Since 1963, experiments have also been conducted to determine whether the instinctive reactions of those presented with a Gettier problem are uniform or display language or genetic biases.

Since these duties fit neatly with those of the proposed presidential aide, one person, with adequate staff assistance, could fill both jobs.

Since the Church of England is a state church, a further step, sending the proposed revision to Parliament in the form of a " Deposited Book ", was required.

Since then, other variant designs involving building an artificial structure or series of structures to encompass a star have been proposed in exploratory engineering or described in science fiction under the name " Dyson sphere.

Since the early 20th century, certain logicians have proposed logics that deny the validity of the law.

Since at least the time of Augustine, theologians, considering baptism to be necessary for the salvation of those to whom it can be administered, have debated the fate of unbaptized innocents, and the theory of the Limbo of Infants is one of the hypotheses that have been formulated as a proposed solution.

Since it was first proposed as a part of Mars Direct, the Mars Habitat Unit has been adopted by NASA as a part of their Mars Design Reference Mission, which utilizes two Mars Habitat Units-one of which flies to Mars unmanned, providing a dedicated laboratory facility on Mars, together with the capacity to carry a larger rover vehicle.

Since then, four other novae explosions have been proposed as helium novae.

Automobile exhaust gas capture has also been proposed to be economical but would require extensive design changes or retrofitting .< ref name = Musadi2011 > Since carbonic acid in seawater is in chemical equilibrium with atmospheric carbon dioxide, extraction of carbon from seawater has been studied.

In an often quoted remark, Gould stated, " Since we proposed punctuated equilibria to explain trends, it is infuriating to be quoted again and again by creationists — whether through design or stupidity, I do not know — as admitting that the fossil record includes no transitional forms.

Since Schrödinger's time, other interpretations of quantum mechanics have been proposed that give different answers to the questions posed by Schrödinger's cat of how long superpositions last and when ( or whether ) they collapse.

Since the country's first rapid rail transit line opened in 1999 in Bangkok, daily ridership on Bangkok's various transit lines has risen to over 800, 000, with multiple additional lines either under construction or being proposed.

The initial hypothesis proposed the record may be RNA-based Since then, alternative models have been proposed which would explain the phenotype without requiring a new model of inheritance.

Since then, the urban growth boundary has been significantly increased a number of times and a further extension is currently proposed.

Since the Ca < sup > 2 +</ sup > hypothesis of Alzheimer ’ s was proposed in 1994, several studies have shown that disruptions in Ca < sup > 2 +</ sup > signalling are the primary cause of Alzheimer ’ s disease.

Since then many alternative reconstructions have been proposed for the configuration of the cratons in this supercontinent.

Since MCS sufferers seem to have symptoms only when they perceive exposure to chemicals, the syndrome is proposed to be a result of odor hypersensitivity in which individuals have an exaggerated response to scents, or psychological factors.

Since the late 1940s with the dissolution of British India and creation of Pakistan, some rigid Pashtun nationalists proposed merging with Afghanistan or creating Pashtunistan as a future sovereign state for the local Pashtun inhabitanits of the area.

Since much of the traffic at the time was between Croydon and Le Bourget Airport in Paris, he proposed the word " Mayday " from the French m ’ aider.

Since then, many other forms of lymphoma have been described, grouped under several proposed classifications.

Since the early 19th century, Western scholars have proposed various language families or subfamilies as the affines of the language of the Xiongnu.

Since XERF reception reports had been received from Europe when the power was maintained at 250, 000 watts, it was proposed that Wonderful Radio London would take over the entirety of the hours after midnight CET.

Since the Earth is in motion, two main possibilities were considered: ( 1 ) The aether is stationary and only partially dragged by Earth ( proposed by Augustin-Jean Fresnel in 1818 ), or ( 2 ) the aether is completely dragged by Earth and thus shares its motion at Earth's surface ( proposed by George Gabriel Stokes in 1844 ).

Since an Artinian ring is also Noetherian, and finitely-generated modules over a Noetherian ring are Noetherian, it is true that for an Artinian ring R, any finitely-generated R-module is both Noetherian and Artinian, and is said to be of finite length ; however, if R is not Artinian, or if M is not finitely generated, there are counterexamples.

Since the 12th century, courts have had parallel and co-equal authority to make law -- " legislating from the bench " is a traditional and essential function of courts, which was carried over into the U. S. system as an essential component of the " judicial power " specified by Article III of the U. S. constitution.

Since Chinese traditional thought focuses more on ethics rather than metaphysics, it has developed several schools distinct from the originating Indian schools.

Since the radical movement of the Cultural Revolution, the Chinese government has become much more tolerant with the practice of traditional beliefs.

Since at least the 1940s, the approach of traditional Christians was to apply the meaning of cult such that it included those religious groups who use other scriptures beside the Bible or have teachings and practices deviating from traditional Christian teachings and practices.

Since traditional " Euclidean " space never reaches infinity, the projective equivalent, called extended Euclidean space, must be formed by adding the required ' plane at infinity '.

Since there are two different calendars currently in use among various Orthodox churches, two dates are listed: the first date is the date on the traditional Julian Calendar, the second date, after the slash, is the same day on the modern Gregorian Calendar:

Since 1971, it has been illegal to import haggis into the US from the UK due to a ban on food containing sheep lung, which constitutes 10 to 15 % of the traditional recipe.

Since the emergence of the post-1943 state and after the destruction of the Ottoman Caliphate, national policy has been determined largely by a relatively restricted group of traditional regional and sectarian leaders.

Since the early 1970s he has refused to write for conventional symphony orchestras and has instead opted to write for his own idiosyncratic instrumental combinations, which often retain some traditional orchestral instruments alongside electric guitars, electric basses, and congas.

Since Mach was designed as a " drop-in " replacement for the traditional UNIX kernel, this discussion focuses on what distinguishes Mach from UNIX.

Since the early 1960s, theoretical linguists have moved away from the traditional concept of a phoneme, preferring to consider basic units at a more abstract level, as a component of morphemes ; these units can be called morphophonemes, and analysis using this approach is called morphophonology.

Since the destruction of the Second Temple, and ( therefore ) the cessation of the daily and seasonal temple ceremonies and sacrifices, Kohanim in traditional Judaism ( Orthodox Judaism and to some extent, Conservative Judaism ) continue to perform a number of priestly ceremonies and roles such as the Pidyon HaBen ( redemption of a first-born son ) ceremony and the Priestly Blessing, and have remained subject, particularly in Orthodox Judaism, to a number of restrictions, such as restrictions on certain marriages and ritual purity ( see Kohanic disqualifications ).

Since then, Languedoc has built exclusively for the two, and his designs and traditional wood choices have given Phish a unique instrumental identity.

Since HDLs are not considered to be programming languages by most hardware engineers, hardware refactoring is to be considered a separate field from traditional code refactoring.

Since the general animation renaissance headlined by the likes of Who Framed Roger Rabbit and The Little Mermaid at the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s, there have been an increasing number of traditional stop motion feature films, despite advancements with computer animation.

Since the mid-20th Century, advances in rubber, plastics, synthetic cloth, and industrial adhesives have allowed manufacturers to create shoes that stray considerably from traditional crafting techniques.

Since then it has become a more traditional, liberal trade union.

Since 1989 Solidarity has become a more traditional trade union, and had relatively little impact on the political scene of Poland in the early 1990s.

" Since about 2005 there have been hybrid machines introduced, which combine elements of both video machines and traditional electromechanical machines.

Since then, a wide variety of social scientists have criticized traditional ideas about tradition ; meanwhile, " tradition " has come into usage in biology as applied to nonhuman animals.

Since 2005 there has been an unofficial holiday called Wombat Day observed on 22 October, at the beginning of the traditional aboriginal spring planting season.

Since these refused to submit voluntarily and tried to assert their traditional independence, his papacy is full of struggles against the higher ranks of the clergy.

Since the space concept doesn ’ t necessarily have to be economical in the traditional sense, it allows the enrichment to exceed that which would be acceptable for a terrestrial system.