Many Slovenes and Croats consequentially emigrated to Yugoslavia, while some joined the TIGR resistance organization, whose methods included more than 100 violent actions mostly against the exponents of the regime in the region ( especially in the Provinces of Trieste and Gorizia ), considered as acts of terrorism by the Italian state.

TIGR, abbreviation for Trst ( Trieste ), Istra ( Istria ), Gorica ( Gorizia ) and Reka ( Rijeka ), with the full name Revolutionary Organization of the Julian March T. I. G. R.

In September 1927, a group of Slovene liberal nationalist activists met on the Nanos Plateau above the Vipava Valley, and decided to form an insurgence organization called TIGR, an abbreviation of the names Trieste, Istria, Gorizia, Rijeka.

In the Gorizia region, the TIGR organization restrained from openly violent actions, and focused mostly on propaganda and on illegal educational, cultural and political activity among larger strata of the population.

Regarding ecclesiastical matters, after the suppression of the Patriarchate of Aquileia in 1751, the Archdiocese of Gorizia was established as its legal successor on the territory of the Habsburg Monarchy.

The ecclesiastical administration was reorganized in accordance with the new political borders ; two archdioceses were established with seats at Ljubljana and Zara, with suffragan dioceses at Gorizia, Capodistria, Šibenik, Spalato and Ragusa ( 1811 ).

After World War II, the present borders were established: most of the Slovene-inhabited areas of Gorizia and Gradisca were ceded to the Yugoslav republic of Slovenia, while the town of Gorizia and some surrounding villages were left in Italy.

The river runs past the towns of Bovec, Kobarid, Tolmin, Kanal ob Soči, Nova Gorica ( where it is crossed by the Solkan Bridge ) and Gorizia, entering the Adriatic Sea close to the Italian town of Monfalcone.

In 1866, the region became part of Italy by a referendum, with the exception of the villages of Breginj and Livek which were included in the Austrian County of Gorizia and Gradisca.

Nova Gorica, built after 1947 immediately to the east of the new border with Italy, in which the town of Gorizia remained.

Tyrol repeatedly became involved in the political and military conflicts of the Habsburgs with Milan, Venice, Switzerland and the County of Gorizia, as well as Bavaria and Swabia.

Nova Gorica, built after 1947 immediately to the east of the new border with Italy, in which the town of Gorizia remained.

The eastern part of the town of Gorizia, together with the upper Isonzo valley and the main part of Carso, were ceded to Yugoslavia in 1947, while Trieste formed the Free Territory of Trieste, only annexed back by Italy in 1954.

The Carso has geological features and phenomena such as hollows, cave networks and underground rivers, which extend inland in the provinces of Trieste and Gorizia, with an altitude ranging between 300m and 600m.

But already in the 12th century Gorizia had actually become independent and Trieste, along with other coastal towns, organized itself as a free city-state.

After the period of domination by Napoleon, which affected also Trieste and Gorizia, it again became part of the Austrian Empire and was included in the Lombard-Veneto Kingdom, while Gorizia was merged with the Illyrian Kingdom and Trieste, together with Istria, became part of the Austrian Coastal Region.

Gorizia, a short distance from Udine, enjoys a particularly milder micro-climate with its approximate annual average of.

Count Meinhard of the Bavarian Meinhardiner noble limeage, with possessions around Lienz in Tyrol, is mentioned as early as 1107 ; as a vogt of the Patriarchate of Aquileia he was enfeoffed with large estates in the former March of Friuli, including the town of Gorizia, and as early as 1127 called himself a Graf von Görz.

The borders of the county changed frequently in the following four centuries, due to frequent wars with Aquileia and other counties, but also to the subdivision of the territory in two main nuclei: one around the upper Drava near Lienz, the other centered on Gorizia itself.

Gorizia thus emerged as an important Roman Catholic religious centre: the archdiocese of Gorizia extended over a large territory extending to the Drava river to the north and the Kolpa to the east, with the dioceses of Trieste, Trento, Como and Pedena subjected to the authority of the archbishops of Gorizia.

In 1849, the County of Gorizia was included in the Austrian Littoral, along with Trieste and Istria.

The Italian Army conquered Gorizia during the Sixth Battle of the Isonzo in August 1916, with the front line moving to the eastern outskirts of the town.

After the Battle of Caporetto, the political life in Austria-Hungary resumed and Gorizia became the focus of three competing political camps: the unified Slovene nationalist parties that demanded a semi-independent Yugoslav state under the House of Habsburg, the Friulian conservatives who demanded a separate and autonomous Eastern Friuli within an Austrian confederation, and the underground Italian irredentist movement working for the unification with Italy.

Several peripherical districts of the Gorizia municipality ( Solkan, Pristava, Rožna Dolina, Kromberk, Šempeter pri Gorici, Vrtojba, Stara Gora, Ajševica, Volčja Draga, Bukovica, Vogrsko ) were handed over to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, together with the vast majority of the former Province of Gorizia.

Already at the end of the century, however, Catholic Counter Reformation gained force in Gorizia, led by the local dean Janez Tavčar, who later became bishop of Ljubljana.

# the Archbishops of Vienna, Salzburg, Prague, Olomouc ( Olmütz ), Lviv ( Lemberg ), Zadar ( Zara ) and Gorizia ( Görz ); the Bishops of Seckau, Lavant, Wrocław ( Breslau ), Trento ( Trient ), Brixen, Trieste ( Triest ), Ljubljana ( Laibach ), Hradec Králové ( Königgrätz ), Kraków ( Krakau ), Przemyśl, and Transylvania ( Siebenbürgen ); the Greek Catholic Archbishops of Făgăraş and Alba Iulia and the Archeparch of Lviv ; the Archbishop of the Armenian Catholic Church at Lviv ;

The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Gorizia, is an Archdiocese of the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic church in Italy.

In the late 10th and beginning of 11th century, primarily because of the Hungarian threat, the south-eastern border region of the German Empire was organized into so called " marks ", that became the core of the development of the historical Slovenian lands, the Carniola, the Styria and the western Goriška / Gorizia.

After 1806 he used the titles: " We, Francis the First, by the grace of God Emperor of Austria ; King of Jerusalem, Hungary, Bohemia, Dalmatia, Croatia, Slavonia, Galicia and Lodomeria ; Archduke of Austria ; Duke of Lorraine, Salzburg, Würzburg, Franconia, Styria, Carinthia and Carniola ; Grand Duke of Cracow ; Grand Prince of Transylvania ; Margrave of Moravia ; Duke of Sandomir, Masovia, Lublin, Upper and Lower Silesia, Auschwitz and Zator, Teschen and Friule ; Prince of Berchtesgaden and Mergentheim ; Princely Count of Habsburg, Gorizia and Gradisca and of the Tirol ; and Margrave of Upper and Lower Lusatia and in Istria ", President of the German Confederation.

The consolidation and formation of the historical Slovenian lands took place in a long period between 11th and 14th century being led by a number of important feudal families such as the Dukes of Spannheim, the Counts of Gorizia, the Counts of Celje and finally the House of Habsburg.

Among secular potentates the Dukes of Meran, Gorizia, Babenberg, and Zilli held possessions given to them in fief by the patriarchs of Aquileia.

At the redistribution of dioceses ( 1787 to 1791 ) not all the parishes in Carniola were included in the Diocese of Ljubljana, but this was accomplished in 1833, by taking two deaneries from the Diocese of Trieste, one from Gorizia, and one parish from the Diocese of Lavant, so as to include all the territory within the political boundaries of the crownland.

The most famous literary portrayal was written in 1938 by the Slovene writer France Bevk from Gorizia in his novel " The Vicar Martin Čedermac " ( Kaplan Martin Čedermac ).

It was said that the daughters of Barbara and Ludovico II had hunched backs, that is why Susanna and Dorothea were spurned by Galeazzo Maria Sforza, Leonhard of Gorizia postponed his marriage to Paola due to this and when they eventually married they had one stillborn child as it is thought that this deformity in her made it harder to have children.

He first married an unidentified lady, possibly a daughter of Count Meinhard I of Görz ( It: Gorizia ), before 1179, but she was dead by the end of 1186, without leaving any surviving issue.

Since Venetia has been a part of Italy except for Friuli and Eastern Veneto during Austrian occupation in World War I and under the Fascist Italian Social Republic from September 1943 to April 1945, when Belluno province and Udine – Gorizia – Trieste provinces were administrated by Nazi Germany even if they formally belonged to the Social Republic.

Sheltered from the north by a mountain ridge, Gorizia is protected from the cold Bora wind that affects most of the neighbouring areas.

In 1500, the dynasty of the Counts of Gorizia died out and their County passed to Austrian Habsburg rule, after a short occupation by the Republic of Venice in the years 1508 and 1509.

Members of the former French ruling Bourbon family, deposed by the July Revolution of 1830, also settled in the town, including the last Bourbon monarch Charles X who spent his last years in Gorizia.

Though a border city, Gorizia was not crossed by the border with Yugoslavia as often erroneously claimed.

* The most important church of Gorizia is that of St. Ignatius of Loyola, built by the Jesuits in 1680 – 1725.

The Italy-Slovenia border runs by the edge of Gorizia and Nova Gorica and there are several border crossings between the cities.

The town is easily accessible by rail and bus from Udine and by bus from Gorizia.

Gorizia, the other regional branch of the University of Trieste, in a compound belonging to the old Archbishop's Seminar, features the first and advanced degree in International and Diplomatic Studies founded by the Faculty of Political Sciences and three first-level degree: Business communication and human resource management, Economics and tourism management, Territorial policy.