In February 2006, the Independent Monitoring Commission claimed in a report on paramilitary activity that two groups, styling themselves as Saoirse na hÉireann and Óglaigh na hÉireann, had been formed after a split in the Continuity IRA.

Members who supported the treaty formed the nucleus of the Irish National Army founded by IRA leader Michael Collins.

In 1973, after a dispute with the IRA board of directors, Kendler formed two other racquetball organizations, yet the IRA remains the sport's dominant organization, recognized by the United States Olympic Committee as the American national racquetball governing body.

Since then it has been involved in feuds with both the Provisional IRA and the Irish National Liberation Army, a radical splinter group formed in 1974.

In response to IRA actions, the British Government formed paramilitary forces to augment the RIC, the " Black and Tans " ( a nickname possibly arising from their mixture of uniforms ), and the Auxiliary Division ( generally known as the Auxiliaries or Auxies ).

Niebuhr was among the group of 51 prominent Americans who formed the International Relief Association ( IRA ) that is today known as the International Rescue Committee ( IRC ).

This greatly antagonised pro-Treaty Civil War veterans, who in response formed the quasi-fascist Blueshirts ( initially the " Army Comrades Association "), led by the former Garda Commissioner Eoin O ' Duffy to oppose the IRA.

When the IRA moved the regatta to other venues, the Mid-Hudson Rowing Association was formed to preserve rowing in the area.

A major concern was the welfare of Roman Catholics in Northern Ireland, many of whom suffered the harsh policing methods of the Ulster Special Constabulary that was formed in late 1921 to deal with the IRA there.

By mid-1922, Collins in effect laid down his responsibilities as President of the Provisional Government to become Commander-in-Chief of the National Army, a formal structured uniformed army that formed around the pro-Treaty IRA.

In November 1997 McKevitt and other IRA dissidents held a meeting in a farmhouse in Oldcastle, County Meath, and a new organisation styling itself Óglaigh na hÉireann was formed.

The Provisional Irish Republican Army ( IRA ) was formed from the old Irish Republican Army between 1969 and 1971, with the aim of achieving the reunification of Ireland.

One of her sons, Robbie McConville, was imprisoned in Long Kesh at the time of her death for Official IRA activities before defecting to the newly formed Irish National Liberation Army in 1974.

When Sinn Féin voted to recognise the Dáil of the Republic of Ireland and enter it ( if elected ) in 1986, a small group that included many of the founders of the Provisional movement broke away from Sinn Féin and the Provisional IRA and formed Republican Sinn Féin and its own small Continuity IRA.

Some of the officers of the new Irish Army led by Liam Tobin formed an association called the " Old IRA " to distinguish themselves from the anti-Treaty fighters.

Other IRA men such as Florence O ' Donoghue formed a group called the " neutral IRA ", which tried to reconcile the two factions.

One of Poughkeepsie's most notable sports events was the annual regatta of the Intercollegiate Rowing Association ( IRA ), which was held on the Hudson River from 1895 to 1949.

The Intercollegiate Rowing Association, known as the IRA, was founded by Cornell, Columbia, and Penn in 1894 and its first annual regatta was hosted on June 24, 1895.

In the United States, it is important to note that Women's Rowing is an NCAA sport, while Men's Rowing chooses to remain governed by its own regulatory body, the Intercollegiate Rowing Association ( IRA ).

The men's and lightweight women's programs compete at the Intercollegiate Rowing Association Championship Regatta ( IRA ) because the NCAA does not sanction a men's or lightweight women's national championship.

Washington sweeps the NCAA Regatta and IRA Regatta.

They soon gained a reputation for brutality, as the RIC campaign against the IRA and Sinn Féin members was stepped up and police reprisals for IRA attacks were condoned by the government.

The " Cogadh na Saoirse " medal, awarded since 1941 by the Irish government to IRA veterans of the War of Independence, bears a ribbon with two vertical stripes in black and tan.

Less than a month after his controversial instruction to the unit, Smyth was shot dead by an IRA party led by Dan " Sandow " O ' Donovan.

On 10 August Bombardier Paul Challenor became the first soldier to be killed by the Provisional IRA in Derry, when he was shot by a sniper on the Creggan estate.

The official army position, backed by the British Home Secretary the next day in the House of Commons, was that the paratroopers had reacted to gun and nail bomb attacks from suspected IRA members.

Later identified as a member of the Official IRA, this man was also photographed in the act of drawing his weapon, but was apparently not seen or targeted by the soldiers.

Evidence given by Martin McGuinness, a senior member of Sinn Féin and now the deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland, to the inquiry stated that he was second-in-command of the Derry City brigade of the Provisional IRA and was present at the march.

The GAC passed motions ( by the necessary two-thirds majority ) allowing members of the Provisional IRA to discuss and debate the taking of parliamentary seats, and the removal of the ban on members of the organisation from supporting any successful republican candidate who took their seat in Dáil Éireann.

The Provisional IRA convention delegates opposed to the change in the Constitution claimed that the convention was gerrymandered " by the creation of new IRA organisational structures for the convention, including the combinations of Sligo-Roscommon-Longford and Wicklow-Wexford-Waterford.

Maguire had also been contacted by supporters of Gerry Adams, then and now President of Sinn Féin, and a supporter of the change in the Provisional IRA constitution.

Thus, similar to the claim put forward by the Provisional IRA after its split from the Official IRA in 1969, the Continuity IRA claims to be the legitimate continuation of the ' Irish Republican Army ' or Óglaigh na hÉireann.

These changes within the military wing of the Republican Movement were accompanied by changes in the political wing and at the 1986 Sinn Féin Ard Fheis ( party conference ), which followed the IRA Convention, the party's policy of abstentionism, which forbade Sinn Féin elected representatives from taking seats in the Oireachtas, the parliament of Ireland, was dropped.

On 21 January 1994, on the 75th anniversary of the First Dáil Éireann, Continuity IRA volunteers offered a " final salute " to Tom Maguire by firing over his grave, and a public statement and a photo were published in Saoirse Irish Freedom.

Supporters of the Continuity IRA leadership claim that this resulted from an internal disagreement, which although brought to a conclusion, was followed by some people leaving the organisation anyway.

" In June 2011, Liam Kenny, a member of this breakaway Continuity IRA faction, was allegedly murdered by drug dealers at his home in Clondalkin, West Dublin.

* 1974 – The house of former British Prime Minister Edward Heath is attacked by members of the Provisional IRA.

In 1979 Mountbatten was assassinated by the Provisional Irish Republican Army ( IRA ), who planted a bomb in his yacht, the Shadow V, at Mullaghmore, County Sligo, in the Republic of Ireland.

The village was only 12 miles away from the border with Northern Ireland and near an area known to be used as a cross-border refuge by IRA members.

While the Rising and its leaders continued to be venerated by Irish republicans — including members and supporters of the Provisional IRA and the modern Sinn Féin — with murals in republican areas of Belfast and other towns celebrating the actions of Pearse and his comrades, and a number of parades held annually in remembrance of the Rising, the Irish government discontinued its annual parade in Dublin in the early 1970s, and in 1976 it took the unprecedented step of proscribing ( under the Offences against the State Act ) a 1916 commemoration ceremony at the GPO organised by Sinn Féin and the Republican commemoration Committee.

The Black and Tans were not subject to strict discipline in their early months in Ireland and as a result, their deaths at the hands of the IRA in 1920 were often repaid with arbitrary reprisals against the civilian population.

IRA members openly mounted roadblocks in front of the media, and daily clashes took place between nationalist youths and the British Army at a spot known as " aggro corner ".

Although there were many IRA men — both Official and Provisional — present at the protest, it is claimed they were all unarmed, apparently because it was anticipated that the paratroopers would attempt to " draw them out ".

He claimed McGuinness, the second-in-command of the IRA in the city at the time, and another anonymous IRA member gave him bomb parts on the morning of 30 January, the date planned for the civil rights march.

After a failed attempt to bomb Canary Wharf, a large IRA bomb exploded at South Quay on 9 February 1996.

On the same day that some of the concert footage was being filmed, an IRA bomb killed eleven people at a Remembrance Day ceremony in Enniskillen ( see Remembrance Day Bombing ).

On the day Mountbatten was assassinated the IRA ambushed and killed eighteen British Army soldiers, sixteen of them from the Parachute Regiment at Warrenpoint, County Down, in what became known as the Warrenpoint ambush.

With the advent of a Provisional IRA ceasefire and the beginning of what became known as the Peace Process during the 1990s, the official view of the Rising became more positive and in 1996 an 80th anniversary commemoration at the Garden of Remembrance in Dublin was attended by the Taoiseach and leader of Fine Gael, John Bruton.

* 1978 – The Troubles: The Provisional IRA detonates an incendiary bomb at the La Mon restaurant, near Belfast, killing 12 and seriously injuring 30.

* 1991 – The IRA explodes bombs in the early morning at Paddington station and Victoria station in London.

Fenian soldiers wearing IRA insignia fought at the Battle of Ridgeway on 2 June 1866.

As part of the ongoing strategy to take control of the IRA, Brugha proposed to Dáil Éireann on 20 August 1919 that the Volunteers were to be asked, at this next convention, to swear allegiance to the Dáil.

These men were able to issue orders and directives to IRA guerrilla units around the country and at times to send arms and organisers to specific areas.

In Munster, the IRA carried out a significant number of successful actions against British troops, for instance the ambushing and killing of 17 of 18 Auxiliaries by Tom Barry's column at Kilmicheal in West Cork in November 1920, or Liam Lynch's men killing 13 British soldiers near Millstreet early in the next year.

In Dublin, the " Squad " and elements of the IRA Dublin Brigade were amalgamated into the " Active Service Unit ", under Oscar Traynor, which tried to carry out at least three attacks on British troops a day.

The IRA of the Civil War and subsequent organisations that have used the name claim lineage from that group, which is covered in full at Irish Republican Army ( 1922 – 1969 ).

Set in Dublin, Ireland, the film tells the true-life story of the charismatic leader of a gang of thieves, Martin Cahill, at odds with both the police and the IRA.

Their report alleged a longstanding connection between the IRA and FARC-EP, mentioned at least 15 IRA members who had been traveling in and out of Colombia since 1998, and estimated that the IRA had received at least $ 2 million in drug proceeds for training FARC-EP members.