Alexander I ( c. 1078 – 23 April 1124 ), also called Alaxandair mac Maíl Coluim ( Modern Gaelic: Alasdair mac Mhaol Chaluim ) and nicknamed " The Fierce ", was King of the Scots from 1107 to his death.

In addition to Triumphant Democracy ( 1886 ), and The Gospel of Wealth ( 1889 ), he also wrote An American Four-in-hand in Britain ( 1883 ), Round the World ( 1884 ), The Empire of Business ( 1902 ), The Secret of Business is the Management of Men ( 1903 ), James Watt ( 1905 ) in the Famous Scots Series, Problems of Today ( 1907 ), and his posthumously published autobiography Autobiography of Andrew Carnegie ( 1920 ).

To the right of the infantry Lord John Hay ’ s ‘ Scots Greys ’ also picked their way across the stream and charged the Régment du Roi within Autre-Eglise.

The French army also comprised a contingent of Scots commanded by Sir William Douglas.

Lesser migrations of Scandinavians, Portuguese, Greeks, Italians, Spanish, Polish, Scots, English, Jews, Russians and Irish immigrants also contributed to this ethnic mix.

The first curling club in the United States was established in 1830, and the game was introduced to Switzerland and Sweden before the end of the 19th century, also by Scots.

In his fictional historical essay " The Hyborian Age ", Howard describes how the people of Atlantis — the land where his character King Kull originated — had to move east after a great cataclysm changed the face of the world and sank their island, settling where Ireland and Scotland would eventually be located, Thus they are ( in Howard's work ) the ancestors of the Irish and Scottish ( the Celtic Gaels ) and not the Picts, the other ancestor of modern Scots who also appear in Howard's work.

Edinburgh has also become associated with the crime novels of Ian Rankin, and the work of Irvine Welsh, whose novels are mostly set in the city and are often written in colloquial Scots.

The term " Hun " is also used by Catholics in Northern Ireland as a derogatory term to refer to Northern Irish Protestants, most of whom are descended from English and Lowland Scottish settlers, who historically spoke English and Scots respectively ; both Germanic languages.

The act also created a common citizenship, giving Scots free access to English markets.

He was also the first Scots Makar ( the official national poet ), appointed by the inaugural Scottish government in 2004.

Scots, as spoken in the lowlands and along the east coast of Scotland, developed independently from Modern English and is based on the Northern dialects of Anglo-Saxon, particularly Northumbrian, which also serve as the basis of Northern English dialects such as those of Yorkshire and Newcastle upon Tyne.

" This particular line of criticism also misses the obvious parallels that existed between the story's background ( England conquered by the Normans in 1066, when they killed Saxon King Harold at Hastings, about 130 years previously ) and the prevailing situation in Scott's native Scotland ( Scotland's union with England in 1707 – about the same length of time had elapsed before Scott's writing and the resurgence in his time of Scottish nationalism evidenced by the cult of Robert Burns, the famous poet who deliberately chose to work in Scots vernacular though he was an educated man and spoke modern English eloquently ).

The corresponding Modern English verb to ken survives only in highly remote English dialects, and also in the language Scots in the form ( slight differences between dialects ) of tae ken, other than the derivative existing in the standard language in the set expression beyond one ’ s ken, “ beyond the scope of one ’ s knowledge ” and in the phonologically altered form uncanny, “ surreal ” or “ supernatural ”.

The officers were also recruited from Europe – not from the American colonies – and consisted of English, Scots, Irish, Dutch, Swiss and Germans.

Mac Bethad mac Findlaích ( Modern Gaelic: MacBheatha mac Fhionnlaigh, anglicised as Macbeth, and nicknamed Rí Deircc, " the Red King "; died 15 August 1057 ) was King of the Scots ( also known as the King of Alba, and earlier as King of Moray and King of Fortriu ) from 1040 until his death.

Norn had also been a spoken language in Caithness but had probably become extinct there by the 15th century replaced by Scots.

Old Norse also had an influence on English dialects and Lowland Scots, which contains many Old Norse loanwords.

In fact, most Presbyterians found in England can trace a Scottish connection, and the Presbyterian denomination was also taken to North America mostly by Scots and Scots-Irish immigrants.

The building also contains several frescos depicting scenes from Scots history by William Brassey Hole in the entrance foyer, including a large example of Bruce marshalling his men at Bannockburn.

With only three weeks for planning and execution, Scott created a spectacular and comprehensive pageant, designed not only to impress the King, but also in some way to heal the rifts that had previously destabilised Scots society.

It is also the basis of the Scots song Coulter's Candy.

William the Lion ( Mediaeval Gaelic: Uilliam mac Eanric ; Modern Gaelic: Uilleam mac Eanraig ), sometimes styled William I, also known by the nickname Garbh, " the Rough ", ( c 1143 – 4 December 1214 ) reigned as King of the Scots from 1165 to 1214.

This team also included Wolfsbane ( a devout Scots Presbyterian ), Danielle Moonstar ( a Cheyenne Native American ) and Cannonball, and was later joined by Magma ( a devout Greco-Roman classical religionist ).

In Middle Scots, it represented the sound in the clusters, and written l and n. Yogh was also used for rather than y.

" Whether the story of the vision is true or not, the banner of St Cuthbert was regularly carried in battle against the Scots until the Reformation, and it serves as a good example of how St Cuthbert was regarded as a protector of his people.

Before the reign of David I ( 1124 – 53 ) brought Norman and Anglo-French culture to the court, the Scots possessed a flourishing literary elite who regularly produced texts in both Gaelic and Latin that were frequently transmitted to Ireland and elsewhere.

She wrote regularly for The World, The Spectator, The Magazine of Art, The Scots Observer, The Tablet, The Art Journal, the National Observer, edited by W. E. Henley the Pall Mall Gazette, and The Saturday Review.

In Northern English and Scots, yede was gaed, regularly formed by suffixing-ed to a variant of go.

Being about 70 miles down the coast from Scotland, the monks occasionally found themselves in between the regularly warring Scots and English.

" Womyn " appeared as a regular spelling of " woman " in the Scots poetry of James Hogg.

Sir Philip Mowbray, the commander of Stirling Castle, who had observed Bruce's preparations on the road, appeared in Edward's camp early in the morning, and warned of the dangers of approaching the Scots directly through the New Park.

" And werena my heart light I wad dee ", the most famous of Lady Grisell's Scots songs, originally appeared in Orpheus Caledonius ( 1725 ).

Much revivalist Ulster Scots has appeared, for example as " official translations ", since the 1990s.

Massey appeared in numerous British films from the 1950s onwards, including Cromwell, The Cat and the Canary, The Jokers, The Vault of Horror, Mary, Queen of Scots, Victory !, and In the Name of the Father.

His mother, Mary, Queen of Scots ( executed in 1587 for treason ) had been a devout Catholic, and James's attitude appeared moderate, even tolerant towards Catholics.

His first Scots poem to be published ( The Daft Days ) appeared on 2 January 1772, and from that date on he submitted works in both languages.

Popular reception for his Scots work, as evidenced in a number of verse epistles in its praise, helped persuade Ruddiman to publish a first general edition of his poems which appeared in early 1773 and sold around 500 copies, allowing Fergusson to clear a profit.

The Scots magnates were all summoned to attend, and when none appeared they were all declared to be traitors.

It appeared in Scots during the 17th century in forms such as Swethin and Swadne.

In 1817 his first essay on phrenology was published in The Scots Magazine ; and a series of papers on the same subject appeared soon afterwards in the Literary and Statistical Magazine ; these were collected and published in 1819 in book form as Essays on Phrenology, which in later editions became A System of Phrenology.

The legend of Sawney Bean first appeared in the British chapbooks ( rumour magazines of the day ), which today leads many to argue that the story was a political propaganda tool to denigrate the Scots after the Jacobite Rebellions.

The following day the Scots struck camp and marched to Ponteland where they destroyed its castle, and then on to Otterburn just 30 miles from Newcastle, Douglas appeared to be tarrying to see whether Hotspur would react.

" The real MacKay ," is a Scots phrase that first appeared in print in 1856 as " A drappie o ’ of the real MacKay ," according to the Scottish National Dictionary ; the same work says that the phrase was later adopted as a slogan to promote G Mackay & Co Ltd's whisky.

To the Scots and the English Parliaments, this appeared to confirm that Charles was a tyrant, who wanted to impose Catholicism on his kingdoms, and to govern again without reference to his Parliaments as he had done in 1628 – 1640.

His early writing was interrupted by wartime service with the Royal Scots Fusiliers, hence most of his fiction appeared in the two decades following World War II.

" The traditional origin of the noble house of Hay is thus related :— In the reign of Kenneth III, anno 980, the Danes, who had invaded Scotland, having prevailed, at the battle of Luncarty, near Perth, were pursuing the flying Scots, from the field, when a countryman and his two sons appeared in a narrow pass, through which the vanquished were hurrying, and impeded for a moment their flight.

Craig's first poem, an epithalamium in honor of the marriage of Mary, Queen of Scots, and Darnley, appeared in 1565.

Around 15 years later, the rank appeared in its shortened form simply as " marshal " in the additional verse to God Save the King which, demonstrating anti-Jacobite sentiment, expressed the hope that " Marshal Wade " would crush the " Rebellious Scots ".

He also appeared as a dour Scots police officer, Jack Lambie, in Strangers, a role he reprised as a guest star in the spin-off, Bulman.