This is a history of Spain from the earliest times down to 1456, and was printed at Granada in 1545, and also in the Rerum Hispanicarum Scriptores aliquot, by R. Bel ( Frankfort, 1579 ).

The two oldest printed Chinese calendars are dated 877 and 882 ; they were found at the Buddhist pilgrimage site of Dunhuang ; Patricia Ebrey writes that it is no surprise that some of the earliest printed items were calendars, since the Chinese found it necessary to calculate and mark which days were auspicious and which were not.

Amongst the earliest books to be printed were magical texts ; the nóminas were one example of this, consisting of prayers to the saints used as talismans.

A Buddhist scripture printed in 868 is the earliest known printed book.

The very earliest published work on growing terrestrial plants without soil was the 1627 book Sylva Sylvarum by Francis Bacon, printed a year after his death.

Today there is a large antique market for the earliest printed objects.

Perhaps as a result of this, and the fact that Le Morte D ' Arthur was one of the earliest printed books in England, published by William Caxton in 1485, most later Arthurian works are derivative of Malory's.

The earliest printed documents in Kashubian date from the end of the 16th century.

The earliest printed book from the Netherlands that has been dated with any certainty is from 1473.

The earliest printed edition of the Mishnah was published in Naples (" the Napoli edition ").

In the 15th century Ptolemy's Geographia began to be printed with engraved maps ; the earliest printed edition with engraved maps was produced in Bologna in 1477, followed quickly by a Roman edition in 1478 ( Campbell, 1987 ).

The earliest printed dance manuals come from late 16th century France and Italy.

The earliest dance manual printed in England did not appear until 1651.

An emphasis on oral transmission as more important than the printed word derives from the earliest period of Indian Buddhism, when it allowed teachings to be kept from those who should not hear them.

* 1774: earliest known printed publication of the lyrics together with the music in volume two of " Recueil de Romances " by M. D. L.

* The Diamond Sūtra, a woodblock printed Buddhist scripture dated 868, is discovered by Aurel Stein in the Mogao Caves in China ; it is " the earliest complete survival of a dated printed book ".

* Elia Levita's chivalric romance, the Bovo-Bukh, is first printed, the earliest published secular work in Yiddish.

* 1814 – Calcutta I, the earliest existing Arabic printed version, is published by the British East India Company.

The earliest surviving edition was printed in 1592 ; the full title being, The Spanish Tragedie, Containing the lamentable end of Don Horatio, and Bel-imperia: with the pittifull death of olde Hieronimo.

The earliest surviving woodblock printed fragments are from China and are of silk printed with flowers in three colours from the Han Dynasty ( before 220 A. D .), and the earliest example of woodblock printing on paper appeared in the mid-seventh century in China.

This discovery has shed much light on the differences between the two versions ; while it was previously maintained that the Greek Septuagint ( the version used by the earliest Christians ) was only a poor translation, professor Emanuel Tov, senior editor of the Dead Sea Scrolls ' publication, wrote that the Masoretic edition either represents a substantial rewriting of the original Hebrew, or there had previously been two different versions of the text.

There is no mention of Euclid in the earliest remaining copies of the Elements, and most of the copies say they are " from the edition of Theon " or the " lectures of Theon ", while the text considered to be primary, held by the Vatican, mentions no author.

" The earliest known publication of the definition was in the February 1986 edition of the now-discontinued GNU's Bulletin publication of FSF.

The earliest authorized edition of the Lewis and Clark journals reside in the Maureen and Mike Mansfield Library at the University of Montana.

Duchesne incorporates the Annales Romani ( 1044 – 1187 ) into his edition of the Liber Pontificalis, which otherwise relies on the two earliest known recissions of the work ( 530 and 687 ).

However, A. R. Braunmuller in the New Cambridge edition finds the 1605 – 6 arguments inconclusive, and argues only for an earliest date of 1603.

Michael Neill, editor of the Oxford Shakespeare edition, notes that the earliest critical references to Othello's colour, ( Thomas Rymer's 1693 critique of the play, and the 1709 engraving in Nicholas Rowe's edition of Shakespeare ), assume him to be Sub-Saharan, while the earliest known North African interpretation was not until Edmund Kean's production of 1814.

In the case of Macbeth, mainstream scholar A. R. Braunmuller, in the New Cambridge edition, finds the post-1605 arguments for the play inconclusive, and argues only for an earliest date of 1603.

Leonard Cox's The Art or Crafte of Rhetoryke ( c. 1524-1530 ; second edition published in 1532 ) is considered to be the earliest text on rhetorics in English ; it was, for the most part, a translation of the work of Philipp Melanchthon.

" Or, as the author of the eleventh edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica article noted, " To the topographer, as to the genealogist, its evidence is of primary importance, as it not only contains the earliest survey of each township or manor, but affords, in the majority of cases, a clue to its subsequent descent.

This is the earliest edition which was translated by Guṇabhadra in 443 CE, and divided into four fascicles.

: The first edition was very close to the second Bomberg edition, but with variants added from a number of manuscripts and all of the earliest printed editions, collated with far more care than the work of Kennicott ; he did all the work himself.

* 1904 Facsimile of earliest American compilation, John Newberry's Mother Goose's Melody, 1791 edition

The earliest critical edition is that of Jakob Gronovius ( Leyden, 1706 ).

The earliest Boy Scout Handbook to include the taut-line hitch was the 5th edition, published in 1948.

The library also includes six rare editions of the Divina Commedia ; the first of these, the Brescia edition of 1487, is the library's earliest book.

The earliest Greek word for a statue is " delight " ( άγαλμα: agalma ), and the sculptors tried to create forms which would inspire such guiding vision.

The earliest archaeological evidence for the use of the Greek abacus dates to the 5th century BC.

The earliest known alphabet in the wider sense is the Wadi el-Hol script, believed to be an abjad, which through its successor Phoenician is the ancestor of modern alphabets, including Arabic, Greek, Latin ( via the Old Italic alphabet ), Cyrillic ( via the Greek alphabet ) and Hebrew ( via Aramaic ).

The earliest attested name is the Hittite Assuwa a region in central-western Anatolia which seems to be connected with the Mycenean Greek epithet a-si-wi-ja in Linear B inscriptions found at Pylos.

The earliest attested form of the name is the Mycenaean Greek feminine noun a-re-ka-sa-da-ra ( transliterated as Alexandra ), written in Linear B syllabic script.

" The earliest attested form of the name is the Mycenaean Greek a-re, written in Linear B syllabic script.

The earliest attested form of the name is the Mycenaean Greek a-re-ka-sa-da-ra, written in Linear B syllabic script.

While connection with Anatolian names has been suggested, the earliest attested forms of the name Artemis are the Mycenaean Greek a-te-mi-to and a-ti-mi-te, written in Linear B at Pylos.

The earliest known settlement at this location was the Ancient Greek city of Cius, which Philip V of Macedon granted to Prusias, the King of Bithynia, in 202 BC.

" The earliest known use of the Greek word symphonia, dates back to Pythagoras, born in the 6th century BCE, who has used the term.

" The earliest known use of the Greek word symphonia, dates back to Pythagoras, born in the 6th century BCE, who has used the term.

The earliest bestiary in the form in which it was later popularized was an anonymous 2nd century Greek volume called the Physiologus, which itself summarized ancient knowledge and wisdom about animals in the writings of classical authors such as Aristotle's Historia Animalium and various works by Herodotus, Pliny the Elder, Solinus, Aelian and other naturalists.

The earliest attested form of the word κύμινον ( kuminon ) is the Mycenaean Greek ku-mi-no, written in Linear B syllabic script.

The earliest mention of the root " ceram -" is the Mycenaean Greek ke-ra-me-we, " workers of ceramics ", written in Linear b syllabic script.

The earliest attested form of the word is the Mycenaean Greek se-ri-no, written in Linear B syllabic script.

The earliest recorded use of the terms Christianity ( Greek ) and Catholic ( Greek ), dates to this period, the 2nd century, attributed to Ignatius of Antioch c. 107.

The earliest reasonably reliable date for the crossbow in the Greek world is from the 5th century BC.

The earliest attested form of Demeter's name is Da-ma-te, written in Linear B ( Mycenean Greek ).

The Greek scholar Heron of Alexandria created the earliest known automatic door in the 1st century CE during the era of Roman Egypt.

The earliest attested form of the word is the Mycenaean Greek e-re-pa-to, written in Linear B syllabic script.

* Optics is the earliest surviving Greek treatise on perspective.

Eucharist: the Greek noun εὐχαριστία ( eucharistia ), meaning " thanksgiving ", is not used in the New Testament as a name for the rite ; however, the related verb is found in New Testament texts concerning the Last Supper, including the earliest: