too believed that everything had numerical relationships and it was up to the mind to seek and investigate the secrets of these relationships or have them revealed by divine grace.

After criticizing the approaches of his predecessors, Ptolemy argued for basing musical intervals on mathematical ratios ( in contrast to the followers of Aristoxenus and in agreement with the followers of Pythagoras ) backed up by empirical observation ( in contrast to the overly theoretical approach of the Pythagoreans ).

This is called Pythagorean tuning because it was first discovered by Pythagoras.

In the travel account of Pythagoras, several chapters are related to description of his travels accompanied by Darius the Great, to Susa and Persepolis, and the area is described.

This doctrine is a central tenet of the Indian religions and is a belief that was held by such historic figures as Pythagoras, Plato and Socrates.

It is, in its purely physical application, a theory that he fully accepts ; he holds that it was taught by Pythagoras, Empedocles, and in fact, nearly all the ancient philosophers, and was only perverted to atheism by Democritus.

Diogenes Laërtius divides the physiologoi into two groups, Ionian and Italiote, led by Anaximander and Pythagoras, respectively.

The practical side of philosophy was introduced by Pythagoras of Samos ( 582-496 BCE ).

The cosmos as originated by Pythagoras is parallel to the Zoroastrian term aša, the concept of a divine order, or divinely ordered creation.

Later, the polis of Rhegion reached great artistic and cultural heights, as is shown by the presence of art, philosophy and science academies, such as the Pythagorean School and also for its well-known poets, historians and sculptors such Ibycus, Ippy and Pythagoras of Rhegium.

They also demonstrated knowledge of the Pythagorean theorem well before Pythagoras, as evidenced by this tablet translated by Dennis Ramsey and dating to ca.

Education is important for comprehending the scheme of things as presented by Aristotle, Plato and Pythagoras but also by the Chaldaean Oracles.

Journey to the East is written from the point of view of a man ( in the book called " H. H .") who becomes a member of " The League ", a timeless religious sect whose members include famous fictional and real characters, such as Plato, Mozart, Pythagoras, Paul Klee, Don Quixote, Puss in Boots, Tristram Shandy, Baudelaire, and the ferryman Vasudeva, a character from one of Hesse's earlier works, Siddhartha.

Although Neoplatonic philosophers, who quote apocryphal works of Orpheus, Zoroaster, Pythagoras and other figures, almost never cite Hermes Trismegistus, the tracts were still popular enough in the 5th century to be argued against by Augustine of Hippo in the City of God,

Satyrus placed him at the head of the Seven Sages, and even Heraclitus, who poured scorn on figures such as Hesiod and Pythagoras, referred to Bias as " a man of more consideration than any.

This scene leads to the philosophical doctrines of Pythagoras, who had started a school at the same time to Metaponto and which were among his disciples some aristocratic figures of the ancient inland territories of Basilicata.

The discoveries of several Greek mathematicians, including Pythagoras, Euclid, and Archimedes, are still used in mathematical teaching today.

As his soul could not forget anything even after death, it remembered that from the body of Aethalides it had successively migrated into those of Euphorbus, Hermotimus, Pyrrhus, and at last into that of Pythagoras, in whom it still retained the recollection of its former migrations.

However, as Titus Livius observed, this was not possible, as Pythagoras was not born until more than a century after Numa's death, and was still living in the early days of the Republic.