Thus, while it remains possible that the Babylonians and/or the Pythagoreans may perhaps have had the magic square of three before the Chinese did, more definite evidence will have to turn up from the Middle East or the Classical World before China can lose her claim to the earliest known magic square by more than a thousand years.

The earliest archaeological evidence for the use of the Greek abacus dates to the 5th century BC.

The earliest Mongolic language of which we have written evidence is known as Middle Mongol.

The Chāndogya Upaniṣad, dated to the 8th or 7th century BCE, one of the oldest Upanishads, has the earliest evidence for the use of the word ahimsa in the sense familiar in Hinduism ( a code of conduct ).

The earliest evidence of settlements in the area of today's Berlin are a wooden beam dated from approximately 1192 and leftovers of wooden houseparts dated to 1174 found in a 2012 digging in Berlin Mitte.

He argued that the term bretwalda " falls into line with the other evidence which points to the Germanic origin of the earliest English institutions ".

There is little evidence regarding the absolute earliest instant of the expansion.

The earliest and most direct kinds of observational evidence are the Hubble-type expansion seen in the redshifts of galaxies, the detailed measurements of the cosmic microwave background, the relative abundances of light elements produced by Big Bang nucleosynthesis, and today also the large scale distribution and apparent evolution of galaxies predicted to occur due to gravitational growth of structure in the standard theory.

The earliest evidence for fist fighting with any kind of gloves can be found on Minoan Crete ( c. 1500 – 900 BC ), and on Sardinia, if we consider the boxing statues of Prama mountains ( c. 2000 – 1000 BC ).

The earlier date, first proposed in modern times by John Robinson in a closely argued chapter of " Redating the New Testament " ( 1976 ), relies on the book's internal evidence, given that no external testimony exists earlier than that of Irenaeus, noted above, and the earliest extant manuscript evidence of Revelation ( P98 ) is likewise dated no earlier than the late 2nd century.

One of the earliest evidence of Hindu influence in Southeast Asia were stone pillars which bear inscriptions in the Pallava script found in Kutai along the Mahakam River in East Kalimantan, dating to around the second half of the 300s AD.

" The Acts of the Scilitan Martyrs ", one of the earliest texts which offer evidence of the development of " the Bible ", indicates that the leader of the Scilitan Martyrs possessed a " capsa ", or container for scroll-form books ( volumen, pl.

This then is our earliest evidence of monks praying the Psalms as the main part of their daily scripted and Scriptural prayer regimen: the Desert Fathers.

Traditionally, the extinct family Viverravidae ( viverravids ) had been thought to be the earliest carnivorans, with fossil records first appearing in the Paleocene of North America about 60 mya, but recently described evidence from cranial morphology now places them outside the order Carnivora.

Excavations in modern-day Iraq by Ernest de Sarzec in 1877 found evidence of the earliest known code of justice, issued by the Sumerian king Urukagina of Lagash ca 2300 BC.

Skeat “… in at least three cases and probably in all, in the form of codices " and he theorized that this form of notebook was invented in Rome and then “… must have spread rapidly to the Near East …” In his discussion of one of the earliest pagan parchment codices to survive from Oxyrhynchus in Egypt, Eric Turner seems to challenge Skeat ’ s notion when stating “… its mere existence is evidence that this book form had a prehistory ” and that “ early experiments with this book form may well have taken place outside of Egypt .” Early codices of parchment or papyrus appear to have been widely used as personal notebooks, for instance in recording copies of letters sent ( Cicero Fam.

Although the castrato ( or musico ) predates opera, there is some evidence that castrati had parts in the earliest operas.

The earliest evidence for acupuncture in this sense dates to the second or first century BCE.

The earliest inhabitants of the islands were probably Arabs and Africans, the latter probably Bantu-speaking ; the earliest evidence of settlement of the islands dates from the eighth century.

Other regions of the world, including India and China, also have early evidence of water clocks, but the earliest dates are less certain.

These provide some of the earliest evidence for Irish knowledge of Latin.

Sometimes the Doric order is considered the earliest order, but there is no evidence to support this.

The earliest textual evidence of the handheld crossbow used in battle dates to the 4th century BC.

In any case `` here in their judgment conditions require '' ( italics added ) they would `` form interim governmental authorities broadly representative of all democratic elements in the population and pledged to the earliest possible establishment through free elections of governments responsive to the will of the people ''.

Throughout European history, philosophers such as Aristotle and Thomas Aquinas, among others, contemplated the possibility that souls exist in animals, plants, and people ; however, the currently accepted definition of animism was only developed in the 19th century by Sir Edward Tylor, who created it as " one of anthropology's earliest concepts, if not the first ".

Those who favour the later date appeal to the earliest external testimony, that of the Christian father Irenaeus ( c. 150-202 ), who wrote that he received his information from people who knew John personally.

China was the earliest country to cultivate and drink tea which is enjoyed by people from all social classes.

Evidence for the fire hypothesis is the sudden increase in widespread ash deposits at the time that people arrived in Australia, as well as land-management and hunting practices of modern Aboriginal people as recorded by the earliest European settlers before Aboriginal society was devastated by European contact and disease.

The earliest people were hunter-gathers and fisherman.

These appear to be the earliest people to cultivate maize in this part of South America.

The earliest inhabitants of most of the land area that makes up today's Finland and Scandinavia were in all likehood hunter-gatherers whose closest successors in modern terms would probably be the Sami people ( formerly known as the Lapps ).

Alice Miller claims that " many people suffer all their lives from this oppressive feeling of guilt, the sense of not having lived up to their parents ' expectations .... no argument can overcome these guilt feelings, for they have their beginnings in life's earliest period, and from that they derive their intensity.

The adjective derived from this noun, * þiudiskaz, " popular ", was later used with reference to the language of the people in contrast to the Latin language ( earliest recorded example 786 ).

Some people credit the band Bauhaus ' first single " Bela Lugosi's Dead ", released August 1979, with the start of the goth subculture, though many prior art house movements influenced gothic fashion and style, the illustrations and paintings of Swiss artist, H. R. Giger being one of the earliest.

The earliest appearance of anatomically modern people in Europe has been dated to 35, 000 BC, usually referred to as the Cro-Magnon man.

Nazi racial policies, including the notion that people who were racially inferior had no right to live, date back to the earliest days of the party ; Hitler discusses this in Mein Kampf.

* Abendana, Jacob in The Jewish encyclopedia: a descriptive record of the history, religion, literature, and customs of the Jewish people from the earliest times to the present day, New York ; London: Funk & Wagnalls Company, 1901 – 06, volume 1, p 53.

The earliest Laos legal document ( and the earliest sociological evidence about the existence of the Lao people ) is known as " the laws of Khun Borom " ( also spelled " Khun Bulom "), still preserved in manuscript form .< ref >

Within the space of these tendencies there has developed a coherent critique of " orthodox Marxism " that includes not only a rejection of the concept of " the transition " but a reconceptualization of the process of transcending capitalism that has remarkable similarities to ( Peter ) Kropotkin's thinking on this subject ... Thus one of the earliest political tendencies within which this approach appeared after the Russian revolution of 1917 was that of " Council Communism " which saw the " workers councils " in Germany ( see Bavarian Soviet Republic ), or the soviets in Russia, as new organizational forms constructed by the people.

The earliest of these empires was the Ghana Empire, which was dominated by the Soninke, a Mande-speaking people.

The earliest farming in the area was developed by semi-nomadic people using plants such as wheat and barley and animals such as sheep, goats and cattle.

The earliest inhabitants of the region comprising present-day Congo were the Bambuti people.

Arwad has been cited as one of the earliest known examples of a republic, in which the people, rather than a monarch, are described as sovereign.

The earliest written evidence of people living in the territory of the present-day Romania comes from Herodotus in book IV of his Histories written c. 440 BCE.

His statement that deaf people can be taught a language is one of the earliest positive statements about deafness on record ( Gannon, 1981 ).

It has a connection with Thieves ' cant, and the earliest attested use ( 1756 ) refers to the vocabulary of " low or disreputable " people.