Romansh, spoken by two percent of the population in southeast Switzerland, is an ancient Rheato-Romanic language derived from Latin, remnants of ancient Celtic languages and perhaps Etruscan.

Romansh came to be a written language, and therefore it is recognized as a language, even though it is very close to the Lombardic alpine dialects.

Romansh ( also spelled Romansch, Rumants ( c ) h, or Romanche ; Romansh: /// rumàntsch ; German: Rätoromanisch ; Italian: Romancio ) is a Rhaeto-Romance language descended from the Vulgar Latin spoken by the Roman era occupiers of the region.

Romansh is one of the four national languages of Switzerland, along with German, French and Italian.

Spoken by around 0. 9 % of Switzerland's 7. 7 million inhabitants, Romansh is Switzerland's least-used national language in terms of number of speakers and the tenth most spoken language in Switzerland overall.

Another distinguishing feature is the centuries-long language contact with German, which is most noticeable in the vocabulary and to a lesser extent the syntax of Romansh.

The main feature placing Romansh within the Gallo-Romance languages is the fronting of Latin // to

The city is called Zurich in French, Zurigo in Italian, and Turitg in Romansh.

It is closely related to the Swiss Romansh and Friulian.

Graubünden is also home to three of Switzerland's ethnic groups and the subsequent languages of Swiss German, Italian and Romansh are all native to the state.

It is also the only canton where the Romansh language is still spoken.

There is a linguistic element to the religions, for the canton's German-speakers have been majority Protestant, whereas the Italian and Romansh speakers ( and their descendants who may no longer speak those languages ) are largely Roman Catholic.

Graubünden is the only canton of Switzerland with three official languages: German in the northwest ( 68 %), Romansh in the Engadin and around Disentis / Mustér ( 15 %), and Italian in the Italian Graubünden ( 10 %) with the remaining 7 % speaking another language.

Romansh is an umbrella term covering a group of closely related dialects, spoken in southern Switzerland and all belonging to the Rhaeto-Romance language family.

Cunter ( Romansh, in German: Conters im Oberhalbstein ) is a municipality in the district of Albula in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

The source is located in the Swiss Alps, west of St. Moritz in the Engadin region, which is named after the river ( Romansh Engiadina: " garden of the Inn ").

In the fourth national language of Switzerland, Romansh, it is abbreviated as ASB ( Associaziun Svizra da Ballape ).

The Engadin or Engadine ( German: Engadin, Italian: Engadina, Romansh: Engiadina ; tr: garden of the Inn ) is a long valley in the Swiss Alps located in the canton of Graubünden in southeast Switzerland.

In Romansh, which is the indigenous language of the region, the " Engadin " literally translates as the Inn Garden ; the garden of the Inn River ( Romansh: En ), however, historically, politically, and geographically, the Engadin refers to the entire region, including the Inn River Valley, its tributaries, and the surrounding mountains.

Within the Romance languages, Romansh stands out through its peripheral location, which manifests itself through several archaic features.

Romansh belongs to the Gallo-Romance branch of the Romance languages, which includes languages such as French, Occitan, and Lombard alongside Romansh.

They also act as a linguistic refugium, preserving archaic dialects such as Romansh, Walser German or Romance Lombardic.

The western continuum of Romance languages, which comprises, from West to East: In Portugal, Portuguese ; In Spain, Galician, Leonese or Asturian, Castilian or Spanish, Aragonese and Catalan or Valencian ; In France, Occitan, Franco-Provençal and standard French ; in Italy, Italian and in Switzerland, Romansh as well as other languages with fewer speakers, is sometimes presented as another example, although the major languages in this group have had separate standards for longer than the languages in the continental West Germanic group, and are not commonly classified as dialects of a common language.

Swiss French is not to be confused with Franco-Provençal / Arpitan ( also spoken in Romandie ) or Romansh ( spoken in the Grisons ), two other individual Romance languages.

Like all dialects of Western Lombard, Milanese is a Western Romance language, related to French, Romansh, and to other Gallo-Italian languages.

Compare: English Welsh, Flemish Dutch waalsch " Walloons ", German welsch " French ", Switzerland German Churwelsch " Churer Romance " ( an old name for Romansh, which used to be spoken in Chur ), Old Norse Valir " Roman ; French ".

The Romance languages — Galician / Portuguese, Spanish, Sicilian, Catalan, Occitan / Provençal, French, Sardinian, Romanian, Romansh, Friulan, other Italian, French, and Ibero-Romance dialects, and others — form another well-known continuum, with varying degrees of mutual intelligibility.

Some publishers design games that contain instructions and game elements in more than one language, e. g. the game Ursuppe comes with rules and cards in both German and English ; Khronos features instructions in French, English, and German, and a Swiss game, Enchanted Owls, provides French, German, Italian, and Romansh rules.

In the 2000 Swiss census, 35, 095 people ( of which 27, 038 in the canton of Grisons ) indicated Romansh as the language of " best command ", and 61, 815 also as a " regularly spoken " language.

* Ticino, a canton ( German: Tessin ; French: Tessin ; Romansh: Tessin ; Italian: language: Ticino )

It was also declared an " official language " of the Confederation in 1996, meaning that Romansh speakers may use Rumantsch Grischun for correspondence with the federal government and expect to receive a response in the same language.

Romansh has a status of an official language at a cantonal level.

Romansh remained the main language in Einsiedeln until the 10th century.

In the same century the German language started to prevail over Romansh.

* Romansh language

* aper " wild boar " > salvāticus porcus, from ( porcus ) silvāticus " wild pig " ( Old French porc salvage, Romansh portg selvadi, Ladin porcel salvare, Ligurian porcu sarvaigu " wild boar ")

)" > formāticum, from ( cāseus ) formāticus " cheese formed in a mold " ( French fromage, Italian formaggio, Catalan formatge " cheese ", post-classical, from formare, " to mold "; vs. Sardinian casu, Tuscan cacio, Romanian caş, Spanish queso, Portuguese queijo, Romansh caschiel, chaschöl " cheese ")

)" > grassī, from Classical crassī " fat, thick " ( French gras, Romansh grass, Italian grasso, Occitan / Catalan / Romanian gras, Spanish graso, Portuguese graxo " fat ".

)" > berbicēs, from Late Latin berbex ,-ecis " wether ( ram )", from Classical vervex ( French brebis " ewe ", Italian berbice, Old Occitan berbitz, Romansh barbeisch " ram ", Romanian berbec " ram "; but Portuguese ovelha, Spanish oveja, Catalan ovella, Occitan dial.

)" > fortiam, from Classical fortis " strong " ( French force, Romansh / Italian forza, Occitan / Catalan força, Spanish fuerza, Portuguese força, Romanian foarte " very ( much ); intense ")

* pignus " proof, token, pledge " > wadius, from Gothic wadi ( French gage " pledge ", Occitan gadi " will ( testament )"; vs. Romansh pegn, Italian pegno, Occitan penha )

By the 10th century, there were settlements of Romansh speakers from Disentis in the high valleys.

Historical linguist Graziadio Isaia Ascoli presented the theory that Ladin, Romansh and Friulan are from the same family

The idea of unity among Ladin, Romansh and Friulan comes from the Italian historical linguist Graziadio Isaia Ascoli, who was born in Gorizia.

The goose is not the origin of the name Sargans, rather it comes from a field named Senegaunis or in Romansh Sanagazza.

In the 6th century the German speaking Bavarii started to inhabit the plateau, gradually extruding the Romansh from day to day language.

Nearly 2000 years later, some of the population of Graubünden still speak Romansh which is descended from Vulgar Latin.

** Romansh, with five written standards ( from southwest to northeast: Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader ) as well as a " compromise " form.

The most important work to discuss him was the novel by Conrad Ferdinand Meyer ( 1876 ), which among other accomplishments changed his name, at least in popular percpetion, from Giorgio, Georg or Zoartz ( the most common forms during his lifetime in Italian, German and Romansh, respectively ) to the more north German ' Jürg.

The oldest known written records of Romansh dating from the period before 1500 are:

From the 1940s onwards, Romansh writers consciously attempted to assimilate influences from international literary movements, as well as reflecting the situation of traditional Romansh culture as a disappearing way of life in a world of modernity and change.

The expansion of the Walliser German speaking Walser stopped in 1457 when they were forbidden from marrying or buying land from the Romansh speaking locals.