Since the mid-19th century, Paris has been known as Paname () in the Parisian slang called argot ( File: ltspkr. png Moi j ' suis d ' Paname, i. e. " I'm from Paname ").

Since at least the mid-19th century, a group of Catholic flagellants in New Mexico called Hermanos de Luz (" Brothers of Light ") have annually conducted reenactments of Jesus Christ's crucifixion during Holy Week, in which a penitent is tied — but not nailed — to a cross.

Since around the mid-19th century, a more complex title has been used in Twelver Shi ' ism, namely Marja ' al-taqlid.

Since the mid-19th century national postal systems have generally been established as government monopolies with a fee on the article prepaid.

Since the mid-19th century, however, tourism has been the principal business.

Since the mid-19th century, the area has been home to various penal institutions.

Since the mid-19th century, eclecticism, in which there is no a priori bias to a single manuscript, has been the dominant method of editing the Greek text of the New Testament ( currently, the United Bible Society, 4th ed.

Since the mid-19th century, an equestrian statue of Godfrey of Bouillon has stood in the center of the Royal Square in Brussels, Belgium.

His principal works also include Ireland Since the Famine, the standard university textbook for Irish history from the mid-19th to late-20th century, and a biography of Charles Stewart Parnell.

Since the mid-19th century, corporate personhood has become increasingly controversial, as courts have extended other rights to the corporation beyond those necessary to ensure their liability for debts.

Since the mid-19th century, eclecticism, in which there is no a priori bias to a single manuscript, has been the dominant method of editing the Greek text of the New Testament ( currently, the United Bible Society, 4th ed.

Since the mid-19th century, the term she-male has been applied to " almost anyone who appears to have bridged gender lines ", including effeminate men and lesbians.

Since the mid-19th century, pysanky have been created more for decorative reasons than for the purposes of magic, as the belief in such practices has fallen by the wayside in a more modern, scientific era.

Since the extinction of the Great Auk in the mid-19th century, the murres are the largest living members of the Alcidae.

Since the mid-19th century at least it has become a restricted-range endemic species.

Since the mid-19th century, " featherbedding " has been most commonly used in the labor relations field.

Since the mid-19th century, living accommodation has been constantly improved to meet residents ' needs.

Since its last eruptive activity in the mid-19th century, Mount St. Helens had been largely dormant.

Since the mid-19th century, Brockworth has been known locally for the annual rolling of Double Gloucester cheese down Cooper's Hill.

Since 1975, the only production of the opera in the US has been the October 2006 stagings of the French version by the Baltimore Opera, in a mid-19th century re-translation back into Italian, with one aria interpolated from one of the predecessor " Maometto II " versions and one from Rossini's Ciro in Babilonia which featured Elizabeth Futral as Pamira and Viveca Geneaux as Neocle.

Since the mid-19th century the use of commercially produced pigments in portable tubes has facilitated rapid and on-the-spot painting.

Since many of the buildings date back to the mid-19th century, Sacramento is home to the largest concentration of buildings dating back to the California Gold Rush era in the United States.

( Since the mid-19th century, Australia was dubbed the New Gold Mountain after the Gold Mountain of California in North America.

Since the mid-19th century, due to the influence of the Prussian Army, they have become a guide for many military organizations to focus the thinking of military commanders and political leaders toward concepts and methods of successful prosecution of wars and smaller military operations.

Since writing was practiced in the Aegean before the end of the century, we may hope that the details of tradition will now be occasionally useful.

Since Alexander's work in the field came at the turn of the century, his ideas influenced many originators in the field of mind-body improvement.

Since the 20th century, the appointment of Archbishops of Canterbury conventionally alternates between more moderate Anglo-Catholics and Evangelicals.

Since the early 20th century, the armed forces have pursued the goal of weapons self-sufficiency.

Since then, biochemistry has advanced, especially since the mid-20th century, with the development of new techniques such as chromatography, X-ray diffraction, dual polarisation interferometry, NMR spectroscopy, radioisotopic labeling, electron microscopy, and molecular dynamics simulations.

Since Pope Leo XIII issued the bull Apostolicae Curae in 1896, the Catholic Church has insisted that Anglican orders are invalid because of changes in the Anglican ordination rites of the 16th century and divergence in understanding of the theology of priesthood, episcopacy and Eucharist.

Since the mid-20th century, there has been considerable debate over how the earliest forms of life evolved and how to classify them, especially at the kingdom and domain levels and organisms that are or have been considered bacteria.

Since the early 20th century it has been commonly accepted that Old Irish Bel ( l ) taine is derived from a Common Celtic * belo-te ( p ) niâ, meaning " bright fire " ( where the element * belo-might be cognate with the English word bale in ' bale-fire ' meaning ' white ' or ' shining '; compare Anglo-Saxon bael, and Lithuanian / Latvian baltas / balts, found in the name of the Baltic ; in Slavic languages byelo or beloye also means ' white ', as in Беларусь ( White Russia or Belarus ) or Бе ́ лое мо ́ ре Sea ).

Since Daniel was a statesman during the Persian conquests, the Book of Daniel could have been written in a period when the Persians had their greatest influence on Aramaic, believed to be in the mid 6th century BC.

Since the second half of the 20th century most scholars have agreed with Martin Noth's thesis that the books of Deuteronomy, Joshua, Judges, Samuel and Kings form parts of a single work.

Since the late nineteenth century, the South used a colloquial term, the one-drop rule, to classify as black a person of any known African ancestry.

Since the Anglo-Boer war the term " Boervolk " was rarely used in the 20th century by the various regimes because of this attempt to assimilate the Boervolk with the Afrikaners.

Since the second half of the 20th century, computers have been programmed to play chess with increasing success, to the point where home computers can play chess at a very high level.

Since the 12th century, courts have had parallel and co-equal authority to make law -- " legislating from the bench " is a traditional and essential function of courts, which was carried over into the U. S. system as an essential component of the " judicial power " specified by Article III of the U. S. constitution.

Since the late nineteenth century, only two brief periods of violence have marred its democratic development.

Since the consolidation of newspaper comics by the first quarter of the 20th century, most cartoonists have used a group of assistants ( with usually one of them credited ).

Since the 20th century, another source of words has been Japanese using existing kanji ( Chinese characters used in Japanese ).

Since the 16th century, Portugal extensively adopted slavery to man their colonies, coming mainly from West and Central Africa.

Since direct observations of climate are not available before the 19th century, paleoclimates are inferred from proxy variables that include non-biotic evidence such as sediments found in lake beds and ice cores, and biotic evidence such as tree rings and coral.

Since the later 20th century, use of CE and BCE has been popularized in academic and scientific publications, and more generally by publishers emphasizing secularism or sensitivity to non-Christians.

Since the discovery of his " Letter to the Alexandrians " in the last century, much work has been done to rehabilitate Claudius and determine where the truth lies.

Since at least the 3rd century BC, there was influence of northern nomadic peoples and Yemaek peoples on Korean Warfare.

Since the early 21st century within the global functional food industry, raw cranberries have been marketed as a " superfruit " due to their nutrient content and antioxidant qualities.

Since the 19th century, US foreign policy also has been characterized by a shift from the realist school to the idealistic or Wilsonian school of international relations.

Since the Christianization of Ethiopia in the 4th century, the Church of Ethiopia has come under the dominion of the Church of Alexandria.