:" The establishment of the Republic of Afghanistan 1973 increased the Soviet investment in Afghanistan and the PDPA influence in the government's military and civil bodies.

With about $ 18 billion in foreign direct investment ( FDI ) since 1989, Hungary has attracted over one-third of all FDI in central and eastern Europe, including the former Soviet Union.

Egyptian president Anwar Sadat — whose policies included opening Egypt to Western investment ( Infitah ), breaking with Soviet Union to make Egypt an ally of the United States, and making peace with Israel — released Islamists from prison and welcomed home exiles in tacit exchange for political support in his struggle against leftists.

Stalin's Socialism in One Country stressed moderation and development of positive relations between the Soviet Union and other countries to increase trade and foreign investment.

Beginning with the nationalization of telephones in 1919, Soviet policy exhibited two mnain characteristics: telephones increasingly became instruments for the bureaucracy and bureaucrats, and telephones in general were accorded a low investment priority.

Most of Tajikistan's transportation system was built during the Soviet era, and since that time the system has deteriorated badly because of insufficient investment and maintenance.

With about $ 18 billion in foreign direct investment ( FDI ) since 1989, Hungary has attracted over one-third of all FDI in central and eastern Europe, including the former Soviet Union.

The rationale of the program was to squeeze the built-in inflationary pressure out of the economy so that producers would begin making sensible decisions about production, pricing and investment instead of chronically overusing resources — a problem that resulted in shortages of consumer goods in the Soviet Union in the 1980s.

The period of the most significant redevelopment of the city extended from 1971, when the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union adopted a decision " On the measures for further development of the city of Kishinev ", which secured more than one billion rubles in investment from the state budget, which continued until the independence of Moldova in 1991.

On Stalin's orders the Soviet government substantially increased investment in the project.

Much of the growth was spurred by successful national development plans which, following the steps of the Soviet Union, provided for major investment on infrastructure.

Despite the commands issuing from the Führerbunker, by April 25 the Soviets had consolidated their investment of Berlin, and leading Soviet units were probing and penetrating the S-Bahn defensive ring.

Mac receives encouragement from an unlikely source: Victor ( Christopher Rozycki ), a capitalistic Soviet fishing boat captain who periodically visits his friends in Ferness ( and checks on his investment portfolio, managed by Gordon ).

Emulating Soviet détente policy of the 1970s, Bulgaria gained Western technology, expanded cultural contacts, and attracted Western investments with the most liberal foreign investment policy in Eastern Europe.

Moscow had built up a military that consumed as much as 25 percent of the Soviet Union's gross national product at the expense of consumer goods and investment in civilian sectors.

Soviet investment in the defense sector was not driven by military necessity, but in large part by the interests of massive party and state bureaucracies dependent on the sector for their own power and privileges.

In 1971, the Council of Ministers of the USSR adopted a decision " About the measures for further development of Kishinev city " that secured more than one billion rubles of investment from the USSR budget Subsequent decisions directed enormous wealth and brought highly qualified specialists from all over the USSR to develop the Soviet republic.

At the end of the second five-year plan ( 1933 – 1937 ) Azerbaijan appeared at 3rd place in the Soviet Union by its capital investment size.

Parallel to these developments, the Soviet Union led efforts to coordinate the investment strategies of the members in the interest of a more rational pattern of regional specialization, increased productivity, and a more rapid overtaking of the capitalist economies.

As for Soviet military investment, Thorp was skeptical that the USSR was committing such large portion of its GDP: " I suspect a larger portion of Soviet investment went into housing.

The Soviet Union became the largest exporter of petroleum in the world and by the end of the Tenth Five-Year Plan ( 1976 – 1981 ) the Soviet GNP " reached about 60 % of the American level, and the net current investment was actually greater in absolute terms ".

Even though Bulgaria did not send any troops to support the German invasion of the Soviet Union, the Navy was involved in a number of skirmishes with the Soviet Black Sea Fleet, which attacked Bulgarian shipping.

Soviet defensive tactics were by now hugely improved, particularly in terms of artillery and effective use of air support.

Cambodia received Soviet technical assistance and equipment to support the maintenance of the transportation network.

During the Reagan administration, conservatives also supported the so-called " Reagan Doctrine " under which the U. S., as part of a Cold War strategy, provided military and other support to guerrilla insurgencies that were fighting governments aligned with the Soviet Union.

It had not succeeded in converting the British public to unilateralism and even after the collapse of the Soviet Union British nuclear weapons still have majority support.

Only two weeks after the agreement, the Soviets had removed the missile systems and their support equipment, loading them onto eight Soviet ships from November 5 – 9.

Chiang also used American support and military power in China against the ambitions of the Soviet Union to dominate the talks, stopping the Soviets from taking full advantage of the situation in China with the threat of American military action against the Soviets.

At the founding congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party ( the predecessor of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union ) Vladimir Lenin was able to gain enough support for the establishment of an all-powerful central organ at the next congress.

However, since the contras failed to win widespread popular support or military victories within Nicaragua, since opinion polls indicated that a majority of the U. S. public was not supportive of the contras, since the Reagan administration lost much of its support regarding its contra policy within Congress after disclosure of CIA mining of Nicaraguan ports, and since a report of the Bureau of Intelligence and Research commissioned by the State Department found Reagan's allegations about Soviet influence in Nicaragua " exaggerated ", Congress cut off all funds for the contras in 1985 by the third Boland Amendment.

Nevertheless, the case for support of the contras continued to be made in Washington, D. C. by both the Reagan administration and the Heritage Foundation, which argued that support for the contras would counter Soviet influence in Nicaragua.

The concept of clairvoyance gained some support from the US and Soviet governments both during and after the Cold War, and both governments made several attempts to harness it as an intelligence gathering tool.

On the whole, Eisenhower's support of the embryonic space program was lukewarm until the Soviet launch of Sputnik.

* 1941 – World War II: The United Kingdom declares war on Finland in support of the Soviet Union during the Continuation War.

In the early years of the Soviet Union, Esperanto was given a measure of government support, and the Soviet Esperanto Association was an officially recognized organization.

With the withdrawal of Soviet support and supplies, the Ethiopian Army's morale plummeted, and the EPLF, along with other Ethiopian rebel forces, began to advance on Ethiopian positions.

Although some EPLF cadres at one time espoused a Marxist ideology, Soviet support for Mengistu had cooled their ardor.

When Yugoslavia publicly broke with the Soviet Union, Hoxha's support base grew stronger.

The military, bureaucracy and the United States was nervous with good reasons where the support for the Soviet Union began to rise in both East and West.

In the early years of the Soviet Union, Esperanto was given a measure of government support, and an officially recognized Soviet Esperanto Association came into being.

The TSFSR dissolved in 1936 and Armenia became a constituent republic of the Soviet Union known as the Armenian SSR.

Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, beginning on 23 September 1991 the official name of the nation has been the Republic of Armenia ( Armenian: Hayastani Hanrapetut ' yun ).

The current conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh ( NK ) began in 1988 when Armenian demonstrations against Azerbaijani rule broke out in both Nagorno-Karabakh and Armenia and the Nagorno-Karabakh Supreme Soviet voted to secede from Azerbaijan and join Armenia.

In April 1991, Azerbaijani militia and Soviet forces targeted Armenian paramilitaries operating in Karabakh.

In the Soviet 1982 miniseries Niccolo Paganini the musician is portrayed by the Armenian actor Vladimir Msryan.

Other considerations of the rules of international law, particularly those prohibiting the use of force and the acquisition of territory, are also relevant in that the Soviet authorities and, subsequently, the Azerbaijani government applied use of military and paramilitary force in ethnic cleansing initiatives like Operation Ring, while the Armenian community of Nagorno-Karabakh established militia forces to resist further pogroms and defend the civilian population by repelling Azeri forces.

After the Soviets conquered these republics, the territory under Armenian control, by and large, went to Turkey ; whereas the territory under Georgian control mostly reverted to the Soviet Union after Georgia's fall in March 1921.

Yerevan became the capital of the newly formed Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic, one of the fifteen republics of the Soviet Union.

In 1965, during the commemorations of the fiftieth anniversary of the Armenian Genocide, Yerevan was the location of a demonstration, the first such demonstration in the Soviet Union, to demand recognition of the Genocide by the Soviet authorities.

* September 18 – Viktor Hambardzumyan, Soviet Armenian scientist ( d. 1996 )

** In the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic, rioting breaks out against the settlement of Armenian refugees there.

* August 12 – Viktor Hambardzumyan, Soviet Armenian scientist ( b. 1908 )

* September 21 – Hovhannes Bagramyan, Soviet Armenian military commander and Marshal of the Soviet Union ( b. 1897 )

In 1988, the Soviet Armenian studio Armenfilm produced the feature film The Thirteenth Apostle (), starring Juozas Budraitis, Donatas Banionis, Armen Dzhigarkhanyan, based on the The Martian Chronicles.

* Nairi Zarian, a Soviet Armenian poet and writer.

During the Soviet times, leader of Azerbaijan SSR tried to change demographic balance in the Nagorno Karabakh Autonomous Region ( NKAO ) by increasing the number of Azerbaijani residents through opening a university with Azerbaijani, Russian and Armenian sectors and a shoe factory, sending Azerbaijanis from other parts of Azerbaijani SSR to the NKAO.

Artem Ivanovich Mikoyan (; ) ( — December 9, 1970 ) was a Soviet aircraft designer of Armenian descent.

The Russian, Chechen, Azerbaijani, Ukrainian, Georgian, Armenian, and other former Soviet organized crime groups or " Bratvas " have many members and associates affiliated with their various sorts of organized crime but a rough number has not been estimated.

Tigran Petrosian ( Tigran Petrosyan ; Tigran Vartanovich Petrosyan ) ( June 17, 1929 – August 13, 1984 ) was a Soviet Armenian grandmaster, and World Chess Champion from 1963 to 1969.

Tigran Petrosian was born to Armenian parents on June 17, 1929 in Tiflis, Soviet Union ( now Georgia ).

Shavo Odadjian was born in Yerevan, Armenia ( then a part of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic ).