The earliest film cameras were thus effectively fixed during the shot, and hence the first camera movements were the result of mounting a camera on a moving vehicle.

Used since the earliest TV broadcasts, test cards were originally physical cards at which a television camera was pointed, and such cards are still often used for calibration, alignment, and matching of cameras and camcorders.

Some of the earliest instant cameras were brought to market before Edwin Land's invention of the instant camera.

The earliest daguerreotype ( invented 1839 ) photographic cameras did not have shutters, because the lack of sensitivity of the process and the small apertures of available lenses meant that exposure times were measured in many minutes.

The earliest video cameras were those of John Logie Baird, based on the electromechanical Nipkow disk and used by the BBC in experimental broadcasts through the 1930s.

World In Action helped to pioneer the technique of using covert cameras, not just in investigative work but also in social documentary, including, from the earliest days, the treatment of gypsies, the old in care (" Ward F13 ") and poverty in England.

The earliest Mamiya Six medium-format folding camera, the 35 mm Mamiya-Sekor 1000DTL, the lightweight 35 mm Mamiya NC1000, the 6 × 6 cm medium-format C series of interchangeable-lens twin-lens reflex ( TLR ) cameras, and the press cameras of the Super / Universal series are highly valued.

This was some of the earliest experimentation with in-car cameras for Formula One.

The UK first installed cameras in the 1990s, with the earliest locations including eight rail crossings in Scotland where there was greatest demand for enforcement of traffic signals due to fatalities.

From the earliest days of the medium's existence, film cameras have been used for the acquisition of news elements and documentary footage.

The earliest armored personnel carriers ( APCs ) produced by Brazil, in the 1960s, benefited directly from some of the technology developed by Brazil's dynamic automotive industry.

The earliest and most direct kinds of observational evidence are the Hubble-type expansion seen in the redshifts of galaxies, the detailed measurements of the cosmic microwave background, the relative abundances of light elements produced by Big Bang nucleosynthesis, and today also the large scale distribution and apparent evolution of galaxies predicted to occur due to gravitational growth of structure in the standard theory.

The earliest PDP-7 implementations compiled to threaded code, and then Ritchie wrote a compiler using TMG which produced machine code.

The Sumerians produced the earliest surviving written codes.

Many of Marker's earliest films were produced by Anatole Dauman.

He produced and directed the Biograph film Judith of Bethulia ( 1914 ), one of the earliest feature films to be produced in the United States.

Diderot's earliest works included a translation of Temple Stanyan's History of Greece ( 1743 ); with two colleagues, François-Vincent Toussaint and Marc-Antoine Eidous, he produced a translation of Robert James's Medicinal Dictionary ( 1746 – 1748 ); at about the same time he published a free rendering of Shaftesbury's Inquiry Concerning Virtue and Merit ( 1745 ), with some original notes of his own.

* Quentin Matsys produced the earliest known portraits of Erasmus, including an oil painting in 1517 and a medallion in 1519.

Juniper-Flavoured Spirit Drinks-This represents the earliest class of gin, which is produced by pot distilling alcoholic grain wash and redistilling it with botanicals to extract the aromatic compounds.

The earliest screen success for Hamlet was Sarah Bernhardt's five-minute film of the fencing scene, produced in 1900.

Evidence for the earliest Chinese inks, similar to modern inksticks, is around 256 BC in the end of the Warring States Period and produced from soot and animal glue.

In China, bronze mirrors were manufactured from around 2000 BC, some of the earliest bronze and copper examples being produced by the Qijia culture.

In the 15th century Ptolemy's Geographia began to be printed with engraved maps ; the earliest printed edition with engraved maps was produced in Bologna in 1477, followed quickly by a Roman edition in 1478 ( Campbell, 1987 ).

The earliest example of a revolver is a revolving arquebus, produced by

The earliest known depiction of a Siberian shaman, produced by the Dutch explorer Nicolaes Witsen, who authored an account of his travels among Samoyedic-and Tungusic-speaking peoples in 1692.

Because the earliest tarot cards were hand-painted, the number of the decks produced is thought to have been rather small, and it was only after the invention of the printing press that mass production of cards became possible.

* date unknown – Jack Broughton, English bare-knuckle fighter who produced the earliest known rules of boxing ( d. 1789 )

* 1278 – The earliest known written copy of the Avesta, a collection of ancient sacred Persian Zoroastrian texts previously passed down orally, is produced.

From a very early date, British coins have been inscribed with the name of the ruler of the kingdom in which they were produced, and a longer or shorter title, always in Latin ; among the earliest distinctive English coins are the silver pennies of Offa of Mercia, which were inscribed with the legend " King Offa ".

The earliest Bessemer converters produced steel for £ 7 a long ton, although it initially sold for around £ 40 a ton.

The fact that an electromagnetic pulse is produced by a nuclear explosion was known since the earliest days of nuclear weapons testing.

* The earliest known written copy of the Avesta, a collection of ancient sacred Persian Zoroastrian texts previously passed down orally, is produced.

Around the time of the release of Texasville, Bogdanovich also revisited his earliest success, The Last Picture Show, and produced a slightly modified director's cut.

In the 1960s the BBC produced the earliest of Richard Waring's domestic comedies, Marriage Lines ( 1961 – 66 ), with Richard Briers and Prunella Scales, and a then-rare workplace comedy with The Rag Trade ( 1961 – 63, 1977 – 78 ).

Such an analysis speedily reveals why the middle number of the Lo Shu, 5, was so vitally significant for the Chinese ever since the earliest hints that they had a knowledge of this diagram.

The earliest " year names ", whereby each year of a king's reign was named after a significant event performed by that king, date from the reign of Sargon the Great.

It is also the earliest recorded and earliest written language of the Mon – Khmer family, predating Mon and by a significant margin Vietnamese.

As one of the earliest of the Church fathers whose works have survived, he is the subject of a significant amount of recent academic work, mainly focusing on the relationship between his thought and non-Christian philosophy and his influence on Origen.

Apart from jewelry, from earliest antiquity until the 19th century engraved gems and hardstone carvings such as cups were major luxury art forms ; the carvings of Carl Fabergé were the last significant works in this tradition.

The earliest significant usage of the term ( as applied to music ) was by Joy Division's producer, Tony Wilson on 15 September 1979 in an interview for the BBC TV program's Something Else: Wilson described Joy Division as " Gothic " compared to the pop mainstream, right before a live performance of the band.

The earliest comprehensive work in hadith studies was Abu Muhammad al-Ramahurmuzi's al-Muhaddith al-Fasil, while another significant work was al-Hakim al-Naysaburi's Ma ‘ rifat ‘ ulum al-hadith.

Legumes have been significant crops in Korean history and cuisine according to earliest preserved legumes found in archaeological sites in Korea.

Cryptography historian David Kahn titles him the " Father of Western Cryptography ", pointing to three significant advances in the field which can be attributed to Alberti: " the earliest Western exposition of cryptanalysis, the invention of polyalphabetic substitution, and the invention of enciphered code " ().

Although worker's councils were politically significant in the earliest stages of the Soviet Union, they soon lost their power and significance as political power was concentrated in the hands of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union ( CPSU ).

The earliest term by which these narratives were known, “ urban belief tales ,” highlights what was then thought to be a key property: they were held, by their tellers, to be true accounts, and the device of the FOAF was a spurious but significant effort at authentication.

" The earliest drafts contain significant personal references, but these were later excised.

The date of Friday December 13 20: 45: 52 1901 is significant for modern computers because it is the earliest date representable with a signed 32-bit integer on systems that reference time in seconds since the Unix epoch.

* July 19, 64: Great Fire of Rome, first Roman mass Persecution of Christians, earliest significant recognition of Christians in Rome.

In the earliest significant source on van Eyck, a 1454 biography in Genoese humanist Bartolomeo Facio's De viris illustribus, Jan van Eyck is named " the leading painter " of his day.

The oldest significant astronomical text that we possess is Tablet 63 of ' Enūma Anu Enlil ', the Venus tablet of Ammi-saduqa, which lists the first and last visible risings of Venus over a period of about 21 years and is the earliest evidence that the phenomena of a planet were recognized as periodic.

The site is significant because the inhabitants of Abu Hureyra started out as hunter-gatherers but gradually transitioned to farming, making them the earliest known farmers in the world.

A few varieties of the earliest " kit cars " have been vehicles that use the dune buggy philosophy of substituting significant amounts of a car with custom parts to resemble production, modified, or prototype cars.

He was also the first important bass clarinet soloist in jazz, and among the earliest significant flute soloists.

However, the extent of the finds was not particularly significant and was insufficient to draw any certain conclusions about the precise nature or scale of this earliest known phase of occupation.

It is historically significant as the first Kinetoscope film shown in public exhibition on May 9, 1893 and is the earliest known example of actors performing a role in a film.

The autobiographies of Frederick Douglass can be considered among the earliest significant English-language works in this genre.

It is the most complete Assyrian obelisk yet discovered, and is historically significant because it displays the earliest ancient depiction of an Israelite.