* Superantigen-A class of antigens that cause non-specific activation of T-cells, resulting in polyclonal T cell activation and massive cytokine release.

If activated cytotoxic CD8 < sup >+</ sup > T cells recognize them, the T cells begin to secrete various toxins that cause the lysis or apoptosis of the infected cell.

Before the actual process of cell death is precipitated by enzymes, apoptotic signals must cause regulatory proteins to initiate the apoptosis pathway.

This step allows apoptotic signals to cause cell death, or the process to be stopped, should the cell no longer need to die.

Another extrinsic pathway for initiation identified in several toxin studies is an increase in calcium concentration within a cell caused by drug activity, which also can cause apoptosis via a calcium binding protease calpain.

# HIV enzymes deactivate anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 This does not directly cause cell death, but primes the cell for apoptosis should the appropriate signal be received.

When the chain reaction occurs in a cell, it can cause damage or death to the cell.

Some drugs cause cells to undergo apoptosis ( so-called " self-programmed cell death ").

A mild heat treatment combined with other stresses can cause cell death by apoptosis.

Some cytokines, such as Fas ligand, are used as " death " signals ; they cause target cells to undergo programmed cell death or apoptosis.

The infected bacterial cells were frozen to cause cell lysis and the release of most cellular material.

Glycoprotein growth factors regulate the proliferation and maturation of the cells that enter the blood from the marrow, and cause cells in one or more committed cell lines to proliferate and mature.

* Shaker gene mutations cause a defect in the voltage gated ion channels, slowing down the repolarization of the cell.

The cause of IC / BPS is unknown, though several theories have been put forward ( these include autoimmune theory, nerve theory, mast cell theory, leaky lining theory, infection theory and a theory of production of a toxic substance in the urine.

The chronic stimulation of these antigens also causes stress inside the muscle cell in the endoplasmic reticulum ( ER ) and this ER stress may be enough to cause a self-sustaining T cell response ( even after a virus has dissipated ).

The Kalahari is formed in a region of subsidence in the Hadley cell known as the " horse latitudes " and also its continentality, but the cause of the Namib desert is the cold Benguela current in the Atlantic ocean.

# Products of the lysis genes S, R, Rz and Rz1 cause cell lysis.

The order shown here is as found on the genome, reading in a clockwise direction ; cause the host cell to undergo lysis at high enough concentrations.

Interference with OxPhos have shown to cause cell cycle arrest suggesting that mitochondria plays a role in cell proliferation.

Errors in mitosis can either kill a cell through apoptosis or cause mutations that may lead to certain types of cancer.

The loss of carnivorous species near the top of the food chain will upset the delicate ecosystem balance and may cause dramatic increases in opportunistic species.

Premultiplied alpha has some practical advantages over normal alpha blending because premultiplied alpha blending is associative and linear interpolation gives better results, although premultiplication can cause a loss of precision and, in extreme cases, a noticeable loss of quality.

Of course, a loss of radio communications may also be the cause for a lack of response, in which case a pilot would usually squawk 7600 anyway.

The day-to-day risks are generally small because the transactions involve small differences in price, so an execution failure will generally cause a small loss ( unless the trade is very big or the price moves rapidly ).

Signs and symptoms of the depressive phase of bipolar disorder include persistent feelings of sadness, anxiety, guilt, anger, isolation, or hopelessness ; disturbances in sleep and appetite ; fatigue and loss of interest in usually enjoyable activities ; problems concentrating ; loneliness, self-loathing, apathy or indifference ; depersonalization ; loss of interest in sexual activity ; shyness or social anxiety ; irritability, chronic pain ( with or without a known cause ); lack of motivation ; and morbid suicidal ideation.

The label of " crime " and the accompanying social stigma normally confine their scope to those activities seen as injurious to the general population or to the State, including some that cause serious loss or damage to individuals.

Blood loss is usually a secondary cause of death.

Yan broke down in tears while talking of the loss of his home province of Shanxi to the Communists, and warned Li that the Nationalist cause was doomed unless Li went to Guangzhou.

Less common side-effects may include cardiac arrhythmias, blurry or double vision and / or the temporary loss of blood cells or platelets and in rare cases can cause aplastic anemia.

Some medications that kill rapidly dividing cells cause dramatic hair loss ; other medications may cause hair to thin.

Xavier's vast psionic powers enable him to manipulate the minds of others, warp perceptions to make himself seem invisible, project mental illusions, cause loss of particular memories or total amnesia, and induce pain or temporary mental and / or physical paralysis in others.

At two years, all calorie-reduced diet types cause equal weight loss irrespective of the macronutrients emphasized.

Detox diets claim to eliminate undesirable " toxins " from the human body rather than claiming to cause weight loss.

The panegyrist who refers to the loss suggests that its cause was a storm, but this might simply be the panegyrist's attempt to conceal an embarrassing military defeat.

The cause of death is commonly accepted to be a combination of sorrow for the loss of his only son in 1097, and the increasing impact of the siege on famine and living standards more generally.

Typically, experts are relied on for opinions on severity of injury, degree of insanity, cause of failure in a machine or other device, loss of earnings, care costs, and the like.

1959 saw another grand final loss to Melbourne, this time by 37 points, but the fact that the average age of the Essendon side was only 22 was seen as providing considerable cause for optimism.

The doctor carefully reviews symptoms and does a physical examination to exclude physical disorders that may contribute to or cause memory loss.

In the case of high power application it is important to avoid cavitation, caused by excessive negative pressure, as this can cause noise, a loss of power, and damage to the propeller.

A complete loss of ice on Greenland would cause a sea level rise of as much as.

Hydrocodone in particular, and the-codone family of opioids in general, have been shown to have a liability to cause long term hearing loss over periods of use, though these actual findings are quite rare.

The problem of total loss oil consumption, however, remains a cause of high hydrocarbon emissions.