[permalink] [id link]
The Bastarnae first came into direct conflict with Rome as a result of expansion into the lower Danube region by the proconsuls ( governors ) of Macedonia in the period 75-72 BC.
from
Wikipedia
Some Related Sentences
Bastarnae and first
The Peucini branch of the Bastarnae first came into conflict with the Romans in the 1st century BC, when they resisted, ultimately unsuccessfully, Roman expansion into Moesia, the region on the southern bank of the Danube.
The Bastarnae first appear in the historical record in 179 BC, when they crossed the Danube in massive force ( probably ca.
Bastarnae and came
Meanwhile the Dardanian envoys came with reports as to the number of the Bastarnae, the size of their men, and their courage in the field. They gave information also of the treacherous practices of Perseus and the Gauls, and said that they were more afraid of him than of the Bastarnae, and therefore begged the help of the Romans.
Bastarnae and into
Map of the Roman empire and contemporary indigenous Europe in AD 125, showing the location of the Bastarnae, divided into two groups.
On the other hand, the Bastarnae maintained a separate name-identity into the late 3rd century AD, possibly implying retention of their Germanic cultural heritage, distinctive in the lower Danube, until the arrival of the Goths.
The consensus among modern scholars is that the Bastarnae were, in the 2nd century, divided into two main groups.
The Bastarnae tried to retreat into the forest but were hampered by the wagon-train carrying their women and children, as these could not move through the trees.
Trapped into fighting to save their families, the Bastarnae were routed.
Petty king Zyraxes escaped with his treasure and fled over the Danube into Scythia to seek aid from the Bastarnae.
The remaining Bastarnae of the Ukraine disappear into obscurity in the late empire.
Neither of the main ancient sources for this period, Ammianus Marcellinus and Zosimus, mention the Bastarnae in their accounts of the 4th century, possibly implying the loss of their separate identity, presumably subsumed into the neighbouring Sarmatians or Goths.
If the Bastarnae remained an identifiable group, it is highly likely that they participated in the vast Gothic-led migration, driven by Hunnic pressure, that was admitted into Moesia by emperor Valens in 376 and eventually defeated and killed Valens at Adrianople in 378.
Bastarnae and with
Counting on the Bastarnae, with whom he had forged friendly relations in earlier times, he plotted a strategy to deal with the Dardani and then to regain his lost territories in Greece and his political independence.
The Bastarnae host was still en route through Thrace, where it became embroiled in hostilities with the locals, who were unable ( or unwilling ) to provide them with sufficient food at affordable prices as they marched through.
The Bastarnae were also a target because they had recently subjugated the Triballi, whose territory lay on the southern bank of the Danube between the tributary rivers Utus ( Vit ) and Ciabrus ( Tsibritsa ), with their chief town at Oescus ( Gigen, Bulgaria ).
As expected, the Bastarnae attacked the vanguard in force, only to find themselves entangled in the full-scale pitched battle with the Romans that they had tried to avoid.
But the literary evidence for the history of this period is so thin that it cannot be excluded that the Bastarnae clashed with Rome during it.
Such numbers may have amounted to a substantial proportion, if not all, of the Peucini Bastarnae: Victor claims that the Carpi resettled in Pannonia by Diocletian at the same time, together with those previously transferred by Aurelian, amounted to the entire Carpi tribe.
* Marcus Licinius Crassus campaigns successfully in the Balkans, killing the king of the Bastarnae with his own hand, but is denied the right to dedicate the spolia opima by Octavian.
Starting with the 2nd millennium BC, it was inhabited by the Dacian tribes, such as Costoboci and Carpians, and for a period, cohabitated by the Celto-Germanic tribe of Bastarnae.
In 201 Bato of Dardania along with Pleuratus the Illyrian and Amynander king of Athamania, cooperated with Roman consul Sulpicius in his expedition against Philip V. Being always under the menace of Dardanian attacks on Macedonia, around 183 BC Philip V made an alliance with Bastarnae and invited them to settle in Polog, the region of Dardania closest to Macedonia.
In 177 BC, Dardanians sent a report to Roman Senate, accusing Perseus of Macedon for being again in alliance with Bastarnae against Dardanians, but the Roman investigating commission failed to find support for such accusations.
They migrated southwards apparently around 200 BC ( some secondary works give a more precise date of 230 BC ), along with the Bastarnae.
After a peace treaty with the Roman Empire they are recorded as living east of the Bastarnae, near the Black Sea.
In 29 BC, Crassus defeated the Bastarnae with the help of the Getic prince Rholes.
Bastarnae and Rome
Philip's son and successor Perseus, while protesting his loyalty to Rome, deployed his Bastarnae guests in winter quarters in a valley in Dardania, presumably as a prelude to a campaign against the Dardani the following summer.
Bastarnae and lower
In the mid 3rd century, the Bastarnae were part of a Gothic-led grand coalition of lower Danube tribes which inflicted immense damage on the Balkan provinces of the Roman empire in a series of massive invasions.
The Bastarnae were perhaps involved in the Dacian Wars of Domitian ( 86-88 ) and Trajan ( 101-102 and 105-106 ), since these took place in the lower Danube region and it is known that both sides were supported by neighbouring indigenous tribes.
In the late 2nd century, the Historia Augusta mentions that in the rule of Marcus Aurelius ( 161-80 ), an alliance of lower Danube tribes including the Bastarnae, the Sarmatian Roxolani and the Costoboci took advantage of the emperor's difficulties on the upper Danube ( the Marcomannic Wars ) to invade Roman territory.
Bastarnae and Danube
A branch of the Bastarnae, called the Peucini by Greco-Roman writers, occupied the region north of the Danube river delta.
A view of the Danube delta, showing the kind of swampy terrain originally inhabited by the Peucini branch of the Bastarnae.
Strabo describes the Bastarnae territory vaguely as " between the Ister ( river Danube ) and the Borysthenes ( river Dnieper )".
The presence of Roman forces in the Danube delta was seen as a major threat by all the neighbouring transdanubian peoples: the Peucini Bastarnae, the Sarmatians and, most importantly, by Burebista ( ruled 82-44 BC ), king of the Getae.
A Bastarnae host, which had crossed the Danube to assist the Histrians, promptly attacked, surrounded and massacred the Roman infantry, capturing several of their vexilla ( military standards ).
Thousands of fleeing Bastarnae perished, many asphyxiated in nearby woods by encircling fires set by the Romans, others drowned trying to swim across the Danube.
Bastarnae crossed the Danube in huge numbers and although they didn't met the Macedonians, they continued the campaign.
In addition to Scytho-Sarmatian tribes ( Roxolani, Agathyrsi ), the ancient sources attest Germanic tribes ( Bastarnae ), Celts ( Bastarnae, Taurisci, Anartes ), Thracians ( the Biessi and Thraces identified by Ptolemy between the Danube and Dniester ), and Dacians ( Tyragetae ).
Augustus aimed at subjugating the entire Balkan peninsula, and used an incursion of the Bastarnae across the Danube as a pretext to devastate the Getae and Thracians.
Bastarnae and region
The Bastarnae or Basternae () were an ancient Germanic tribe, who between 200 BC and 300 AD inhabited the region between the eastern Carpathian mountains and the Dnieper river ( corresponding to the modern Republic of Moldova and western part of southern Ukraine ).
Starting in about AD 200, the Chernyakhov culture became established in the W. Ukraine / Moldova region inhabited by the Bastarnae.
Although the Goths certainly contributed to it, so probably did other peoples of the region such as the Dacians, proto-Slavs, Carpi, and possibly the Bastarnae.
After the latter had been crushed, Philip planned to settle Bastarnae families in Dardania ( southern Kosovo / Skopje region ), to ensure that the region was permanently subdued.
In Antiquity the region was inhabited by Thracians, as well as for various shorter periods Cimmerians, Scythians, Sarmatians, and Celts, specifically by tribes such as Costoboci, Carpi, Britogali, Tyragetae, and Bastarnae.
The partly Celtic Bastarnae are also attested in this region in literature and the archaeological record during the 1st century BC ; they probably remained in the 1st century AD, according to Batty.
Numerous non-Dacian peoples, both sedentary and nomadic, the Scytho-Sarmatian Roxolani and Agathyrsi, Germanic / Celtic Bastarnae and Celtic Anartes, are attested to in the ancient sources and in the archaeological record as inhabiting this region.
The unoccupied sections of Decebal's kingdom are likely to have been inhabited predominantly by ethnic Dacians, although according to Ptolemy, the northernmost part of the kingdom ( northern Carpathians / Bukovina ) was shared by non-Dacian tribes: the Anartes and the Taurisci, who were probably Celtic, and the Germanic Bastarnae are also attested in this region.
0.855 seconds.