And while the nation was formerly named `` The Islamic Republic of Pakistan '', it is now simply `` The Republic of Pakistan ''.

Afghanistan ( Persian / Pashto:, Afġānistān ), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country forming part of South Asia, Central Asia, and to some extent Western Asia.

* Islamic Republic Day ( Iran )

* Article on Amir Abdur Rahman Khan on Islamic Republic Of Afghanistan (. com )

At least 162 killings in 19 countries have been linked to the senior leadership of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Following the retirement of the F-14 by the US, the weapon's only current operator is Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force.

Both the F-14 Tomcat and AIM-54 Phoenix missile continue in the service of the Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force, although the operational abilities of these aircraft and the missiles are questionable, since the US refused to supply spare parts and maintenance after the 1979 revolution ; except for a brief period during the Iran-Contra Affair.

Two F-14 Tomcats of the Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force | IRIAF, armed with different types of air-to-air missiles, including AIM-54 Phoenixes.

The Union of the Comoros, known as the Islamic Federal Republic of the Comoros until 2003, is ruled by Ahmed Abdallah Sambi.

While the CIA and MI6 and the People's Liberation Army of China financed the operation along with the Pakistan government against the Soviet Union Eventually the Soviet Union began looking for a withdrawal route and in 1988 Geneva Accords were signed between Communist-Afghanistan and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ; under the terms Soviet troops were to withdraw.

In 2005, the Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei has issued the fatwā that the production, stockpiling and use of nuclear weapons are forbidden under Islam and that Iran shall never acquire these weapons.

With the signing of the Geneva Accords, President Najibullah unsuccessfully sought to end the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan's isolation within the Islamic world and in the Non-Aligned Movement.

In the modern Islamic Republic of Iran the rahbar ( Supreme Leader, at present Ali Khamenei ) serves as head of state, above the elected ( sometimes lay ) president, who is formally the constitutional head of government.

The Islamic Republic has also maintained its hold on power in Iran in spite of the US economic sanctions, and has created or assisted like-minded Shia Islamist groups in Iraq ( SCIRI ) and Lebanon ( Hezbollah ), ( two Muslim countries that also have large Shiite populations ).

Today, antisemitic themes have become commonplace in the propaganda of Arab Islamic movements such as Hizbullah and Hamas, in the pronouncements of various agencies of the Islamic Republic of Iran, and even in the newspapers and other publications of Refah Partisi.

Islamic armies conquered part of Persia, Syria, Mesopotamia, Egypt, Armenia, and what is now the modern-day post-Soviet Republic of Azerbaijan and surrounded the Byzantine heartland ( present-day Turkey ) in a pincer movement which extended from the Mediterranean to the Caucasus and the southern shores of the Caspian.

Muhammad Yunus Nawandish was appointed as Mayor of Kabul by the President of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan in January, 2010, and governs a City of an estimated five million in population.

Israel's recognition by the Islamic Republic of Mauritania was maintained by the new regime.

The bilateral relations between the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan were fully established between 1962 and 1963.

* 1953 – The Constituent Assembly of Pakistan names the country The Islamic Republic of Pakistan.

Averroes ( Ibn Rushd ), in his treatise on Justice and Jihad and his commentary on Plato's Republic, writes that the human mind can know of the unlawfulness of killing and stealing and thus of the five maqasid or higher intents of the Islamic sharia or to protect religion, life, property, offspring, and reason.

After the Soviet withdrawal, between 1992 and 1996, he was minister of defense in the new government of the Islamic State of Afghanistan under president Burhanuddin Rabbani, and acted as its military leader in the civil war against competing militias around Kabul.

These developments gave rise to the Islamist and Islamic movement opposed to the increasing communist and Soviet influence over Afghanistan.

Category: National Islamic Movement of Afghanistan politicians

The Islamic conquest of Afghanistan ( 642 – 870 ) began in the middle of the 7th century after the Islamic conquest of Persia was completed, when Arab Muslims defeated the Sassanid Empire at the battles of Walaja, al-Qādisiyyah and Nahavand.

Out of the Samanid dynasty came the Ghaznavids, whose warriors forged the first great Islamic empire from Ghazni ( Afghanistan ) that spanned much of the Iranian plateau, Central Asia and conducted many successful raids into India.

Burhanuddin Rabbani ( Burhânuddîn Rabbânî ; 20 September 1940 – 20 September 2011 ) was President of the Islamic State of Afghanistan from 1992 to 1996.

Rabbani was also the leader of Jamiat-e Islami Afghanistan ( Islamic Society of Afghanistan ), which has close ties to Pakistan's Jamaat-e-Islami.

He served as the political head of the United Islamic Front for the Salvation of Afghanistan ( UIFSA ), an alliance of various political groups who fought against the Taliban in Afghanistan.

After the fall of the Taliban in late 2001, India strengthened ties with the Islamic republic of Afghanistan by establishing consulates in most major Afghan cities.

The Peshawar Accords created the Islamic State of Afghanistan and appointed an interim government for a transitional period.

The main forces involved during that period in Kabul, northern, central and eastern Afghanistan were the Hezb-i Islami of Gulbuddin Hekmatyar directed by Pakistan, the Hezb-i Wahdat of Abdul Ali Mazari directed by Iran, the Ittehad-i Islami of Abdul Rasul Sayyaf supported by Saudi Arabia, the Junbish-i Milli of Abdul Rashid Dostum backed by Uzbekisten, the Harakat-i Islami of Hussain Anwari and the Shura-i Nazar operating as the regular Islamic State forces ( as agreed upon in the Peshawar Accords ) under the defense ministry of Ahmad Shah Massoud.

Former Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf send more troops against the United Islamic Front for the Salvation of Afghanistan | United Front of Ahmad Shah Massoud than the Afghan Taliban.

The Taliban seized Kabul on September 27, 1996, and established the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.

In 1979 the Soviet Union deployed its 40th Army into Afghanistan, attempting to suppress an Islamic rebellion against an allied Marxist regime in the Afghan Civil War.

When the Soviet Union abandoned the Marxist Najibullah regime and withdrew from Afghanistan in 1989 ( the regime finally fell in 1992 ), the victory was seen by many Muslims as the triumph of Islamic faith over superior military power and technology that could be duplicated elsewhere.

An Islamist movement influenced by Salafism and the jihad in Afghanistan, as well as the Muslim Brotherhood, was the FIS or Front Islamique de Salut ( the Islamic Salvation Front ) in Algeria.

During the U. S. intervention in Afghanistan, he fought against the Taliban within the United Islamic Front for the Salvation of Afghanistan ( Northern Alliance ) and thus regained his position as Governor of Herat.

A Lebanese Moslem told about its existence and application in the Islamic tradition as the `` divine law '', while a C.A.I.P. member who has been working in close association with delegates of the new U.N. nations told of its widespread recognition on the African continent.

Arabic literature spans for over two millennium, it has three phases, the pre-Islamic, Islamic and modern.

Since its inception in the early 1990s, the group has carried out bombings, kidnappings, assassinations and extortion in what they describe as their fight for an independent Islamic province in the Philippines.

The nature of " being " has also been debated and explored in Islamic philosophy, notably by Ibn Sina, Suhrawardi, and Mulla Sadra.

Aside from relations with other ASEAN states, Brunei also has extensive relations with the Islamic and Arab world.

He has been quoted as stating that Comoros is not ready to become an Islamic state, nor shall the veil be forced upon any women in the Comoros.

Nicknamed " The City of a Thousand Minarets " for its preponderance of Islamic architecture, Cairo has long been a centre of the region's political and cultural life.

Change of Islamic law is not possible, but were there a concubine in the modern era, she must be given all her due rights that Islam has preserved in the past.

A passage in Muhtasar kitab al-buldan illustrates the division of Islamic society into strata: " First are the rulers, whom their deserts has placed in the foremost rank ; second are the viziers, distinguished by wisdom and understanding ; third are the wealthy upper classes, lifted by their possessions ; fourth are the middle classes who are attached to the upper three by culture ( ta ' addub ); the remainder are the lowest classes that are filthy refuse, a torrent of scum, none of whom thinks of anything but food and sleep.

In Islamic North Africa, caste system has existed in recent centuries amongst the Tuareg people.

Cairo has been a crossroads of Arab commerce and culture for millennia, and its intellectual and Islamic institutions are at the center of the region's social and cultural landmark palace.

* Although the Government of Ethiopia has allied with local clans in opposition to the Transitional National Government in the past, it currently is supporting the Transitional Government against its main rival, the Islamic Courts Union.

In Modern Standard Arabic, fiqh has come to mean jurisprudence in general, be it Islamic or secular.

In nations where Islamic law is the basis of civil law, but has not been codified, as is the case of some Arab countries in the Middle East, fatwā by the national religious leadership are debated prior to being issued.

In the majority of Arab countries, however, Islamic law has been codified in each country according to its own rules, and is interpreted by the judicial system according to the national jurisprudence.

The closest such organism is the Islamic Fiqh Academy, ( a member of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation ( OIC )), which has 57 member states.

America has done this for decades without suffering the consequences of any punishment or protests about their oppressive and prejudiced position from the Islamic world.

Islamic fundamentalism has appeared in many counties ; the Wahhabi version is promoted worldwide and financed by Saudi Arabia.

For instance, the Archbishop of Wales has criticized " atheistic fundamentalism " broadly and said " Any kind of fundamentalism, be it Biblical, atheistic or Islamic, is dangerous ".

In the United States, private or cultural intolerance of women wearing the hijab ( Islamic headcovering ) and political activism by Muslims also has been labeled " secular fundamentalism " by some Muslims in the U. S.

This work clearly contradicts the New Testament biblical accounts of Jesus and his ministry but has strong parallels with the Islamic faith, not only mentioning Muhammad by name, but including the shahadah ( chapter 39 ).