* 1998 – A diplomatic conference adopts the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, establishing a permanent international court to prosecute individuals for genocide, Crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression.

See e. g. European Convention on Human Rights, article 7 ( 1 ); Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, articles 22 and 23.

The term statute is also used to refer to an International treaty that establishes an institution, such as the Statute of the European Central Bank, a protocol to the international courts as well, such as the Statute of the International Court of Justice and the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court.

Article 29 of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court states that genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes " shall not be subject to any statute of limitations ".

Map of the world with the States Parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court | states parties to the International Criminal Court ( as of June 2008 ) shown in green, states that have signed but not ratified the treaty in orange, and non-parties in gray

The court can generally exercise jurisdiction only in cases where the accused is a national of a state party to the Rome Statute, the alleged crime took place on the territory of a state party, or a situation is referred to the court by the United Nations Security Council.

To implement the Rome Statute, Canada passed the Crimes Against Humanity and War Crimes Act.

Michael Byers, a University of British Columbia law professor, has argued that these laws go further than the Rome Statute, providing Canadian courts with jurisdiction over acts pre-dating the ICC and occurring in territories outside of ICC member-states ; “ as a result, anyone who is present in Canada and alleged to have committed genocide, torture [...] anywhere, at any time, can be prosecuted Canada .”

Crimes against humanity, as defined by the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court Explanatory Memorandum, " are particularly odious offenses in that they constitute a serious attack on human dignity or grave humiliation or a degradation of one or more human beings.

The International Criminal Court ( ICC ) was organized by the Rome Statute and the UN has delegated several crimes against humanity cases to the ICC.

In 2002, the International Criminal Court ( ICC ) was established in The Hague ( Netherlands ) and the Rome Statute provides for the ICC to have jurisdiction over genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes.

The Rome Statute Explanatory Memorandum states that crimes against humanity

To fall under the Rome Statute, a crime against humanity which is defined in Article 7. 1 must be " part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against any civilian population ".

" This means that an individual crime on its own, or even a number of such crimes, would not fall under the Rome Statute unless they were the result of a State policy or an organizational policy.

This inviolability was deemed incompatible with Article 27 of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court which states that official capacity shall not exempt a person from criminal responsibility under the statute.

The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court ( often referred to as the International Criminal Court Statute or the Rome Statute ) is the treaty that established the International Criminal Court ( ICC ).

Under the Rome Statute, the ICC can only investigate and prosecute the core international crimes ( genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and the crime of aggression ) in situations where states are unable or unwilling to do so themselves.

At the end of this period two pious Christians in Rome receive the revelation which leads them to seek the next Pope on the rock.

Pope Pius the Sixth, at Rome, in April, 1778, wrote the following: `` The faithful should be excited to the reading of the Holy Scriptures: For these are the most abundant sources which ought to be left open to everyone, to draw from them purity of morals and of doctrine, to eradicate errors which are so widely disseminated in these corrupt times ''.

" This title hails back to England's separation from the See of Rome, when King Henry, as supreme head of the newly independent church, took over all of the monasteries, mainly for their possessions, except for St. Benet, which he spared because the abbot and his monks possessed no wealth, and lived like simple beggars, disposing the incumbent Bishop of Norwich and seating the abbot in his place, thus the dual title still held to this day.

Hippolytus of Rome pictures the underworld ( Hades ) as a place where the righteous dead, awaiting in the bosom of Abraham their resurrection, rejoice at their future prospect, while the unrighteous are tormented at the sight of the " lake of unquenchable fire " into which they are destined to be cast.

Praetor Anicius Probus first gave him a place in the council and then in about 372 made him consular prefect or " Governor " of Liguria and Emilia, with headquarters at Milan, which was then ( beside Rome ) the second capital in Italy.

Ambracia was captured and plundered by M. Fulvius Nobilior in 189 BC, after which it was declared by Rome a " free city ", and gradually fell into insignificance.

In many parts of the world, acropoleis became the nuclei of large cities of classical antiquity, such as ancient Rome, which in more recent times grew up on the surrounding lower ground, such as modern Rome.

Alaric is most famous for his sack of Rome in 410, which marked a decisive event in the decline of the Roman Empire.

The battle which followed on April 6, 402 ( coinciding with Easter ), was a victory for Rome, though a costly one.

But even these exceptional instances show that Rome was not entirely spared the horrors which usually accompany the storming of a besieged city.

He built the last aqueduct of ancient Rome, the 22 km long Aqua Alexandrina to supply his enlargement of the Thermae of Nero which have been renamed after the emperor ( Thermae Alexandrinae ).

Algardi died in Rome within a year of completing his famous relief, which was admired by contemporaries.

Among the letters of Julian are two ( 29 and 30 ) addressed to Alypius ; one inviting him to Rome, the other thanking him for a geographical treatise, which no longer exists.

Between 1424 and 1433 he worked on the translation of the Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers by Diogenes Laërtius, which came to be widely circulated in manuscript form and was published at Rome in 1472 ( the first printed edition of the Lives ; the Greek text was printed only in 1533 ).

The union was confirmed by Pope Paul V in 1606, at which time the congregation added the name of St. Barnabas to its title, adopted new constitutions, divided its houses into four provinces, two of them, St Clement's and St Pancras's, being in Rome.

We know little more of the life of Andronicus, but he is of special interest in the history of philosophy, from the statement of Plutarch, that he published a new edition of the works of Aristotle and Theophrastus, which formerly belonged to the library of Apellicon, and were brought to Rome by Sulla with the rest of Apellicon's library in 84 BC.

Scholars have often believed that Ammianus ' work was intended for public recitation for two reasons: the overwhelming presence of accentual clausulae, which implies that it was intended to be read aloud ; and epistle 1063 of Libanius to a Marcellinus of Rome which refers to public recitations.

The work which first established his fame at Rome was Theseus Vanquishing the Minotaur, now in the collections of the Victoria & Albert Museum, in London.

" However, in Clement of Rome ministerial activity is liturgical: the undifferentiated ' presbyter-bishops ' are to " make offerings to the Lord at the right time and in the right places " something which is simply not defined by the evangelists.

In May 357 the Roman laity, which had remained faithful to Liberius, demanded that Constantius, who was on a visit to Rome, should recall Liberius.

His last group of operas, composed for Rome, exhibit a deeper poetic feeling, a broad and dignified style of melody, a strong dramatic sense, especially in accompanied recitatives, a device which he himself had been the first to use as early as 1686 ( Olimpia vendicata ) and a much more modern style of orchestration, the horns appearing for the first time, and being treated with striking effect.

Rome was founded on the ninth day of the month Pharmuthi, which was 21 April, as universally agreed.

Then a full-time planning office will be established in Rome to work with a five-member Georgia Tech research staff for development of an area planning and industrial development program.

On the occasion of a pestilence in the 430s BCE, Apollo's first temple at Rome was established in the Flaminian fields, replacing an older cult site there known as the " Apollinare ".

He reformed the Roman system of taxation, developed networks of roads with an official courier system, established a standing army, established the Praetorian Guard, created official police and fire-fighting services for Rome, and rebuilt much of the City during his reign.

In 1957, the Treaties of Rome established two new communities, and with them two new Councils: the Council of the European Atomic Energy Community ( EAEC ) and the Council of the European Economic Community ( EEC ).

He established new administrative centers in Nicomedia, Mediolanum, Antioch, and Trier, closer to the Empire's frontiers than the traditional capital at Rome had been.

But then it was already a long established practice that Rome itself was only a ceremonial capital, as the actual seat of the Imperial administration was determined by the needs of defense.

The Collegium Angelicum, established at Rome ( 1911 ) by Master Hyacinth Cormier, is open to regulars and seculars for the study of the sacred sciences.

Augustus, considered the first Roman Emperor, established his by collecting on himself offices, titles, and honours of Republican Rome that had traditionally been distributed to different people, concentrating what had been distributed power in one man.

Once he had become established in Rome, he changed his name from Castelli to Borromini, a name deriving from his mother's family and perhaps also out of regard for St Charles Borromeo

After the Roman conquest of Greece, an unofficial diglossy of Greek and Latin was established in the city of Rome and Koine Greek became a first or second language in the Roman Empire.

Ruled by Theodoric, the Ostrogoths were established in Italy, while the Vandal leader Gaiseric had sacked Rome and founded a kingdom in Africa.

Those same Goths had previously sacked Rome in 410 and established a capital in Toulouse.

According to the story, told mainly by the Roman historian Livy and the Greek historian Dionysius of Halicarnassus ( who lived in Rome at the time of the Roman Emperor Caesar Augustus ), her rape by the king's son and consequent suicide were the immediate cause of the revolution that overthrew the monarchy and established the Roman Republic.

During the process leading up to elections in October 1994, the United States served as a significant financier and member of the most important commissions established to monitor implementation of the Rome General Peace Accords.

To escape Roman aggression in 9 BC they migrated east to Bohemia, where their king Maroboduus established a powerful kingdom that Augustus perceived as a threat to Rome.

From the 6th century the title began to be used particularly of the Bishop of Rome, and in the late 11th century Pope Gregory VII issued a declaration that has been widely interpreted as stating this by then established Western convention.

However, they contend that the New Testament offers no proof that Jesus established the papacy nor even that he established Peter as the first bishop of Rome.

Gregory the Great ( c 540 – 604 ) who established medieval themes in the Church, in a painting by Carlo Saraceni, c. 1610, Rome.

Rosemary and Darroll Pardoe, authors of The Female Pope: The Mystery of Pope Joan, theorize that if a female pope did exist, a more plausible time frame is 1086 and 1108, when there were several Antipopes ; during this time the reign of the legitimate Popes Victor III, Urban II, and Paschal II was not always established in Rome, since the city was occupied by Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor, and later sacked by the Normans.

Unfortunately, Honorius had just returned to Rome when he was informed that the nobles of Benevento had overthrown and killed the rector ( or papal governor ) of the city and established a Commune.

Symmachus sent his police to occupy the Lateran, where Eulalius had established himself, and escorted him to a house outside the walls of Rome.

During the pontificate of Boniface, Mellitus, the first Bishop of London, went to Rome " to consult the pope on important matters relative to the newly established English Church ".