The Dutch followed the Portuguese to Banda but were to have a much more dominating and lasting presence.

However with the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1814 the region was handed back to the French, though a Portuguese presence remained until 1817.

Despite the presence of Portuguese troops, which grew to more than 35, 000, the PAIGC steadily expanded its influence until, by 1968, it controlled most of the country.

The Portuguese presence in Guinea was therefore largely limited to the port of Bissau.

The Portuguese presence in Guinea was not disputed by the French.

The goal of Portuguese presence was not settlement but the establishment of naval bases that would give Portugal control of the Indian Ocean.

The Portuguese presence in East Africa served the purpose of controlling trade within the Indian Ocean and securing the sea routes linking Europe to Asia.

The latter recaptured Muscat from the Portuguese in 1650 after a colonial presence on the northeastern coast of Oman dating to 1508.

Native indigenous cultures that lived within the continent of the Americas had already developed advanced civilizations that attest to thousands of years of human presence ; sophisticated engineering, irrigation, agriculture, religion and government existed before the arrival of the Spanish and the Portuguese.

By the mid 1900s, these stalls used a type of a musical horn called a charumera ( チャルメラ, from the Portuguese charamela ) to advertise their presence, a practice some vendors still retain via a loudspeaker and a looped recording.

Unlike in the USA, military style marching bands have a strong presence in Latin American countries, especially those that have strong military traditions, most importantly of Prussian, French and Portuguese origins.

Dominican friars established a presence on the island in 1556, and the territory was declared a Portuguese colony in 1702.

For four centuries the Portuguese presence was meager.

Apart from some relatively minor cultural influences, the most significant lasting effects of the Portuguese presence was the disruption and reorganisation of the Southeast Asian trade, and in eastern Indonesia — including Maluku — the introduction of Christianity.

Besides outnumbering the Portuguese presence at Goa, the Indian frigates were new ships, presenting greater displacement, equipped with modern armament and greater speed.

After its failure the Portuguese presence was confined to Malacca, and to the eastern islands.

There is a verifiable correlation between the chili pepper geographical dissemination and consumption in Asia and the presence of Portuguese traders, India and southeast Asia being obvious examples.

The constant threatening presence of a British force under Arthur Wellesley, which became the most experienced and steady force in the British army, guarded Portugal and campaigned against the French in Spain alongside the reformed Portuguese army.

* 1522-Portuguese missionaries establish presence on coast of Sri Lanka and begin moving inland in the wake of Portuguese military units

The Portuguese paid 350, 000 golden ducados to Spain and secured their presence in the islands.

It is rare for only a single Portuguese man o ' war to be found ; the discovery of one usually indicates the presence of many, as they are usually congregated by currents and winds into groups of thousands.

Attitudes to the presence of the Portuguese man o ' war vary around the world.

All of these fish benefit from the shelter from predators provided by the stinging tentacles, and for the Portuguese man o ' war the presence of these species may attract other fish to feed on.

However, since the over 500 year Portuguese presence in the country, the ethnic group has retained their position of entitlement which is highly evident in the political, economic and cultural hierarchy in present day Angola.

* 1975 – East Timor: Governor Mário Lemos Pires of Portuguese Timor abandons the capital Dili, following a coup by the Timorese Democratic Union ( UDT ) and the outbreak of civil war between UDT and Fretilin.

* 1541 – Francis Xavier leaves Lisbon on a mission to the Portuguese East Indies.

Apart from a visit by the French Parmentier brothers in 1529, for much of the 16th century the only Europeans to visit the islands were Portuguese ; British and Dutch ships began arriving at the turn of the century and the island of Ndzwani became a major supply point on the route to the East.

Acting under a charter sanctioned by the Dutch government, the Dutch East India Company ( VOC ) defeated Portuguese forces and established itself in the Moluccan Islands in order to profit from the European demand for spices.

Then, due to displeasure at what he considered un-Christian life and manners on the part of the Portuguese which impeded missionary work, he travelled from the South into East Asia.

The European powers had control of other parts of Asia by the 1900s, such as British India, French Indochina, Spanish East Indies, and Portuguese Macau and Goa.

In 1497, Portuguese navigator Vasco da Gama rounded the Cape of Good Hope and became the first European to sail to India and later the Far East.

In 1975, the Carnation Revolution in Portugal caused authorities there to announce plans for decolonisation of Portuguese Timor, the eastern half of the island of Timor whose western half was a part of the Indonesian province of East Nusa Tenggara.

However, with the rise of the rival Dutch East India Company, Portuguese influence in Asia was gradually eclipsed.

Dutch forces first established independent bases in the East ( most significantly Batavia, the heavily fortified headquarters of the Dutch East India Company ) and then between 1640 and 1660 wrestled Malacca, Ceylon, some southern Indian ports, and the lucrative Japan trade from the Portuguese.

The Portuguese spearheaded the drive to find oceanic routes that would provide cheaper and easier access to South and East Asian goods.

This chartering of oceanic routes between East and West began with the unprecedented voyages of Portuguese and Spanish sea captains.

Portuguese viceroy Afonso de Albuquerque ( 1509 – 1515 ) resolved to consolidate Portuguese holdings in Africa and Asia, and secure control of trade with the East Indies and China.

The Netherlands revolt against Spanish rule facilitated Dutch encroachment of the Portuguese monopoly over South and East Asian trade.

Gama's voyage was successful in reaching India and this permitted the Portuguese to trade with the Far East directly by sea, thus challenging older trading networks of mixed land and sea routes, such as the Spice trade routes that utilized the Persian Gulf, Red Sea and caravans to reach the eastern Mediterranean.

Portuguese rule in East Africa focused mainly on a coastal strip centred in Mombasa.

The Omani Arabs posed the most direct challenge to Portuguese influence in East Africa and besieged Portuguese fortresses, openly attacked naval vessels and expelled the remaining Portuguese from the Kenyan and Tanzanian coasts by 1730.

After the Dutch East India Company was founded in 1602, the Dutch unsuccessfully attacked Macau several times, culminating in a full scale invasion attempt in 1622, when 800 attackers were successfully repelled by 150 Macanese and Portuguese defenders.

From the beginning of the 17th century the Dutch cannibalized the Portuguese Empire in the East and, with the immense wealth gained, challenged Spanish hegemony at sea.