Albert was chosen as his successor early in 1511 in the hope that his relationship to his maternal uncle, Sigismund I the Old, Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland, would facilitate a settlement of the disputes over eastern Prussia, which had been held by the Order under Polish suzerainty since the Second Peace of Thorn ( 1466 ).

After the Section of Prussians and Polish victory over the Teutonic Order, the city became part of the autonomous province of Royal Prussia under the suzerainty of the Polish crown in the Second Peace of Thorn.

Category: Recipients of the Order of St. George of the Second Degree

The Second or " Inner " Order, the Rosae Rubeae et Aureae Crucis ( the Ruby Rose and Cross of Gold ), taught proper magic, including scrying, astral travel, and alchemy.

The Third Order was that of the " Secret Chiefs ", who were said to be highly skilled ; they supposedly directed the activities of the lower two orders by spirit communication with the Chiefs of the Second Order.

Mathers, however, is generally credited with the design of the curriculum and rituals of the Second Order, which he called the Rosae Rubae et Aureae Crucis (" Ruby Rose and Golden Cross " or the RR et AC ).

This group eventually became known as the Second Order.

In 1892, Mathers claimed a link to the Secret Chiefs had been formed and supplied rituals for the Second Order, called the Red Rose and Cross of Gold.

However, due to personality clashes with other members and absences from the center of Lodge activity in Great Britain, challenges to Mathers ' authority as leader developed among the members of the Second Order.

According to Francis King, historical evidence shows that there were " twenty three members of a flourishing Second Order under Berridge-Mathers in 1913.

; Second Order:

The Portal Grade was an " Invisible " or in-between grade separating the First Order from the Second Order.

The Circle of existing Adepts from the Second Order had to consent to allow an Aspirant to be initiated as an Adept and join the Second Order.

The Second Order was not, properly, part of the " Golden Dawn ", but a separate Order in its own right, known as the R. R.

A member of the Second Order had the power and authority to initiate aspirants to the First Order, though usually not without the permission of the Chiefs of his or her Lodge.

When The Second City opened its doors on December 16, 1959, directed by Paul Sill, his mother Viola Spolin began training new improvisers through a series of classes and exercises which became the cornerstone of modern improv training.

LaHaye and Jenkins cite the influence of Russell S. Doughten, an Iowan film-maker who directed a series of four low-budget but popular feature-length films in the 1970s and 1980s about the Rapture and Second Coming, starting with 1972's A Thief in the Night.

Second, that " the independent involvement of insurgents in Colombia's domestic drug productions, transportation, and distribution is limited … there is no evidence that the national leadership of either the FARC or the ELN has directed, as a matter of policy, that their respective organizations directly engage in independent illicit drug production, transportation, or distribution.

During the war years ( the Second Sino-Japanese war and World War II ) he directed a number of propaganda films and produced their special effects for Toho's Educational Film Research Division created by decree of the imperial government.

Since Prittwitz had already ordered the German troops to pull back via train, Ludendorff directed I Corps to alight near Deutsch-Eylau to cover the left flank of XX Corps, who had been in front of the Second Army since before the battle at Gumbinnen.

Other film versions ( which are loose adaptations as opposed to straight translations from stage to screen ) include: the 1929 The Framing of the Shrew, directed by Arvid E. Gillstrom, and starring Edward Thompson and Evelyn Preer ; the 1933 You Made Me Love You, directed by Monty Banks, and starring Stanley Lupino and Thelma Todd ; the 1938 Second Best Bed, directed by Tom Walls, and starring Jane Baxter and Walls himself ; the 1942 Italian adaptation La bisbetica domata, directed by Ferdinando Maria Poggioli, and starring Amedeo Nazzari and Lilia Silvi ; the 1943 Hungarian adaptation Makacs Kata ( Stubborn Kate ) directed by Emil Martonffy, and starring Katalin Karády and Pál Jávor ; another 1943 Hungarian adaptation, Makrancos hölgy ( Unruly Lady ), directed by Viktor Bánky, and starring Emmi Buttykay and Miklós Hajmássy ; the 1948 Mexican adaptation Cartas marcadas, directed by René Cardona, and starring Marga López and Pedro Infante ; the 1956 Spanish adaptation La fierecilla domada, directed by Antonio Román, and starring Carmen Sevilla and Alberto Closas ; the 1962 Egyptian adaptation Ah min hawaa, directed by Fatin Abdel Wahab, and starring Lobna Abdel Aziz and Rushdy Abaza ; the 1963 western McLintock !, directed by Andrew McLaglen, and starring John Wayne and Maureen O ' Hara ; the 1999 teen film 10 Things I Hate About You, directed by Gil Junger, and starring Julia Stiles as Kat Stratford ( Katherina ) and Heath Ledger as Patrick Verona ( Petruchio ); the 2003 comedy Deliver Us from Eva, directed by Gary Hardwick, and starring Gabrielle Union and LL Cool J ; and the 2010 Bollywood film Isi Life Mein, directed by Vidhi Kasliwal, and starring Akshay Oberoi and Sandeepa Dhar.

Beginning with the rubrics of the Second Prayer Book of Edward VI published in 1552, and through the 1662 Book of Common Prayer ( which prevailed for almost 300 years ), the priest is directed to stand " at the north syde of the Table.

Of all the major Second Temple sects, only the Pharisees remained, poised with teachings directed to all Jews that could replace Temple worship.

Second, the migratory fluxes became ever more important and ever more directed toward extra-European destinations.

He starred in a number of Second World War films including 49th Parallel ( 1941 ), " Pimpernel " Smith ( 1941 ), and The First of the Few ( 1942, known in the U. S. as Spitfire ), the latter two of which he also directed and co-produced.

Following his victory at the Second Battle of Bull Run ( or Second Manassas ), Confederate General Robert E. Lee directed Major General Thomas J.

Nephi, the writer of First and Second Nephi, forged the plates to keep a record of the history of his people, to write down prophecies and spiritual teachings, and make a record of Jesus Christ.

Whereas this belief was only one of many beliefs held about the World to Come in Second Temple Judaism, and was notably rejected by the Sadducees, this belief became dominant within Early Christianity and soon included an insistence on the resurrection of the flesh, against gnostic teachings that flesh was evil.

" By the spirit of Vatican II " is meant to promote the teachings and intentions attributed to the Second Vatican Council in ways not limited to literal readings of its documents, but not in contradiction to the " letter " of the Council ( cf.

Stating that " Paramahansa Yogananda was sent to the West by Jesus Christ himself " with the said intent to " restore the original Christian teachings among his followers ", in Revelations of Christ Swami Kriyananda, Yogananda's disciple and Ex-minister of the Self-Realization Fellowship, provides a distilled commentary on the life and teachings of Christ, all of which is meant to serve as an anticipatory primer to Yogananda's more philosophically nuanced treatment in The Second Coming of Christ.

The remainder of Second Nephi is a recording of their ( Jacob's and Nephi's ) teachings and prophecies.

Similarly, the Sadducees, whose teachings were so closely connected to the Temple, disappeared with the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE.

The Millerites were the followers of the teachings of William Miller who, in 1833, first shared publicly his belief in the coming Second Advent of Jesus Christ in roughly the year 1843.

According to LDS Church teachings, the true gospel will be taught in all parts of the world prior to the Second Coming.

Traditionalist Catholics are Roman Catholics who believe that there should be a restoration of many or all of the liturgical forms, public and private devotions and presentations of Catholic teachings which prevailed in the Catholic Church before the Second Vatican Council ( 1962 – 65 ).

* Acceptance of the principle of religious liberty, based on one interpretation of Second Vatican Council's decree Dignitatis Humanae, allegedly in contradiction to Pope Pius IX's teachings in Quanta Cura and the Syllabus of Errors.

* The traditionalist claim that the Second Vatican Council was pastoral is often countered by referring to Paul VI subsequently emphasising the authoritative nature of the Council's teachings.

* By declaring that the teachings of the Second Vatican Council contradict the Church's Tradition, they either repudiate the teaching of the First Vatican Council on the infallibility of even the ordinary and universal magisterium of the Pope and the bishops, or they implicitly deny that the Pope and bishops at the Second Vatican Council were truly the Pope and truly Catholic bishops.

* The Swedenborg Project A 501 ( c )( 3 ) non-profit organization incorporated in the state of Maryland for the purpose of disseminating the teachings of the Second Coming of Jesus Christ, revealed through Swedenborg.

* The Swedenborg Digital Library contains online full-text versions of books about Swedenborg and the Second Coming as well as access to the books of the Second Coming teachings that Swedenborg himself published.

highlights the teachings found in the Second Vatican Council's document Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation ( Dei Verbum ) which he says " should be taken as the authoritative climax of a long series of developments in the Church's attitude toward the Bible.

" In 1834, unable to personally comply with many of the urgent requests for information and the invitations to travel and preach that he received, Miller published a synopsis of his teachings in a 64 page tract with the lengthy title: Evidence from Scripture and History of the Second Coming of Christ, about the Year 1844: Exhibited in a Course of Lectures.

There is a Church of Scotland parish and two Catholic chapels, one of which is is part of the Diocese of Aberdeen whose bishop is in full communion with the Bishop of Rome ; the other belongs to the Society of St. Pius X which was established by the excommunicated Archbishop Lefebvre who objected to several of the teachings of Second Vatican Council.

Those teachings have been categorized as the Second Turning of the Wheel of Dharma.

Innocent II quickly convened the Second Lateran Council in 1139 and reinforced the Church's teachings against usury, clerical marriage, and other problems.

The Theravādin Dīpavaṃsa clarifies that the name Theravāda refers to the " old " teachings, making no indication that it refers to the Second Council.