The use of the abacus in Ancient Egypt is mentioned by the Greek historian Herodotus, who writes that the Egyptians manipulated the pebbles from right to left, opposite in direction to the Greek left-to-right method.

During Virgil's time Aeneas was well-known and various versions of his adventures were circulating in Rome, including Roman Antiquities by Greek historian Dionysius of Halicarnassus ( relying on Marcus Terentius Varro, Ab Urbe Condita by Livy ( probably dependent on Quintus Fabius Pictor, fl.

According to the Greek historian, he was of common origins.

Anaximenes () of Lampsacus ( c. 380 – 320 BC ) was a Greek rhetorician and historian.

* 1926 – Helene Ahrweiler, Greek historian and educator

* Claudius Aelianus, Roman teacher and historian of the 3rd century, who wrote in Greek

* Arrian, Greek historian

In the 3rd century, however, the Greek historian Dio Cassius states that the " Bastarnae are properly classed as Scythians " and " members of the Scythian race ".

The Greek historian Herodotus wrote that Xerxes sought his harem after being defeated in the Greco-Persian Wars.

( In contrast, the Greek historian Ctesias refers to a similar father-in-law / general figure named Onaphas.

The main source for the Greco-Persian Wars is the Greek historian Herodotus.

The Sicilian historian Diodorus Siculus, writing in the 1st century BC in his Bibliotheca Historica, also provides an account of the Greco-Persian wars, partially derived from the earlier Greek historian Ephorus.

Greek historian Plutarch discusses an argument between Chrysippus ( 3rd century BCE ) and Hipparchus ( 2nd century BCE ) of a rather delicate enumerative problem, which was later shown to be related to Schröder numbers.

Various History — for the most part preserved only in an abridged form — is Aelian's other well-known work, a miscellany of anecdotes and biographical sketches, lists, pithy maxims, and descriptions of natural wonders and strange local customs, in 14 books, with many surprises for the cultural historian and the mythographer, anecdotes about the famous Greek philosophers, poets, historians, and playwrights and myths instructively retold.

In antiquity, the Greek historian Herodotus mentioned that the world had been divided by unknown persons into three parts, Europe, Asia, and Libya ( Africa ), with the Nile and the River Phasis forming their boundaries — though he also states that some considered the River Don, rather than the Phasis, as the boundary between Europe and Asia.

In the 1st century BC, the Greek historian Dionysius of Halicarnassus stated that the Etruscan language was unlike any other.

She is compared with Penthesilea, mythical queen of the Amazons, by the Greek historian Nicetas Choniates ; he adds that she gained the epithet chrysopous ( golden-foot ) from the cloth of gold that decorated and fringed her robe.

The historian James Partington further thinks it likely that Greek fire was not in fact the creation of any single person, but " invented by chemists in Constantinople who had inherited the discoveries of the Alexandrian chemical school ".

An alternate name for Greek fire was " Median fire " (), and the 6th-century historian Procopius, records that crude oil, which was called naphtha ( in Greek νάφθα, naphtha, from Middle Persian نفت ( naft )) by the Persians, was known to the Greeks as " Median oil " ().

Herodotus (; Hēródotos ) was an ancient Greek historian who was born in Halicarnassus, Caria ( modern day Bodrum, Turkey ) and lived in the fifth century BC ( 484 – 425 BC ).

Herodotus ( 5th century BC ), the great Greek historian ; one of the earliest historians whose work survives.

Embedded in Greek myth, there remain fragments of quite variant tales, hinting at the rich variety of myth that once existed, city by city ; but Hesiod's retelling of the old stories became, according to the fifth-century historian Herodotus, the accepted version that linked all Hellenes.

The Greek geographer Strabo, writing ca.

The contemporary Greek geographer Strabo testifies that the Cimbri still existed as a Germanic tribe, presumably in the " Cimbric peninsula " ( since they are said to live by the North Sea and to have paid tribute to Augustus ):

Strabo, the Greek geographer, reported the practice's existence in Egypt when he visited in 25 BCE.

There is reference on a Greek papyrus from 163 BCE to the procedure being conducted on girls in Memphis, the ancient Egyptian capital, and Strabo ( c. 64 BCE – c. 23 CE ), the Greek geographer, reported it when he visited Egypt in 25 BCE.

Hipparchus of Nicaea, or more correctly Hipparchos (; c. 190 BC – c. 120 BC ), was a Greek astronomer, geographer, and mathematician of the Hellenistic period.

The 2nd-century Greek geographer Pausanias provides the greatest amount of information in the eighth book of his Description of Greece, where he discusses Lykaion ’ s mythological, historical, and physical characteristics in detail.

Strabo, a Greek historian, geographer and philosopher, in his Geography ( c. AD 24 ), wrote in detail about Moses, whom he considered to be an Egyptian who deplored the situation in his homeland, and thereby attracted many followers who respected the deity.

Pytheas of Massalia, or Latin Massilia ( Ancient Greek Πυθέας ὁ Μασσαλιώτης, 4th century BC ), was a Greek geographer and explorer from the Greek colony, Massalia ( modern day Marseilles ).

He was a mathematician, astronomer, geographer, astrologer, and poet of a single epigram in the Greek Anthology.

In the second century BC, the Greek geographer Pausanias relates the story of Lycaon, who was transformed into a wolf because he had ritually murdered a child.

* Ptolemy, Greek astronomer, astrologer and geographer

* Eratosthenes ( c. 276 – 194 BC ), Greek mathematician, geographer and astronomer

* Greek geographer Strabo publishes Geography, a work covering the world known to the Romans and Greeks at the time of Emperor Augustus – it is the only such book to survive from the ancient world.

* Strabo, Greek geographer

* Ptolemy, Greek mathematician, geographer, astronomer, and astrologer

* Pausanias, Greek historian and geographer

* Posidonius, Greek philosopher, astronomer and geographer ( 51 BC ) ( b. c. 135 BC )

The major source of materials on the Celts of Gaul was Poseidonios of Apamea, whose writings were quoted by Timagenes, Julius Caesar, the Sicilian Greek Diodorus Siculus, and the Greek geographer Strabo.

Sudovia and neighboring Galindia were two Baltic tribes or nations mentioned by the Greek geographer Ptolemy in the 2nd Century A. D. as Galindai and Soudinoi, ( Γαλίνδαι, Σουδινοί ).

* The Greek geographer Strabo of Amaseia, in Geography 16. 1 –. 6, writes: " In Babylon a settlement is set apart for the local philosophers, the Chaldaeans, as they are called, who are concerned mostly with astronomy ; but some of these, who are not approved of by the others, profess to be writers of horoscopes.