Konstantinos Porphyrogennetos, the fourth emperor of the Macedonian dynasty of the Byzantine Empire in the 9th century AD, referred to Asia Minor as East thema, " ανατολικόν θέμα " ( from the Greek words anatoli: east, thema: administrative division ), placing this region to the East of Byzantium, while Europe was lying to the West.

* 1261 – Michael VIII Palaiologos is crowned Byzantine emperor in Constantinople.

The Byzantine emperor Basil II narrowly escaped.

Carved in high relief from a single piece of agate, this extraordinary vase was most likely created in an imperial workshop for a Byzantine emperor.

* Alexander ( emperor ), Byzantine Emperor ( 912 – 913 )

Alexios I Komnenos, Latinized as Alexius I Comnenus (, 1056 – 15 August 1118 — note that some sources list his date of birth as 1048 ), was Byzantine emperor from 1081 to 1118, and although he was not the founder of the Komnenian dynasty, it was during his reign that the Komnenos family came to full power.

The crusader siege of Nicaea forced the city to surrender to the emperor in 1097, and the subsequent crusader victory at Dorylaion allowed the Byzantine forces to recover much of western Asia Minor.

* Raictor, a Byzantine monk who claimed to be the emperor Michael VII.

Alexios ' policy of integration of the nobility bore the fruit of continuity: every Byzantine emperor who reigned after Alexios I Komnenos was related to him by either descent or marriage.

Alexios II Komnenos or Alexius II Comnenus () ( 10 September 1169 – 24 September 1183, Constantinople ), Byzantine emperor ( 1180 – 1183 ), was the son of Emperor Manuel I Komnenos and Maria, daughter of Raymond, prince of Antioch.

* Anastasius I ( emperor ) ( 430 – 518 ), Roman ( Byzantine ) Emperor from 491 to 518

* Anastasius I ( emperor ) – Byzantine emperor 491 – 518

* Anastasios II ( died 718 ) – Byzantine emperor 713 – 715

Andronikos III Palaiologos, Latinized as Andronicus III Palaeologus (; 25 March 1297 – 15 June 1341 ) was Byzantine emperor from 1328 to 1341, after being rival emperor since 1321.

Andronikos II Palaiologos () ( 25 March 1259 – 13 February 1332 ), Latinized as Andronicus II Palaeologus, was Byzantine emperor from 1282 to 1328.

After his return to Jerusalem in 1167, Amalric married Maria Comnena, a great-grandniece of Byzantine emperor Manuel I Comnenus.

* Alexius I Comnenus ( 1048-1118 ), Byzantine emperor

* Alexius II Comnenus ( 1167-1183 ), Byzantine emperor

* Alexius III, Byzantine emperor

* Alexius IV, Byzantine emperor

* Alexius V, Byzantine emperor

* 1081 – Alexios I Komnenos is crowned Byzantine emperor at Constantinople, bringing the Komnenian dynasty to full power.

The regnal year of the emperor was also used to identify years, especially in the Byzantine Empire after 537 when Justinian required its use.

* 457 – Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire.

In that year the iconoclast Byzantine emperor Leo III, angered by archbishops of the region because they had supported Rome in the Iconoclastic Controversy, detached the church of the province from the Roman pope and placed it under the patriarch of Constantinople.

In the Byzantine Empire, iconoclasm began with Emperor Leo III.

Sometime between 726 and 730, the Byzantine Emperor Leo III the Isaurian began the iconoclast campaign.

* 750 – Leo IV the Khazar, Byzantine Emperor ( d. 780 )

* 904 – Sack of Thessalonica: Saracen raiders under Leo of Tripoli sack Thessaloniki, the Byzantine Empire's second-largest city, after a short siege, and plunder it for a week.

* 474 – Seven-year-old Leo II succeeds his maternal grandfather Leo I as Byzantine emperor.

It formed the basis of later Byzantine law, as expressed in the Basilika of Basil I and Leo VI the Wise.

In 1882 Pope Leo XIII had a Mass and an Office composed for his feast day, which he set at 14 April, the day after the day indicated as that of his death in the Martyrology of Florus ; but since this date quite often falls within the main Paschal celebrations, the feast was moved in 1968 to 1 June, the date on which he has been celebrated in the Byzantine Rite since at least the 9th century.

In 775, Leo ( son of Tzitzak ) was crowned as the sole emperor of the Byzantine Empire.

Leo III the Isaurian also known as the Syrian ( Greek: Λέων Γ ΄, Leōn III ), ( c. 685 – 18 June 741 ) was Byzantine Emperor from 717 until his death in 741.

* 474 – Leo II, Byzantine Emperor ( b. 467 )

* 473 – Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II as Caesar of the Byzantine Empire.

His defiance of the Byzantine emperor Leo III the Isaurian as a result of the iconoclastic controversy in the Eastern Empire prepared the way for a long series of revolts, schisms and civil wars that eventually led to the establishment of the temporal power of the popes.

Byzantine Emperor Leo III who sought to impose iconoclastic doctrines in the west

Upon his accession as pope, Gregory immediately appealed to the Byzantine Emperor Leo III to moderate his position on the iconoclastic controversy.

However, the major issue that presented itself during Sergius ’ pontificate was the question over the fourth marriage of the Byzantine Emperor Leo VI.

The Italian revolt of the 720s, organized and led by Pope Gregory II, was originally provoked by the attempt of the Constantinople Emperor Leo III the Isaurian to introduce a poll tax in the Italian provinces of the Byzantine Empire in 722, and set in motion the permanent separation of Italy from the Byzantine empire.

* 866 – Leo VI the Wise, Byzantine emperor ( d. 912 )

Their father was Leo, a droungarios of the Byzantine theme of Thessaloniki, and their mother was Maria, who may have been a Slav.

It met in AD 787 in Nicaea ( site of the First Council of Nicaea ; present-day İznik in Turkey ) to restore the use and veneration of icons ( or, holy images ), which had been suppressed by imperial edict inside the Byzantine Empire during the reign of Leo III ( 717 – 741 ).