In 1115, the Jurchen Jin Dynasty emerged to prominence, annihilating the Liao Dynasty in 10 years.

The first documented battlefield use of fire lances took place in 1132 when Chen Gui used them to defend De ' an from attack by the Jurchen Jin.

It allows once " foreign " dynasties like the Mongol Yuan and the Manchu Qing as well as the Khitan Liao, Jurchen Jin to be appreciated as part of the Chinese tapestry, allegedly helping reduce the alienation of ethnic minorities living in China.

* 1215 – Zhongdu ( now Beijing ), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu.

* 1127 – Invading Jurchen soldiers from the Jin Dynasty besiege and sack Bianjing ( Kaifeng ), the capital of the Song Dynasty of China, and abduct Emperor Qinzong and others, ending the Northern Song Dynasty.

After the fall of the Northern Song dynasty, and during the reign of the Jin ( Jurchen ) and Yuan ( Mongol ) dynasties in northern China, a common speech developed based on the dialects of the North China Plain around the capital, a language referred to as Old Mandarin.

The treaty reduces the Southern Song into a quasi-tributary state of the Jurchen Jin Dynasty.

* The Jurchen Jin Dynasty in China defend Kaifeng against Mongol invaders, involving the use of rockets.

* February 9 – Song Dynasty Chinese and Mongolian armies occupy the Jurchen capital at Caizhou, marking the collapse of the Jin Dynasty ( 1115 – 1234 ).

* The Jurchen establish the Jin Dynasty of China.

* The Battle of Tangdao and Battle of Caishi, on the Yangtze river between the Jurchen Jin Dynasty and the Chinese Song Dynasty, result in two pivotal Song naval victories.

* Emperor Xizong of Jin, third ruler of the Jurchen Jin Dynasty

* Jin Dynasty ( 1115 – 1234 ) ( 金朝 ), a Jurchen kingdom in northern China

In the early 12th century the Tungusic Jurchen people, who were Liao's tributaries, overthrew the Liao and formed the Jin Dynasty ( 1115 – 1234 ), which went on to control parts of Northern China and Mongolia.

The Jurchen Jin Dynasty continually battled with the Song in the region between the Huai River and the Yellow River ; this warfare led to the dilapidation of the canal until the Mongols invaded in the 13th century and began necessary repairs.

In 1169, with China divided between the Jurchen-led Jin Dynasty in the north and the Southern Song dynasty in the south, the Chinese emperor sent a delegation to the Jurchen to wish their ruler well for the New Year.

The Jin Dynasty was founded in what would become northern Manchuria by the Jurchen tribal chieftain Wanyan Aguda ( 完顏阿骨打 ) in 1115.

In 1211 about 50, 000 Mongols on horses invaded the Jin Empire and began absorbing Khitan and Jurchen rebels.

After thirty years of struggle, the Jurchen chief Nurhaci ( 努爾哈赤 ) combined the three Jurchen tribes and founded the Later Jin Dynasty ( 1616 – 1636 ).

After Genghis Khan unified the Mongol tribes in 1206 and founded the Mongol Empire, the Tangut Western Xia empire was ultimately conquered in 1227, and the Jurchen Jin Dynasty fell in 1234.

The eastern Mongol tribes near and in Manchuria, particularly the Khorchin and Southern Khalkha in today ` s Inner Mongolia intermarried, formed alliances with, and fought against the Jurchen tribes until Nurhaci, the founder of the new Jin Dynasty, consolidated his control over all groups in the area in 1593.

The Jurchen, a subject tribe within the Liao empire, rebelled against the Liao and formed their own state, the Jin Dynasty ( 1115 – 1234 ).

This art project was a diplomatic gesture to the Jin Dynasty while he negotiated for the release of his mother from Jurchen captivity in the north.

They emerged as the major threat to the late Ming Dynasty after Nurhaci united all Jurchen tribes and established an independent state.

* Toi invasion: Jurchen pirates from the Khitan Liao Dynasty in Manchuria invade Kyūshū of Heian-era Japan.

* from Jurchen people at Qing Dynasty

The Jīn Dynasty ( Jurchen: Anchun Gurun ;, ); Manchu: Aisin Gurun ; Khitan language: Nik, Niku ; ; 1115 – 1234 ), also known as the Jurchen Dynasty or Jurched Dynasty, was founded by the Wanyan ( 完顏 Wányán ) clan of the Jurchens, the ancestors of the Manchus who established the Qing Dynasty some 500 years later.

He gained fame when in 1112, when Liao Emperor Tianzuodi ( 辽天祚帝 ) undertook a fishing expedition in Jurchen territory and decreed all the chieftains to dance for him, Aguda was the only person who refused to accept the emperor's order.

Over the next several decades, the Jurchen, took control over most of Manchuria.

Before the rise of the Mongols in the 13th century, what is now central and western Inner Mongolia, especially the Hetao region, alternated in control between Chinese agriculturalists in the south and Xiongnu, Xianbei, Khitan, Jurchen, Tujue, and other Mongol nomads of the north.

The Southern Song Dynasty which ruled southern China from 1127 to 1279 was largely co-existent with the Jurchen Jin dynasty ( 1115 – 1234 ), which had established control over northern China and its largely Chinese population.

In the early 12th century the Tungusic Jurchen people ( the ancestors of the later Manchu people ) originally lived in the forests in the eastern borderlands of the Liao Empire, and were Liao's tributaries, overthrew the Liao and formed the Jin Dynasty ( 1115 – 1234 ), which went on to control parts of Northern China and Mongolia.

Over the next several decades, the Jurchen ( later to be called Manchu ), took control over most of Manchuria, the cities of the Ming Liaodong falling to the Jurchen one after another.

The Hūlun alliance was formed by Wan ( d. 1582 ), the leader of the Hada tribal federation, which had drawn its importance from the control of commerce between the late-Ming Liaodong and Jurchen tribes to the east via Guangshun Pass ( east of Kaiyuan, which is located near the northern tip of today's Liaoning Province ).

The Southern Song Dynasty that came after abandoned all of North China, including Hebei, to the Jurchen Jin Dynasty in 1127.

Later the Southern Song Dynasty abandoned all of North China to the Jurchen Jin Dynasty ( 1115-1234 ) in 1127, including Shanxi.

The Manchus are descended from the Jurchen people who earlier established the Jin Dynasty ( 1115 – 1234 ) in China but as early as the semi-mythological chronicles of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors there is mention of the Sushen, a Tungusic people from the northern Manchurian region of North East Asia, who paid bows and arrows as tribute to Shun and later to Zhou.

The dynasty was founded by Yelü Dashi, who led the remnants of the Liao Dynasty to Central Asia after fleeing from the Jurchen conquest of their homeland in North and Northeast of modern day China.

A 2005 Korean film, Cheongun ( 천군 ; 天軍 ) or " Heaven's Soldiers ", directed by Min Joon Gi, portrayed a young Yi Sun-sin, played by Park Joong-hoon, fighting the Jurchen tribes, along with local villagers and North and South Korean soldiers who traveled in time, from 2005 to 1572, with Halley's Comet.

These Jurchen pirates lived in what is today Hamgyŏngdo, North Korea.

There was a general migration south of the various Jurchen groups around the turn of the century and the three tribes established themselves around the Tumen River ( near the modern border of China, Russia and North Korea ).

During Shizong's reign confiscated large areas of unused land and land that had been grabbed by a few large Jurchen landowners, and redistributed it to the Jurchen settlers in North China.