Nobel filed his first patent, for a gas meter, in 1857.

Nobel demonstrated his explosive for the first time that year, at a quarry in Redhill, Surrey, England.

The Nobel Prize winning novelist Patrick White named his 1955 novel The Tree of Man also after a line in " On Wenlock Edge " and Arthur C. Clarke's first novel, Against the Fall of Night, is taken from a work in Housman's More Poems.

In 1998, Nobel laureate Toni Morrison called Clinton " the first Black president ", saying, " Clinton displays almost every trope of blackness: single-parent household, born poor, working-class, saxophone-playing, McDonald's-and-junk-food-loving boy from Arkansas ".

* Willem Einthoven ( 1860 – 1927 ), a physiologist who built the first practical ECG and won the 1924 Nobel prize in medicine

Dynamite was invented by Alfred Nobel and was the first safely manageable explosive stronger than black powder.

* 1901 – The first Nobel Prizes are awarded.

* 1906 – U. S. President Theodore Roosevelt wins the Nobel Peace Prize, becoming the first American to win a Nobel Prize.

* 1909 – Selma Lagerlöf became the first female writer to win the Nobel Prize in Literature " in appreciation of the lofty idealism, vivid imagination and spiritual perception that characterize her writings ".

Arne Tiselius developed the first sophisticated electrophoretic apparatus in 1937 and some years later he was awarded the 1948 Nobel Prize for his work in protein electrophoresis.

It was discovered in the debris of the first hydrogen bomb explosion in 1952, and named after Nobel laureate Enrico Fermi, one of the pioneers of nuclear physics.

In the words of Nobel Prize winner Robert E. Lucas, Jr., " For the first time in history, the living standards of the masses of ordinary people have begun to undergo sustained growth ...

The scheme is named for its inventor, Nobel Prize-winning American physicist Richard Feynman, and was first introduced in 1948.

In presenting the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1934, Professor I. Holmgren of the Nobel committee observed that " Of the three prize winners, it was Whipple who first occupied himself with the investigations for which the prize is now awarded.

He was a nominee to the Nobel prize for the first time in 1949.

In the words of Nobel Prize winner Robert E. Lucas, Jr., " For the first time in history, the living standards of the masses of ordinary people have begun to undergo sustained growth ...

With the exception of three prizes in the first year ( Administratium, Josiah Carberry, and Paul DeFanti ), the Ig Nobel Prizes are for genuine achievements.

In 2010, Andre Geim became the first person to receive both the Nobel and an individual Ig Nobel prize.

He was the first industrial chemist to become a Nobel laureate.

Bardeen first heard the news that the Nobel Prize in Physics had been awarded to him, Brattain and Shockley when he was making breakfast and listening to the radio on the morning of Thursday, November 1, 1956.

He became the first person to win two Nobel Prizes in the same field.

The first two were Marie Curie, who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 and Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1911, and Linus Pauling, who received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1954 and Nobel Peace Prize in 1962.

He was elected to the National Academy of Design as an Associate in the oil class in 1931 ( after receiving his first Ranger Fund Purchase Prize at the Academy in 1930 ), and elevated to Academicianship in 1940.

On 9 February 2012, Steinsaltz was honored by Israeli President Shimon Peres with Israel's first President's Prize for his scholarship in Talmud.

It is one of the seven Millennium Prize Problems selected by the Clay Mathematics Institute to carry a US $ 1, 000, 000 prize for the first correct solution.

In May 1975, the strip won Trudeau a Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Cartooning, the first strip cartoon to be so honored.

* In 1975, the strip won Trudeau a Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Cartooning, the first strip cartoon to be so honored.

Yoji Yamada introduced the commercially successful Tora-San series, while also directing other films, notably the popular The Yellow Handkerchief, which won the first Japan Academy Prize for Best Film in 1978.

* 1949 – Ezra Pound is awarded the first Bollingen Prize in poetry by the Bollingen Foundation and Yale University.

Gone with the Wind, first published in 1936, is a romance novel written by Margaret Mitchell, who received the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction for the book in 1937.

On March 1, 2007, the Library of Congress announced that Paul Simon, one of America's most respected songwriters and musicians, was the first recipient of the annual Library of Congress Gershwin Prize for Popular Song.

His mother was of Alsatian origin and the first cousin of Nobel Prize laureate Albert Schweitzer.

McPherson won the 1978 Pulitzer Prize for fiction for his short story collection Elbow Room, becoming the first African-American to win the Pulitzer for fiction.

After hearing a lecture on the subject of Lovelock's results, they embarked on research that resulted in the first published paper that suggested a link between stratospheric CFCs and ozone depletion in 1974, and later shared the 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry ( with Paul Crutzen ) for their work.

Aristotle argued against the idea of a first cause, often confused with the idea of a " prime mover " or " unmoved mover " ( or primus motor ) in his Physics and Metaphysics.

At age 24, Fermi took a professorship at the University of Rome ( one of the first three in theoretical physics in Italy ) which he won in a competition whose selection committee was chaired by Professor Orso Mario Corbino, director of the Institute of Physics.

He wrote the first work which refers to that line of study as " Physics " ( Aristotle's Physics ).

This was the first paper to be read to the new Physical Society of London ( now the Institute of Physics ) and appears on page one of volume one of their Proceedings.

He then obtained a DSc from London and served one year at Cambridge University as a demonstrator of mechanical engineering before being appointed as the first Professor of Physics and Mathematics at the University of Nottingham, but he left after less than a year.

In 1946 when Fuchs returned to England as the first Head of the Theoretical Physics Division at the Harwell Atomic Energy Research Establishment, he was confronted by intelligence officers as a result of the cracking of Soviet ciphers known as the VENONA project.

In 1917, Albert Einstein established the theoretical foundations for the laser and the maser in the paper Zur Quantentheorie der Strahlung ( On the Quantum Theory of Radiation ); via a re-derivation of Max Planck ’ s law of radiation, conceptually based upon probability coefficients ( Einstein coefficients ) for the absorption, spontaneous emission, and stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation ; in 1928, Rudolf W. Ladenburg confirmed the existences of the phenomena of stimulated emission and negative absorption ; in 1939, Valentin A. Fabrikant predicted the use of stimulated emission to amplify “ short ” waves ; in 1947, Willis E. Lamb and R. C. Retherford found apparent stimulated emission in hydrogen spectra and effected the first demonstration of stimulated emission ; in 1950, Alfred Kastler ( Nobel Prize for Physics 1966 ) proposed the method of optical pumping, experimentally confirmed, two years later, by Brossel, Kastler, and Winter.

In 1939, Valentin A. Fabrikant predicted the use of stimulated emission to amplify " short " waves ; In 1947, Willis E. Lamb and R. C. Retherford found apparent stimulated emission in hydrogen spectra and effected the first demonstration of stimulated emission ; in 1950, Alfred Kastler ( Nobel Prize for Physics 1966 ) proposed the method of optical pumping, experimentally confirmed, two years later, by Brossel, Kastler, and Winter.

" The editor of Aristotle's works, Andronicus of Rhodes, is thought to have placed the books on first philosophy right after another work, Physics, and called them ( ta meta ta physika biblia ) or " the books that come after the on physics ".

In 1904, Norwegian scientist Vilhelm Bjerknes first argued in his paper Weather Forecasting as a Problem in Mechanics and Physics that it should be possible to forecast weather from calculations based upon natural laws.

The prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace were first awarded in 1901.

In 1962 Leon M. Lederman, Melvin Schwartz and Jack Steinberger showed that more than one type of neutrino exists by first detecting interactions of the muon neutrino ( already hypothesised with the name neutretto ), which earned them the 1988 Nobel Prize in Physics.

Raymond Davis Jr. and Masatoshi Koshiba were jointly awarded the 2002 Nobel Prize in Physics ; Davis for his pioneer work on cosmic neutrinos and Koshiba for the first real time observation of supernova neutrinos.

‪ File: Roentgen2. jpg ‬‬| Wilhelm Röntgen ( 1845-1923 ): produced and detected electromagnetic radiation in a wavelength range of X-rays or Röntgen rays in 1895, for which he earned the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901, namesake of element 111, Roentgenium ‬‬‬‬

File: Ernest Rutherford 1908. jpg | Ernest Rutherford ( 1871-1937 ): considered " Father of Nuclear Physics ", showed how the atomic nucleus has a positive charge, first to change one element into another by an artificial nuclear reaction, differentiated and named alpha and beta radiation, awarded Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1908

File: Enrico Fermi 1943-49. jpg | Enrico Fermi ( 1901-1954 ): developed first nuclear reactor ( Chicago Pile-1 ), contributed to quantum theory, nuclear and particle physics, and statistical mechanics, awarded the 1938 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on induced radioactivity.

According to Newton himself and other historians of science, his Principia's first law of motion was the same as Aristotle's counterfactual principle of interminable locomotion in a void stated in Physics 4. 8. 215a19 – 22 and was also endorsed by ancient Greek atomists and others.

It is one of the earliest controlled fusion devices, first invented by Lyman Spitzer in 1950 and built the next year at what later became the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory.

Carl Friedrich Gauss and Wilhelm Weber built and first used for regular communication the electromagnetic telegraph in 1833 in Göttingen, connecting Göttingen Observatory and the Institute of Physics, covering a distance of about 1 km.

Borrowing from Aristotle's Physics and Metaphysics, they employed two logical arguments against an infinite past, the first being the " argument from the impossibility of the existence of an actual infinite ", which states:

In 1871 he was appointed Professor of Mathematical Physics at Yale, the first such professorship in the United States.

In November 1939, Lawrence was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on the cyclotron, the first particle accelerator to achieve high energies.