A century ago the Haiǁom people spoke a Ju dialect, probably close to ǃKung, but they now speak a divergent dialect of Nama.

# REDIRECT ǃKung people

# REDIRECT ǃKung people

* ǃKung people

The ǃKung, also spelled ǃXun, are a Bushman people living in the Kalahari Desert in Namibia, Botswana and in Angola.

Historically, the ǃKung lived in semi-permanent camps of about 10-30 people usually located around a water body.

ǃKung people also have many taboos concerning the dead, as they believe that the ghosts ( ǁgangwasi ) of the deceased would cause them injury or death.

The ǃKung consider the earth the first mother of all people in the tribe.

# REDIRECT ǃKung people

If a ǃKung man's sister is called Kxaru ( a female name ), then all women named Kxaru are his " sisters.

The ǃKung believe that all namesakes are descended from the same original namesake ancestor, and in effect they treat the status of namesake as a genealogical position, like father, mother, brother, sister, son or daughter.

The ǃKung practice shamanism in order to communicate with the spirit world, and to cure what they call Star Sickness.

The ǃKung classify everyone who bears the same name as close kinsmen as if they were relatives proper.

By the time this movie was made, the ǃKung had recently been forced into sedentary villages, and the Bushmen hired as actors were confused by the instructions to act out inaccurate exaggerations of their almost abandoned hunting and gathering life.

They speak the ǃKung language, noted for using click consonants, generally classified as part of the Khoisan language family.

To pronounce " ǃKung " one must make a click sound before the ' k ' sound, often represented in texts as an exclamation mark.

ǃKung women give birth with the earth as primary midwife ( a form of unassisted childbirth ) walking away from the village camp as far as a mile during labor and birthing the child alone, delivering it into a small leaf-lined hole dug into the warm sand.

ǃKung women often share an intimate sociability and spend many hours together discussing their lives, enjoying each other's company and children.

In the short documentary film " A Group of Women " ǃKung women rest, talk and nurse their babies while lying in the shade of a baobab tree.

" A ǃKung man may not sit too close to his sisters or tell sexual jokes in their presence, and he cannot marry them.

To the ǃKung, such customs identify " true " and not merely metaphorical kinship.

* Lee, Richard B .: Subsistence Ecology of ǃKung Bushmen ( 1965 ), PhD Dissertation, University of California, Berkeley.

* Lee, Richard B .: The ǃKung San: Men, Women and Work in a Foraging Society ( 1979 ), Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.

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