Since Edward Simpson did not actually discover this statistical paradox, some writers, instead, have used the impersonal names reversal paradox and amalgamation paradox in referring to what is now called Simpson's Paradox and the Yule-Simpson effect.

Since the amalgamation of New Toronto into Etobicoke in 1967 and Etobicoke into Toronto in 1997, St. Teresa has been challenged by the deindustrialisation of New Toronto which has led to an exodus of working families to newer suburbs.

Since the amalgamation of Alliston, Beeton and Tottenham under the Town of New Tecumseth, New Tecumseth Fire Rescue has 3 stations with a total force of 105 personnel.

Since the amalgamation of the City of Fitzroy with the City of Collingwood and the City of Richmond in 1994 to form the City of Yarra, the Town Hall has functioned as secondary offices for the City of Yarra.

Since the 1990s the left has dominated as the Old City of Toronto shifted to the left, but amalgamation in 1997 added many suburban areas with more right-leaning voters.

Since the amalgamation, the regiment itself has not been involved in any hostilities but has constantly provided individuals to augment the Regular Force in both NATO and United Nations peacekeeping duties as well as domestic operations such as Operation RECUPERATION during the Ice Storm of 1998.

Since amalgamation took place, it is less clear whether " Birkenhead " includes Verrans Corner, Birkdale and Beach Haven.

Since amalgamation, it has been sometimes referred to as Miramichi East.

Since that time, during the next twenty years, there was a process of administrative amalgamation of neighboring settlements within the limits of Kohtla-Järve.

Since its establishment, it has merged the Auxiliary Police forces of CIAS, PSA Corporation and ST Kinetics as a result of an amalgamation exercise initiated by Temasek Holdings ..

Since amalgamation, apparatus numbers are numbered by a letter and 3 digits.

Since amalgamation, the Symphony Orchestra Musicians Association ( SOMA ) & the NSW Artworkers Union have joined the Alliance, a Professional Sports Branch has been created & the Screen Technicians Association of Australia ( STAA ) reconstituted itself under the Alliance banner.

Since then it marks the meeting place of Gloucestershire, Warwickshire and Oxfordshire.

Since the eighteenth century, Barclay historians, noted for their low level in medieval scholarship, have assumed the Scottish family Barclay ( de Berchelai ) is a branch of one of the Anglo-Norman Berkeley family of Berkeley in Gloucestershire.

Since 1694, all the Lord Lieutenants have also been Custos Rotulorum of Gloucestershire.

" Since our last a man has been apprehended on suspicion of the murder and robbery of Mr. Roach last Saturday se ' en night in the evening ; he says he formerly belonged to the regiment of Royal Gloucestershire Hussars Y. Buffs, ( Royal Gloucestershire Hussars ) but, having a rupture, was discharged, and that he supported himself by travelling about the country, his account of supporting himself, however was so lame, he is committed to a place of security at Devices for further examination ".

Since its unification with Pakistan, the East Pakistan Army had consisted of only one infantry brigade, which was made up of two battalions, the 1st East Bengal Regiment and the 1 / 14 or 3 / 8 Punjab Regiment in 1948.

Since this time the Regiment has always had soldiers on operational service overseas.

Since 1904, all ranks of the Royal Scots and King's Own Scottish Borderers have worn them in their full-dress headgear and that tradition is carried on in the dress glengarries of the current Scottish-super regiment, The Royal Regiment of Scotland.

Since then it has been a Signal Corps post, a showcase for US Army's cavalry and since the 1940s, home to the US Army's elite ceremonial units-The US Army Band (" Pershing's Own ") and the US Army's 3d Infantry Regiment (" The Old Guard ").

Since the CCF is attached to the Royal Regiment of Fusiliers, a regiment with the Freedom of the Borough, the cadets are permitted to march with swords drawn, drums beating and colours flying.

Since spring 2005, 10th Field Regiment, 26th Field Regiment and 116th Independent Field Battery have been grouped together as 38 Canadian Brigade Group's ( 38 CBG ) Artillery Tactical Group ( ATG ).

Since 1990, the RAF Regiment has defended airfields in Afghanistan, Bosnia, Croatia, Cyprus, Falkland Islands, Iraq, Kosovo, Kuwait, Northern Ireland, Saudi Arabia and Sierra Leone.

Since its formation, it has been manned exclusively by officers and men of the RAF Regiment.

Since the Van Heutsz Regiment did not have its colors in 1950, a Dutch flag that was used in Korea as the battle flag of the Nederlands Detachement Verenigde Naties became the regimental colour.

Since then, several Regimental or Brigade Combat Teams have mobilized through Camp Shelby including the 278th Armored Cavalry Regiment ( Tennessee Army National Guard ); the 155th Heavy Brigade Combat Team ( MS ARNG ); the 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 28th Infantry Division ( PA ARNG ); the 56th Stryker Brigade Combat Team, 28th Infantry Division ( PA ARNG ) ; the 53rd Brigade Combat Team ( FL ARNG ); the 1st Brigade Combat Team, 34th Infantry Division ( MN ARNG ); the 41st Brigade Combat Team ( OR ARNG ); the 256th Infantry Brigade Combat Team ( LA ARNG ); and the 116th Cavalry Brigade Combat Team ( ID ARNG ), and the 48th Infantry Brigade Combat Team ( GA ARNG ).

Since 2000, operational activity of the Regiment has concentrated on the Balkans and the Middle East, interspersed with two deployments to Canada in 2002 as OPFOR ( opposing force ) and 2007 as both OPFOR and as a formation reconnaissance battlegroup.

Since 1938, members have worn the red hackle on their khaki tam o ' shanter as a symbol of the regiment's connection with the famous Black Watch Regiment.

Since Prince George of Denmark was Lord Admiral ( and thus was its Honorary Colonel ), it was also known as Prince George of Denmark's Regiment until his death in 1708.

Since 1900, the Regiment has seen overseas service during the Second Boer War and both World Wars, earning 44 battle honours during these campaigns.

Since then, that regiment has itself been amalgamated, merging with the Devonshire and Dorset Regiment ( D and D ), the Light Infantry ( LI ) and the Royal Green Jackets ( RGJ ) to form The Rifles ( RIFLES ).

Since being re-equipped with the ASLAV the 2nd Cavalry Regiment has played a key role in Australian military operations.

Since the creation of Pakistan in 1947, the Punjab Regiment has seen the appointment of four Colonel-in-Chiefs ;

Since 1947, the Regiment has won the following battle honours as part of the Indian Army:

Since the inception of the Special Operations Capable ( SOC ) Marine Expeditionary Unit's ( MEU's ) in support of contingency operations in the Western Pacific, the 1st Marine Regiment has been the SOC Regiment of the 1st Marine Division.

Since 2003 the heritage of the regiment lives on along Route 15 through Maryland, where the Maryland Senate dedicated it as the 115th Infantry Regiment Memorial Highway.

Since service specifically as a VPI unit had been denied, along with the lettered units of the Corps, Major Harvey and fifteen cadets of the Band resigned from VPI and enlisted as individuals with the Second Regiment, along with four VPI alumni and five members of the Blacksburg Glade Cornet Band.

Since writing was practiced in the Aegean before the end of the century, we may hope that the details of tradition will now be occasionally useful.

Since none of these glimpses of poetizing without writing is intended to incorporate a signature into the epic matter, there is prima-facie evidence that Beowulf and the Homeric poems each derive from an oral tradition.

Since she also has considerable technical virtuosity and a feeling for music in the romantic tradition, Miss Xydis gave her listeners a good deal of pleasure.

Since the break the Church of England, an established national church, still considers itself part of the broader Western Catholic tradition as well as being the " mother church " of the worldwide Anglican Communion.

Since its introduction at games by the " Roar from 34 ", led by Wild Bill Hagy and others, in the late 1970s, it has been a tradition at Orioles games for fans to yell out the " Oh " in the line " Oh, say does that Star-Spangled Banner yet wave " in " The Star-Spangled Banner ".

This custom is linked to an older English tradition: Since they would have to wait on their masters on Christmas Day, the servants of the wealthy were allowed the next day to visit their families.

Since esotericism is not a single tradition but a vast array of often unrelated figures and movements, there is no single historical thread underlying them all.

Since the 1970s, the tradition has been revived.

Since that time, Major League Baseball has adopted a new annual tradition, " Jackie Robinson Day ," in which all players on all teams wear # 42.

Since the 1950s, following the lead of D. W. Jefferson, there are those who argue that, whatever its legacy of influence may be, Tristram Shandy in its original context actually represents a resurgence of a much older, Renaissance tradition of " Learned Wit " – owing a debt to such influences as the Scriblerian approach.

Since definitions of left and right based on the geometry of the natural environment are unwieldy, in practice, the meaning of relative direction words is conveyed through tradition, acculturation, education, and direct reference.

Since the tradition of research on color terminology is by far the largest area of research into linguistic relativity it is described below in its own section.

Since the terms are administrative political subdivisions of the local regional government their exact relationship and definitions are subject to home rule considerations, tradition, as well as state statute law and local governmental ( administrative ) definition and control.

( Since according to tradition Carthage was founded in 814 BC, the arrival of Trojan refugees a few hundred years earlier exposes chronological difficulties within the mythic tradition.

Since then, a wide variety of social scientists have criticized traditional ideas about tradition ; meanwhile, " tradition " has come into usage in biology as applied to nonhuman animals.

Since the mid-20th century Witchcraft has become the designation of a branch of neopaganism, specifically those Wicca traditions following Gerald Gardner, who claimed a religious tradition of Witchcraft with pre-Christian roots.

Since Arafat was raised in Cairo, the tradition of dropping the Mohammed or Ahmad portion of one's first name was common ; notable Egyptians such as Anwar Sadat and Hosni Mubarak did so.

Since 1988, the student organization Tårnseilerne have produced annual masquerade balls in Oslo in the historical renovated freemasons lodge in the Carnival tradition, with masks, costumes and processions after attending an opera performance.

Since 1993, Lord Mayors have not received any automatic honours upon appointment ; instead, they have been created Knights Bachelor upon retirement, although Gordon Brown's government broke with tradition by awarding Ian Luder the CBE after his term of office in 2009, and the following year Nick Anstee declined the offer of any national honour.

Since the development of more complex conceptions of gender and subjectivity and third-wave feminism, feminist literary criticism has taken a variety of new routes, namely in the tradition of the Frankfurt School's critical theory.

Since the demise of Group C ( where Japan and Germany both had successful series of their own ) Japan has largely gone its own way in sports car racing ; the Super GT series is for very highly modified production-based cars ; although prototypes are slowly returning to Japanese racing in the Japan Le Mans Challenge many of these ' prototypes ' are little more than rebodied Formula 3 cars ( although there has been a long Japanese tradition of such hybrids ; a Grand Champion series ran for many years with rebodied Formula 2 and Formula 3000 cars, rather similar to the second incarnation of Can-Am ).

Since the 19th century, much of the square dance repertoire has been derived from jigs and reels from Scotland and Ireland, sometimes in relatively unaltered form, sometimes as played in the old time music tradition or as adapted by other cultures such as that of Quebec.

Since ancient Greek myths were passed down through oral tradition, many variations of this and other myths exist.