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The dialects group generally into ( a ) the Western-Central-Cape York dialects, where the Western and Central Language of Torres Strait ( Kala Lagaw Ya ) has a strong influence ( an influence which is also ' over-powering ' other sub-strata influences ), ' TI ' Brokan, with a strong Malay / Indonesian-Filipino-European influence, Eastern Brokan, with a strong South Seas and Meriam Mìr influence, and Papuan, with strong influences from Kiwai, Motu and ( now ) Tok Pisin.
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dialects and group
* Dialects of the Austro-Bavarian group, which also comprises the dialects of German Bavaria
Initially, Old English was a diverse group of dialects, reflecting the varied origins of the Anglo-Saxon Kingdoms of England.
* Austro-Bavarian, a group of closely related dialects of German, spoken in parts of Bavaria, most of Austria and the Alto Adige / Südtirol
Danish, together with Swedish, derives from the East Norse dialect group, while the old Norwegian dialects before the influence of Danish and Bokmål is classified as a West Norse language together with Faroese and Icelandic.
The southern group consists of the Tartu, Mulgi, Võru ( Võro ) and Setu ( Seto ) dialects.
As a technical term, the " high " in High German is a geographical reference to the group of dialects that forms " High German " ( in the broader sense ), out of which developed standard High German ( in the narrower sense ), Yiddish and Luxembourgish.
Gaananci forms a separate group from other Western Hausa dialects, as it now falls outside the contiguous Hausa-dominant area, and is usually identified by the use of c for ky, and j for gy.
It was during the Viking invasions of the Anglo-Saxon period that Old English was influenced by contact with Norse, a group of North Germanic dialects spoken by the Vikings, who came to control a large region in the North of England known as the Danelaw.
The traditional language of the Inuit is a system of closely interrelated dialects that are not readily comprehensible from one end of the Inuit world to the other, and some people do not think of it as a single language but rather as a group of languages.
West Low German, also known as Low Saxon (, ), is a group of dialects spoken in the northwest of Germany and adjacent territories of The Netherlands and Denmark.
Some other linguists, such as Antoine Meillet, also considered Macedonian dialects as comprising an independent language group distinct from both Bulgarian and Serbian.
In Chinese linguistics, Mandarin () is a group of related varieties or dialects spoken across most of northern and southwestern China.
Because most Mandarin dialects are found in the north, the group is also referred to, particularly among Chinese speakers, as the " northern dialect ( s )" ().
This article uses the term " Mandarin " in the sense used by linguists, referring to the diverse group of Mandarin dialects spoken in northern and southwestern China, which Chinese linguists call Guānhuà.
When voicing was lost in all dialects except the Wu group, this distinction became phonemic, and the system of initials and tones was rearranged differently in each of the major groups.
The Pomeranian language is a group of dialects from the Lechitic cluster of the West Slavic languages.
The common feature of the Kociewski dialects and the Kashubian language is, for example, the partial preservation of the so called “ TarT ” group and a part of its lexis also.
Other linguists relate the Pomeranian language to the Polabian group of dialects ( forming the Pomeranian-Polabian group ).
Prakrit ( also transliterated as Pracrit ) ( Sanskrit:, Shauraseni: प ा उद, Telugu: ప ్ ర ా క ృ త, Maharashtri: प ा उअ ) is the name for a group of Middle Indo-Aryan languages, derived from dialects of Old Indo-Aryan languages.
In similar way, a diverse group of dialects appeared while the Inca Empire ruled and imposed Quechua.
Sudanese Arabs are by far the largest ethnic group in Sudan, they are almost entirely Muslims ; while the majority speak Sudanese Arabic ; some other Arab tribes speak different Arabic dialects like Awadia and Fadnia and Bani Arak tribes who speak Najdi Arabic ; Bani Hassan, Al-Ashraf, Kinanah and Rashaida who speak Hejazi Arabic.
Another distinct language group called Zaza – Gorani is also spoken by several million ethnic Kurds today and is generally also described and referred to as Kurdish, or as Kurdic languages, because of the ethnic association of the communities speaking the languages and dialects.
European scholars have maintained that Gorani is separate from Kurdish and that Kurdish is synonymous with the Kurmanji-language group, while ethnic Kurds maintain that Kurdish encompasses any of the unique languages or dialects spoken by Kurds and that are not spoken by neighboring ethnic groups.
Ladin ( ), is a language consisting of a group of dialects ( which some consider part of a unitary Rhaeto-Romance language ) spoken in the Dolomite Mountains in Northern Italy in the border regions of the provinces Trentino, South Tyrol and Belluno.
dialects and generally
National languages generally elect to address the problem of dialects by simply associating the alphabet with the national standard.
The literary language norm, which is generally based on the Eastern dialects, also has the Eastern alternating reflex of yat.
Dialects of Manding are generally considered ( among native speakers ) to be mutually intelligible – dependent on exposure or familiarity with dialects between speakers – and spoken by approximately 20 million people in the countries Burkina Faso, Senegal, Guinea Bissau, Guinea, Liberia, Côte d ' Ivoire and The Gambia.
Received Pronunciation ( RP ) is generally viewed as a 19th century development and is not reflected in North American English dialects, which are based on 18th century English.
A true International English might supplant both current American and British English as a variety of English for international communication, leaving these as local dialects, or would rise from a merger of General American and standard British English with admixture of other varieties of English and would generally replace all these varieties of English.
The exact number of known living languages will vary from 5, 000 to 10, 000, depending generally on the precision of one's definition of " language ", and in particular on how one classifies dialects.
Logo is generally known as an interpreted language, although recently there have been developed compiled Logo dialects — such as Lhogho or Liogo.
Though such differences can be noticeable, all the dialects are generally mutually intelligible, and share some mutual intelligibility with the neighbouring Campidanese dialects.
Modern German dialects generally have only or for West Germanic, but or remains heard allophonically for ‹ w ›, especially in the clusters ‹ schw ›, ‹ zw › and ‹ qu ›.
The indigenous inhabitants of East Malaysia are generally partisan and maintain culturally distinct dialects of the Malay language, in addition to their own ethnic languages.
The regional accents of Scottish English generally follow the a similar pattern to that of the dialects of Modern Scots:
In Europe, Norwegian, Swedish, Latvian, Lithuanian, Serbo-Croatian, some dialects of Slovene, and Limburgish have simple tone systems generally characterized as pitch accent.
In certain dialects of English, many verbs not normally treated as ditransitive are allowed to take a second object that shows a beneficiary, generally of an action performed for oneself.
Like most non-official and minority languages, creoles have generally been regarded as degenerate variants or dialects of their parent languages.
Because of the generally low status of the Creole peoples in the eyes of prior European colonial powers, creole languages have generally been regarded as " degenerate " languages, or at best as rudimentary " dialects " of the politically dominant parent languages.
Consequently, Scots is generally regarded as one of the ancient varieties of English, yet it has its own distinct dialects.
Despite the similarity between the two dialects, the following characteristics of Cockney pronunciation are generally not considered to be present in Estuary English:
Hence, the book is of great value to the student of the Greek dialects, while in the restoration of the text of the classical authors generally, and particularly of such writers as Aeschylus and Theocritus, who used many unusual words, its value can hardly be exaggerated.
More recent interpretations assume it refers to the dialects of south and central Scotland and Doric, a term once used to refer to Scots dialects in general, is now generally seen to refer to the Mid Northern Scots dialects spoken in the north-east of Scotland.
Paelignian and this group of inscriptions generally form a most important link in the chain of the Italic dialects, as without them the transition from Oscan to Umbrian would be completely lost.
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